Оглавление
Beth B. Hogans. Pain Medicine at a Glance
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Pain Medicine at a Glance
Preface
Foreword
Acknowledgment
1 What is pain and how do we assess it?
References
2 Nociceptive processing: How does pain occur?
Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation
References
3 What are the major types of pain?
References
4 How prevalent is pain and what are the common forms?
References
5 Pain and ethical practice: How do we resolve dilemmas in pain care?
Beneficence
Non‐maleficence
Autonomy
Distributive Justice
References
6 Advanced skillfulness in clinical practice: The big challenges
References
7 Cognitive factors that influence pain
References
8 Approach to the patient with pain: conceptual models of care and related terminology
Balancing treatment and diagnosis: parallel pathway model
Understanding pain and choosing rational pharmacotherapy: mechanism based‐classification
Patient‐centered care vs. disease‐centered care
Biopsychosocial model
References
9 The pain‐focused clinical history: well‐developed illness narratives impact pain outcomes
Emotional impact
Sleep
Function
Biopsychosocial model
Openness to treatments – foundations of MI
Social history and work–life
References
10 Assessing pain in those with communication barriers
Speech barriers
Hearing barriers
Language barriers
Socioemotional barriers
Managing affect and negotiating boundaries with pain patients
References
11 Examination skills I: interaction, observation, and affect
Observation
Chronic pain can be surprisingly devoid of pain behavior
Affect
References
12 Examination skills II: inspection and manual skills
Inspection
Palpation
Range of motion
Motor testing
Sensory testing
Reflex testing
Provocative testing
References
13 Integrating knowledge, skills, and compassionate practices
References
14 Motivational interviewing and shared decision‐making: psychological skills in primary care for pain
References
15 Communication and interprofessional teams caring for patients with pain
References
16 Planning therapy: coordinated, comprehensive care
References
17 Basic considerations for pharmacological therapy – balancing mechanisms of drugs and disease
References
18 Over‐the‐counter analgesia: Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen
References
19 Neuromodulating agents: pain‐active anti‐depressants andanti‐convulsants
References
20 Opioids – the basics and use in perioperative pain care
References
21 Opioids – the details: equianalgesia and safe use
References
22 Opioids – advanced practice – alternative delivery routes: IV, PCA, epidural
References
23 Focal treatments for pain in primary practice: topical, iontophoretic, acupuncture, and basic injections. Anatomy and innervation
Selected agents and therapies
References
24 Interventional treatments and surgery for pain
References
25 Activating therapies: PT, exercise, hydrotherapy, yoga and Chi Gong, sleep hygiene
References
26 Mind‐based therapies: CBT, ACT, reframing
References
27 Manual therapies: massage; trigger points, acupressure, chiropractic, stretching, inversion
References
28 Therapies that utilize descending pain pathways: meditation, vocation, games, music, and others
References
29 Acute and chronic pain: the basics
Reference
30 Surgical and procedural pain
References
31 Musculoskeletal pain
Reference
32 Orofacial pain
Anatomy and innervation
Common and relevant conditions
33 Neck pain, cervical, and thoracic spine pain
Anatomy and innervation
References
34 Arm and hand pain
Anatomy and innervation
Common and relevant conditions
References
35 Low back pain: basic diagnosis and treatment planning
36 Back pain emergencies
Common and relevant conditions
Reference
37 Radiating leg, buttock, and groin pain
Anatomy and innervation
Common and relevant conditions
References
38 Knee pain
Anatomy and innervation
Clinical assessment
Basics of treatment
References
39 Foot and ankle pain
Anatomy and physiology
Clinical assessment
Basics of treatment
References
40 Headache emergencies
References
41 Headaches: basic diagnosis and management
Basic evaluation
Tension type headache
Migraine headache
Occipital neuralgia
Secondary headache
References
42 Headache – chronic pain and the acute flare. General features and diagnostic guidance
Common and relevant conditions
References
43 Visceral pain
Anatomy and innervation
Common and relevant conditions
44 Pelvic pain
Anatomy and physiology
Common and relevant conditions
References
45 Exceptional causes of severe, chronic pain: CRPS, fibromyalgia, erythromelalgia, and small fiber peripheral neuropathy
46 Management of pain in those with substance abuse
References
47 Pain at the end of life, opioid rotation
Opioid rotation
References
48 Opioids for chronic pain: preventing iatrogenic opioid use disorders
References
49 Tapering opioids in patients with pain
References
50 Pain in infants, children, and adolescents
References
51 Pain in older adults
Reference
52 Tailoring pharmacotherapy in aging, renal, liver, and other metabolic dysfunctions
References
53 Pain in pregnancy and the puerperium. Anatomy
Common and prevalent conditions
References
References
Appendix I Sample exam sheet. General/Neuro/Pain brief exam (circle or tick findings)
Appendix II Sample pain diary worksheet
Appendix III Glossary
Sources
Appendix IV Daily stretching guide – essential for pain prevention
Appendix V Patient packet – your power over pain
Multiple choice questions. Chapter 1 – Pain: what it is and how we begin to assess it
Chapter 2 – Nociceptive processing: How does pain occur?
Chapter 3 – What are the major types of pain?
Chapter 4 – How prevalent is pain and what are the common forms?
Chapter 5 – Pain and ethical practice: How do we resolve dilemmas in pain care?
Chapter 6 – Advanced skillfulness in clinical practice: the big challenges
Chapter 7 – Cognitive factors that influence pain
Chapter 8 – Approach to the patient with pain: conceptual models of care and related terminology
Chapter 9 – The pain‐focused clinical history: well‐developed illness narratives impact pain outcomes
Chapter 10 – Assessing pain in those with communication barriers
Chapter 11 – Examination skills I: interaction, observation, and affect
Chapter 12 – Examination skills II: inspection and manual skills
Chapter 13 – Integrating knowledge, skills, and compassionate practices
Chapter 14 – Motivational interviewing and shared decision‐making: psychological skills in primary care for pain
Chapter 15 – Communicating with teams caring for patients with pain
Chapter 16 – Planning therapy: coordinated, comprehensive, patient‐centered care
Chapter 17 – Basic considerations for pharmacological therapy – balancing mechanisms of drugs and disease
Chapter 18 – Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen (over‐the‐counter analgesia)
Chapter 19 – Neuromodulating agents: pain‐active antidepressants and anticonvulsants
Chapter 20 – Opioids ‐ the basics and use in perioperative pain care
Chapter 21 – Opioids – the details: equianalgesia and safe use
Chapter 22 – Opioids – advanced practice ‐ alternative delivery: IV, PCA, epidural
Chapter 23 – Focal treatments for pain in primary practice: topical, iontophoretic, acupuncture, and basic injections
Chapter 24 – Interventional treatments and surgery for pain
Chapter 25 – Activating therapies: PT, exercise, hydrotherapy, yoga and Chi Gong, sleep hygiene
Chapter 26 – Mind‐based therapies: CBT, ACT, reframing
Chapter 27 – Manual therapies
Chapter 28 – Therapies that utilize descending pain pathways: meditation, vocation, games, music, and others
Chapter 29 – Acute and chronic pain: the basics
Chapter 30 – Surgical and procedural pain
Chapter 31 – Musculoskeletal pain
Chapter 32 – Orofacial pain
Chapter 33 – Neck pain, cervical and thoracic spine pain
Chapter 34 – Arm and hand pain
Chapter 35 – Low back pain: basic diagnosis and treatment planning
Chapter 36 – Back pain emergencies
Chapter 37 – Radiating leg, buttock, and groin pain
Chapter 38 – Knee pain
Chapter 39 – Foot and ankle pain
Chapter 40 – Headache emergencies
Chapter 41 – Headaches: basic diagnosis and management
Chapter 42 – Chronic headaches
Chapter 43 – Visceral pain
Chapter 44 – Pelvic pain
Chapter 45 – Exceptional causes of severe, chronic pain: CRPS, fibromyalgia, erythromelalgia, and small fiber peripheral neuropathy
Chapter 46 – Management of pain with substance abuse
Chapter 47 – Pain at the end of life, opioid rotation
Chapter 48 – Opioids for chronic pain: preventing iatrogenic opioid use disorders
Chapter 49 – Tapering opioids in patients with pain
Chapter 50 – Pain in infants, children, and adolescents
Chapter 51 – Pain in older adults
Chapter 52 – Tailoring pharmacotherapy in aging, renal, liver, and other metabolic dysfunction
Chapter 53 – Pain in pregnancy and the puerperium
Answers
Index
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