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C. J. Richardson. The Englishman's House: A Practical Guide for Selecting and Building a House
The Englishman's House: A Practical Guide for Selecting and Building a House
Table of Contents
THE. ENGLISHMAN’S HOUSE
PREFACE
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER. ON THE PICTURESQUE IN RELATION TO ARCHITECTURE
DESIGN No. 1. A GARDENER’S COTTAGE
DESIGN No. 2. A SMALL COTTAGE OR LODGE
DESIGN No. 3. A PICTURESQUE COTTAGE
DESIGN No. 4. A DOUBLE COTTAGE
DESIGN No. 5. A DOUBLE COTTAGE AND VILLAGE SUNDAY SCHOOL
DESIGN No. 6. A HUNTSMAN’S LODGE OR COTTAGE
THE CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION FOR BUILDING COTTAGES
DESIGN No. 7
DESIGN No. 8. A PARK LODGE
DESIGN No. 9. A PARK LODGE
DESIGN No. 10. AN ENTRANCE LODGE TO A PARK
DESIGN No. 11. AN ENTRANCE LODGE AND GATEWAY TO A PARK
DESIGN No. 12. A STOVE FOR AN ENTRANCE HALL
DESIGN No. 13. QUEEN’S GATE LODGE, HYDE PARK
ON THE FOUNDATION AND BASEMENT. WALLS OF BUILDINGS, DAMP PREVENTION, AND. FIRE PROOF CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN No. 14. A SMALL COUNTRY RECTORY
DESIGN No. 15. A SMALL COUNTRY HOUSE
DESIGN No. 16. A COUNTRY VILLA
DESIGN No. 17. A DOUBLE SUBURBAN VILLA
DESIGN No. 18. DESIGN FOR VILLAGE SCHOOLS, AND READING ROOM
DESIGN No. 19. A ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPEL AND SCHOOLS
DESIGN No. 20. DESIGN FOR A BATH HOUSE, AND SUMMER ROOM
DESIGN No. 21. DESIGN FOR A SMALL COUNTRY VILLA
DESIGN No. 22. A VILLA IN THE OLD ENGLISH WOODEN STYLE
DESIGN No. 23. A GARDEN SUMMER-HOUSE
DESIGN No. 24. A SMALL COUNTRY RETREAT, OR FRENCH MAISONETTE
DESIGN No. 25. AN ELIZABETHAN VILLA
DESIGN No. 26. A SUMMER OR GARDEN VILLA
DESIGN No. 27. A DECORATED WINDOW
DESIGN No. 28. A SCULPTOR’S VILLA
DESIGN No. 29. GARDEN SEAT
DESIGN No. 30. A GARDEN SEAT
DESIGN No. 31. AN ICE-HOUSE
DESIGN No. 32. A SUBURBAN VILLA
DESIGN No. 33. A SUBURBAN VILLA
DESIGN No. 34. RIDING-HOUSE AND STABLING
DESIGN No. 35. A BACHELOR’S HOUSE
THE FIREPLACE. FLUE CONSTRUCTION AND SMOKE PREVENTION
DESIGN No. 36. A LECTURE HALL, OR LITERARY INSTITUTION
DESIGN No. 37. ENCAUSTIC TILES
DESIGN No. 38.—RESTORATION OF CASTLE GUNNARSTROP, SWEDEN
DESIGN No. 39. SUMMER VILLA FOR THE COUNT KINSKI, AT TEPLITZ
DESIGN No. 40. HARRINGTON HOUSE, QUEEN’S PALACE GARDENS
INDEX
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C. J. Richardson
Published by Good Press, 2021
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Another question which, to a certain extent, should influence the arrangement of a house of any pretensions in respect to size, is that of the method of warming it. The preference, or rather prejudice, in favour of fireplaces is so great, that a revolution of the nation in political matters could be more easily brought about than the abolition of the fire-grate; but it is well known that at least three-fourths of the coal consumed is wasted in the attempt to heat the room to an equable and pleasant temperature. But by such means the result cannot be arrived at. In front of, and close to the fire, the temperature is excessive, while the backs of the sitters facing in are suffering from cold. An equalized temperature in rooms is obtained abroad. In Russia, a plan is adopted of heating the rooms by means of the walls, the latter being double, and so arranged that they act as flues to a furnace situated at the lower part of the building. By this method every part of the room acquires, simultaneously, an equable temperature. There need be no draught, simply because the air is not drawn in one direction more than in another. From every side a gentle current of warm air arises. This method cannot be adopted here; it would not suit for English houses where coal is used as fuel: the interstices of the double wall would soon be filled with soot. The same effect is produced in a far more elegant way, by means of warm-water pipes passed round the room; by this simple process the staircase and passages and the sides of a room distant from the fireplace are made of equal temperature—one, or at most two furnaces, burning coke and making no smoke, if placed in a cellar outside an extensive building, can render the whole interior, from attic to ground-floor of equal temperature, and not prevent the action of the fireplace, or its agreeable presence in our homes. In the British Museum, where warming apparatus is used, the temperature of the whole is kept uniformly the same, that is, 65° Fah., even throughout the most severe weather, independent of the common fireplace. No greater change is required in any part of our buildings than in the latter; not that it requires to be removed, but a change to prevent its waste of heat and its contaminating the outside air with the soot and blacks from its coal fuel; the lower fireplaces in a building should warm or air the upper rooms, and no soot or blacks should be allowed to leave the flues. A construction for this purpose will be shown in the ensuing pages, as well as one for warming an entire building and a conservatory.
An opposite effect to that of warming is frequently desirable in our houses; and to ensure this the position of the site of the house must be considered. It is evident that a room having a south-western aspect must of all others be the warmest, whether in winter or summer, simply because that aspect is most exposed to the influence of the sun’s rays. On the other hand, rooms having a north-easterly aspect must necessarily be the coolest, because, except during the earliest part of midsummer mornings, say from 2 to 4 A.M., the sun’s rays cannot reach them. It is, therefore, in the power of those who have the requisite resources, to construct a house in such a manner that warm rooms can be provided for winter use, and cool for alleviating the heat of summer. It is by no means an uncommon occurrence to find a large dinner-party assembled in the heat of summer in a room that has been exposed to the sun’s rays during the afternoon. Frequently in such cases, owing to the number of persons present, the heat of the viands, lights, &c., the temperature rises above 80°, a circumstance prejudicial to health, enjoyment, and the vivacity of social intercourse, that might have been entirely avoided had the dining-room been placed in a northern aspect. These are points well worthy of attention in constructing a newly-designed dwelling. It unfortunately happens, in many cases, that the supposed exigencies of architectural arrangement must have priority of all other considerations. Yet the architect who wilfully opposes such modifications of his plan for the purpose of conducing to general comfort is shortsighted. His object ought to be to build a house to be lived in, and not to be looked at alone.
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