Birds of Prey

Birds of Prey
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‘This is the smoking gun of all your research.’
Professor Richard E. Holmes (18 February 2001).


Birds of Prey is a microhistory of the Nazi occupation of Białowieźa Forest, Poland’s national park. The narrative stretches from Göring’s palatial lifestyle to the common soldier on the ground killing Jews, partisans, and civilians. Based entirely on previously unpublished sources, the book is the synthesis of six areas of research: Hitler’s Luftwaffe, the hunt and environmental history, military geography, Colonialism and Nazi Lebensraum, the Holocaust, and the war in the East. By weaving together a narrative about Hermann Göring, his inner circle, and ordinary soldiers, the book reveals the Nazi ambition to draw together East Prussia, the Bialystok region, and Ukraine into a common eastern frontier of the Greater German state, revealing how the Luftwaffe, the German hunt, and the state forestry were institutional perpetrators of Lebensraum and genocide. Up until now the Luftwaffe had not been identified in specific acts of genocide or placed at large scale killings of Jews, civilians, and partisans. This gap in the historical record had been facilitated by the destruction of the Luftwaffe’s records in 1945. Through a forensic and painstaking process of piecing together scraps of evidence over two decades, and utilizing Geographical Information System software, Philip W. Blood managed to decipher previously obscure reports and expose patterns of Nazi atrocities.

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Philip W. Blood. Birds of Prey

Acknowledgements

List of Tables

List of Diagrams

List of Maps

List of Images

Abbreviations and Glossary

1942

Excursions in Microhistory

The acquisition of sources

Engaging with microhistory

Terminology

An Aide-Mémoire: Reading Maps Like German soldiers

I. The Nazis and military geography

II. The science of maps

III. The GIS maps

1. The Ogre of Rominten

I. The Green

II. The Blue

III. Raising a social-military order

2. The Conquest of Wilderness

I. War

II. The Battle for Białowieźa (22–30 June 1941)

III. The Green in the ascendancy

IV. A cultural synopsis of genocide

3. Grossdeutschland

I. Prussian administration

II. The Białowieźa arena

III. The hunt

4. Bandenbekämpfung in the ‘Home Forces Area’

I. Rude arrival

II. Turf war

III. Manpower fluctuations

IV. The bureaucracy of Bandenbekämpfung

5. The Białowieźa Partisans

I. Surveillance, counterintelligence and luck

II. The Trusty

III. A view from within

IV. Countering the bands

6. Population Engineering

I. Accounting for wilderness

II. The curious case of Roczkowka

III. Making wilderness

IV. Reprisals and revenge

7. Judenjagd

I. In step with the Jagdkommando

II. Hunting Jews

8. German Soldiers and Bandenbekämpfung

I. Herbst and Bandenbekämpfung

II. NCOs: command spine in the field

III. Military dogma, military order or military efficiency?

9. 1943

I. Post-Stalingrad politics

II. Dissolution

III. Body count politics

10. Göring’s Hunter Killers

I. The chosen man

II. Command and control

III. Technology and security

IV. Stalin’s partisans

11. Bandenjagd

I. Stalking partisans

II. Dubious beaters

III. Death in the forest

IV. The politics of large operations

V. More body counts

12. 1944: Retreat

I. The final phase

II. Vikings, Bears and Panthers

III. Rückkampf: memories of a retreat

Conclusion: Memories of a Never Happened History

I. Memories of Rominten

II. A Białowieźa fantasy

III. The lost Jewish Past

IV. Myth of the clean Luftwaffe

Epilogue

Appendix 1: German Ranks

Appendix 2: Luftwaffe Soldiers

I. Sixth company officers

II. Company men

III. A summary of casualties, 1942–1944

Bibliography. Archival sources. German Archives: Arolsen Archives (AA)

Bundesarchiv (BArch)

Formerly Zentralnachweisstelle, Aachen-Kornelimünster (BA ZNS)

Deutsche Dienststelle (DDst), Berlin

United Kingdom. Imperial War Museum (IWM)

National Archives, formerly the Public Records Office (TNA)

United States of America. National Archives (NARA) of Washington D.C.: College Park, Maryland

Yad Vasham Archive, Jerusalem

I. Official codes, reports, handbooks, manuals, dictionaries

II. Oral sources: interviews, newspapers, television and radio

III. Doctoral theses and open access sources

IV. Books and articles. Articles and books before 1945

Books and articles since 1945

About the Author

Отрывок из книги

ibidem-Press, Stuttgart

Professor E. Richard Holmes (1946–2011)

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35 Thomas Kühne, Kameradschaft: Die Soldaten des nationalsozialistischen Krieges und das 20. Jahrhundert, (Göttingen, 2006). See also Kühne, Belonging and Genocide. Hitler’s Community 1918–1945, (New Haven, 2010) and ‘Kameradschaft – “das Beste im Leben des Mannes”, Die deutschen Soldaten des Zweiten Weltkrieges in erfahrungs- und geschlechtergeschichtlicher Perspektive,’ Geschichte und Gesellschaft 22 (1996) S.504–529, and Kühne, The Rise and Fall of Comradeship: Hitler’s Soldiers, Mass Bonding and Mass Violence in the Twentieth Century, (Cambridge, 2017).

36 TNA, WO 208/3608 CSDIC SIR 1329, Establishment of a Jgdko by Secret order of the Befehlshaber Südost, interrogation of UFF’S Kotschy and Boscmeinen, 13 December 1944. WO 208/3979, A Study of German Military Training, Combined Services, May 1946.

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