Archives in the Digital Age

Оглавление

Abderrazak Mkadmi. Archives in the Digital Age

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations

List of Tables

Guide

Pages

Archives in The Digital Age. Preservation and the Right to be Forgotten

Preface

Introduction

1. Digital Archives: Elements of Definition. 1.1. Key concepts of digital archives

1.1.1. Archives

1.1.2. Archive management

1.1.2.1. Conservation objects

1.1.2.2. Conservation objectives and utility

1.1.2.3. Shelf life

1.1.2.4. How to keep archives

1.1.3. Archival management tools. 1.1.3.1. Inventory of documents

1.1.3.2. Directory of typical files

1.1.3.3. Functional classification scheme

1.1.3.4. Schedule of retention rules

1.1.4. Digital archives

1.2. Electronic Records Management. 1.2.1. ERM: elements of definition

1.2.2. ERM: implementation steps

1.2.2.1. Acquisition of documents

1.2.2.2. Document pre-processing

1.2.2.3. Document indexing

1.2.2.4. Storage of documents. 1.2.2.4.1. Storage media

1.2.2.4.2. Strengths and weaknesses of storage media

1.2.2.5. Dissemination of documents

1.3. Records management

1.3.1. Structure of standard 15489

1.3.2. Content of the standard

1.3.3. Design and implementation of an RM project according to the standard

1.3.4. MoReq: the added value of RM

1.4. EDRMS: merging ERM and RM

1.5. ECM: the overall data management strategy

1.6. Conclusion

2. Digital Archiving: Methods and Strategies. 2.1. Introduction

2.2. Digital archiving: elements of definition

2.3. Digital archiving: the essential standards

2.3.1. NF Z 42-013/ISO 14641 standard

2.3.2. NF 461: electronic archiving system

2.3.3. OAIS (ISO 14721): Open Archival Information System

2.3.4. ISO 19905 (PDF/A)

2.3.5. ISO 30300, ISO 30301 and ISO 30302 series of standards

2.3.6. ISO 23081

2.4. Methodology for setting up a digital archiving process

2.4.1. Qualifying and classifying information

2.4.2. Classification scheme

2.4.3. Retention schedule or retention standard

2.4.4. Metadata

2.4.5. Archiving processes and procedures

2.5. Archiving of audiovisual documents

2.5.1. Definition of audiovisual archives

2.5.2. Treatment of audiovisual archives

2.5.3. Migration of audiovisual documents

2.5.4. Digital archiving of audiovisual documents

2.6. Email archiving

2.6.1. Email archiving and legislation

2.6.2. Why archive emails?

2.7. Conclusion

3. Archives in the Age of Digital Humanities. 3.1. Introduction

3.2. History of the digital humanities

3.2.1. “Literary and Linguistic Computing”: 1940-1980

3.2.2. “Humanities computing”: 1980–1994

3.2.3. “Digital humanities”: since 1994

3.3. Definitions of the digital humanities

3.4. Archives in the age of the digital humanities

3.4.1. Digital archive platforms. 3.4.1.1. Calames: the catalog of archives and manuscripts of the French higher education system

3.4.1.2. ISIDORE: a platform for unified access to humanities and social science data

3.4.1.3. Sound library of the Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l’homme (MMSH – Mediterranean Center for Human Sciences)

3.4.1.4. e-Recolnat project

3.4.2. Software managing digital archives. 3.4.2.1. Pleade

3.4.2.2. Archinoë

3.4.2.3. Arkothèque

3.4.2.4. Ligeo

3.4.3. Digital humanities at the heart of long-term preservation

3.4.3.1. Perennial identifiers

3.4.3.2. Open Archival Information System

3.4.3.3. Metalanguage to describe document resources

3.4.4. Digital humanities and the liberation of the humanities: access and accessibility

3.5. Conclusion

4. Digital Archiving and Big Data. 4.1. Introduction

4.2. Definition of Big Data

4.3. Big Data issues

4.4. Big Data: challenges and areas of application

4.5. Data archiving in the age of Big Data

4.5.1. Management and archiving of Big Data

4.5.2. Big Data technologies and tools

4.5.2.1. Hadoop

4.5.2.2. HDFS

4.5.2.3. MapReduce

4.5.2.4. Yarn

4.5.2.5. Other Big Data tools and technologies

4.5.3. Blockchain, the future of digital archiving of Big Data

4.5.3.1. Definition of blockchain

4.5.3.2. Fields of application of blockchain

4.5.3.3. Blockchain: data traceability and evidence-based archiving

4.5.3.4. Blockchain and archivists

4.5.3.5. Blockchain versus archiving systems

4.5.3.6. Examples of archiving projects using blockchain technology

4.6. Conclusion

5. Preservation of Archives versus the Right to be Forgotten. 5.1. Introduction

5.2. Forgetting

5.3. The right to be forgotten

5.3.1. Limits to the right to be forgotten

5.3.2. European Directive on the protection of personal data

5.3.3. General Data Protection Regulation

5.3.3.1. Principles of the GDPR

5.3.3.2. Personal information under the GDPR

5.3.4. The right to dereferencing: common criteria

5.4. Effectiveness of the right to be forgotten

5.4.1. Technical challenge of the effectiveness of the right to be forgotten

5.4.2. Legal challenge of the effectiveness of the right to be forgotten

5.4.2.1. Data Protection and Freedom of Information Act9

5.4.2.2. Law on trust in the digital economy (Loi sur la confiance dansl’économie numérique, LCEN) and Hadopi Law 2

5.4.2.3. Article 9 of the Civil Code

5.5. The right to digital oblivion: a controversial subject

5.6. Public archives versus the right to be forgotten

5.6.1. Archives: exemptions from the right to be forgotten

5.6.2. Online publication of archives and finding aids containing personal data

5.6.3. Private digital archives and the right to be forgotten

5.6.4. Web archiving and the right to be forgotten

5.7. Google and the right to be forgotten

5.8. Conclusion

Conclusion

List of Acronyms. A, B

C

D

E, F

G, H

I, J

L, M

N, O

P

R, S

T, U

V, W, X, Y

References

Index. A

B, C

D

E

F

G, H

I

L, M

N, O

P

R

S

T, U

W, X, Y

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Отрывок из книги

Digital Tools and Uses Set

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After having acquired the document through scanning, exchange and/or production, and in order to find it and facilitate its use, it is necessary to describe its content. This second stage of electronic document management is the most important one as regards being able to keep the document and use it later. This operation can be done by type (with a formal description, author, title, date, etc.), by concepts or keywords selected in a free way, or based on a thesaurus in order to harmonize practices. In web documents in HTML format, the description is created through META tags that allow the creator of these documents to define the relevant keywords representative of the content, the subject, the author and so on. There are many metadata6- related standards today, such as DC (Dublin Core), RDF (Resource Description Framework), EAD (Encoded Archival Description), EAC (Encoded Archival Context) and LOM (Learning Object Metadata) [MKA 08]. The objective is to make this metadata usable by a large number of search tools.

Storage, or what is sometimes called archiving (in the primary sense of the term), supports the conservation of documents over time. In order to implement an effective storage solution, it is first necessary to establish a needs analysis related, in particular, to the volume of data, their importance, the frequency of their consultation, the degree of confidentiality, the degree of importance of security, the length of time they are kept and the interest of putting them online, among other factors.

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