Оглавление
Ann Sloan Devlin. The Research Experience
The Research Experience
The Research Experience
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Preface
Updates to the New Edition
Instructor Teaching Site
Acknowledgments
Publisher’s Acknowledgments
About the Author
Introduction
Chapter 1 Research, Biases in Thinking, and the Role of Theories. Chapter highlights
Why Research Matters
The Research Process: Humans Make Predictions
Heuristics and the Work of Kahneman and Tversky
The Representativeness Heuristic in Research
The Availability Heuristic in Research
Humans Want to Confirm Hypotheses
Try This Now 1.1
Revisit and Respond 1.1
Other Problems in Thinking
Problems in Scientific Thinking: Theory Influences Observations
Problems in Pseudoscientific Thinking: Scientific Language Does Not Make a Science
Coincidence (Gambler’s Fallacy) and Representativeness (Base Rate)
Try This Now 1.2
Logical Problems in Thinking: Hasty Generalization and Overreliance on Authorities
Psychological Problems in Thinking: Problem-Solving Inadequacy
Doing Science as Tradition and Innovation
Revisit and Respond 1.2
Research and the Value of Common Sense
Flexibility in Thinking
Theories: What They Are and Why They Matter
Try This Now 1.3
Ways in Which Theories May Differ: Scope and Parsimony
Making a Connection Between a Theory and a Good Research Question
Revisit and Respond 1.3
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Chapter 2 Generating and Shaping Ideas: Tradition and Innovation. Chapter highlights
Overview
Sources of Ideas
Ideas: The Student Sphere of Activity
Common Student Research Themes
Ideas: Academia and Media
Theses, Research Groups, and Departmental Publications
Conferences and Undergraduate Journals
Media
Wall Street Journal
Chronicle of Higher Education
Television
Revisit and Respond 2.1
Ideas: Information Services, aka the Library
Ideas: Searching Effectively in the Library
Library Holdings
Reference Section: Encyclopedias and Handbooks
Psychology and Other Social Sciences
Try This Now 2.1
Revisit and Respond 2.2
Reference Materials: Style Guides and Thesauruses
Online Reference Resources: Dictionaries and Encyclopedias
Subject and Research Guides
Electronic Resources and Keywords
Keywords: The “Key” to Success
Try This Now 2.2
PsycINFO
Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms
Other Techniques in Searching: Truncation and Times Cited
Other Databases and Indexes in the Social Sciences
General Databases
The Web and Peer Review
Particular Kinds of Articles
Review Articles
Meta-Analyses: Their Special Value
How Journals Differ: Issues Related to Quality
Try This Now 2.3
Open Access and Predatory Publishers
Publication Practices of Journals
Significance Levels
Reviewer Selection
Intellectual Contribution of the Article
Editorial Policy
Specialized Journals
File Drawer Phenomenon
Journal Articles Versus Book Chapters
Revisit and Respond 2.3
Physically Obtaining an Article: A Closer Look at Databases
PsycINFO Versus PsycARTICLES
Revisit and Respond 2.4
Summary of the Article Locator Search Process
Interlibrary Loan (ILL) Systems and World Catalog (WorldCat)
Try This Now 2.4
What to Do With Your Articles (Read More Than the Abstract!)
The Introduction
The Hypotheses
The Method Section
Participants
Materials/Measures/Instruments
Procedure
The Results Section
The Discussion Section: Conflicts and Gaps
Revisit and Respond 2.5
Keeping Track: ILL, Mendeley, and RefWorks
Try This Now 2.5
Confounding or Third Variables: Refining the Research Question and Closing the Research Gap
Try This Now 2.6
Revisit and Respond 2.6
Time Pressure and Timelines
Academic Fraud and Steps Toward Transparency
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 3 Research Design Approaches and Issues: An Overview. Chapter highlights
Overview
Research Quality Affects Research Answers
What Research Can Tell You: The Continuum of Certainty
Correlation Versus Causation
Try This Now 3.1
Why Conduct Correlational Research?
The Language of Correlation and Causation
Correlational Research Approaches: Correlational and Quasi-Experimental
Hallmarks of True Experimental Approaches
Try This Now 3.2
Differentiation of Independent and Dependent Variables
Reframing a Research Idea
Revisit and Respond 3.1
Type I Versus Type II Error
Sources of Type I Error and Remedies
Revisit and Respond 3.2
Type II Errors: Sample Size, Power, and Effect Size
Revisit and Respond 3.3
Internal Validity
History
Maturation
Testing
Instrumentation
Statistical Regression
Differential Selection (Biased Selection of Subjects)
Experimental Mortality
Selection–Maturation Interaction
Behavior of the Experimenter and Demand Characteristics
Try This Now 3.3
Behavior of the Participant: Role Attitude
Single- and Double-Blind Approaches to Research
Cover Stories
Pilot Tests and Manipulation Checks
Summary of Additional Threats to Internal Validity
Try This Now 3.4
Revisit and Respond 3.4
External Validity and Ecological Validity
Revisit and Respond 3.5
Where Research Takes Place
Laboratory Research
Field Study
Field Experiment
Virtual Environments
Survey Research
Where Qualitative Research Takes Place
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 4 Ethics and the Institutional Review Board (IRB) Process. Chapter highlights
Overview
Try This Now 4.1
What Is the IRB, and Why Does It Exist?
Try This Now 4.2
The Belmont Report
Revisit and Respond 4.1
History of Ethical Oversight
Milgram’s Obedience to Authority Study
Zimbardo’s Prison Simulation
Kennedy Krieger Institute Lead Paint Study
Revisit and Respond 4.2
The APA Code of Ethics
Revisit and Respond 4.3
What Is Research? What Are Human Subjects?
Revisit and Respond 4.4
Revisit and Respond 4.5
Try This Now 4.3
What Kinds of Projects Do Not Require IRB Review?
IRB Duties, Membership, and Levels of IRB Review
Exempt
Try This Now 4.4
Expedited
Full
Revisit and Respond 4.6
Deception
Deception: Contribution of the American Psychological Association
Try This Now 4.5
Try This Now 4.6
Revisit and Respond 4.7
Components of the IRB Proposal
Informed Consent
Reasonable Person Standard
Specific Components of Informed Consent
Basic Informed Consent Components
Additional Considerations
A Comment About Confidentiality
Statements Regarding Circumstances When Confidentiality Would Be Broken
Practical Aspects of Informed Consent
Contact Information
Signature and Wording for Consent
The Language You Use
Waiving Informed Consent: When and Why
The Documentation of Informed Consent
Obtaining Informed Consent Electronically
Debriefing
Revisit and Respond 4.8
Children as a Vulnerable Population: Implications for Research
Hurdles in Conducting Research With Children: Gaining Access
Active Consent Versus Passive Consent
The Child’s Assent (Agreement)
Revisit and Respond 4.9
Ethics and Student Participation in Research: Alternatives to the Participant Pool
Try This Now 4.7
Offering Incentives in Research: Are Incentives Coercive?
Try This Now 4.8
Revisit and Respond 4.10
The IRB Training Modules
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Chapter 5 Measurement: Qualities of Measures. Chapter highlights
Overview
The Concept of Measurement: Ideal Versus Real
The Purpose of Measures
Revisit and Respond 5.1
Measurement Scale Types
Nominal Scale Measurement
Ordinal Scale Measurement
Interval Scale Measurement
Try This Now 5.1
Ratio Scale Measurement
Revisit and Respond 5.2
Sensitivity of a Scale and Anchor Values
Psychological Meaning of Scale Anchors
The Process of Identifying Measures: The Literature
The Measures/Materials/Instruments Section
Databases of Tests (PsycTESTS and HaPI)
Books of Measures
Department Resources and Professors
Catalogues of Measures and Fees Charged
Revisit and Respond 5.3
Qualities of Measures: Reliability and Validity
Test–Retest Reliability
Parallel Forms Reliability (Also Called Alternate Forms Reliability)
Measures of Internal Consistency: Split-Half Reliability and Cronbach’s Alpha
The Importance of Computing Your Own Cronbach’s Alpha
Revisit and Respond 5.4
Qualities of Measures: Validity
Content Validity
Try This Now 5.2
Face Validity
Criterion-Related Validity: Predictive and Concurrent
Try This Now 5.3
Construct Validity
Revisit and Respond 5.5
Length and Difficulty of Measures
Instructions for Scoring
Names of Measures and Social Desirability Concerns
Try This Now 5.4
Measures of Social Desirability
Qualifications for Use
Revisit and Respond 5.6
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 6 Surveys: Developing Measures and Items. Chapter highlights
Overview
Developing Your Own Instrument
Developing a New Measure
Advice for Writing Items Yourself
Try This Now 6.1
Writing Demographic Items and Social Sensitivity
Revisit and Respond 6.1
Asking About Race and Ethnicity
Asking About Income
Creating Your Own Questions: Item Format
Try This Now 6.2
Odd or Even?
The Stem
Try This Now 6.3
Pilot Testing
Revisit and Respond 6.2
Scale Types and Flexibility in Answering Research Questions
The Order of Questions in a Survey
Revisit and Respond 6.3
Online Survey Software Tools
Features of Online Survey Software Programs
Program Features
Google Docs Forms
Downloading Online Surveys Into SPSS
Survey Appearance
Try This Now 6.4
Try This Now 6.5
Revisit and Respond 6.4
A Few Final Cautions (and Encouragements) About Online Survey Software
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 7 Correlational Research and Specialized Nonexperimental Designs. Chapter highlights
Overview
Correlational Research: General Characteristics
What Correlational Data Can Tell Us
Try This Now 7.1
Considerations of Internal and External Validity in Correlational Research
Drawbacks to Correlational Approaches
The Third Variable Problem
The Problem of Directionality
Revisit and Respond 7.1
A Word About Causality
Correlational Design: Quasi-Experimental Design (i.e., Questions About Groups)
Try This Now 7.2
Statistics Used in Correlational Designs
Sample as a Whole
A Word About Nomenclature
Ranked Data
Nominal Data Distribution: One-Dimensional Chi-Square
Questions About Nonmanipulated (or Preexisting) Groups
Questions About Proportionality: Two-Dimensional Chi-Square
Questions About Group Differences in Ranked Data
Revisit and Respond 7.2
Factor Analysis: Data Reduction for Correlations Among Multiple Variables
Judging a Book by Its Cover: An Example of Factor Analysis
Revisit and Respond 7.3
Specialized Nonexperimental Designs
Time-Series and Interrupted Time-Series Designs
Interrupted Time Series
Try This Now 7.3
Strengths and Weaknesses of This Approach
When Is This Approach Used?
Revisit and Respond 7.4
Real-World Challenges: Postoccupancy Evaluation (POE)
Nonequivalent Control Group
Revisit and Respond 7.5
Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Designs
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Longitudinal Approach
Try This Now 7.4
Examples of Research Questions in Longitudinal Designs
Successful Longitudinal Research: Practical Issues
Try This Now 7.5
Revisit and Respond 7.6
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cross-Sectional Approach
Cohort-Sequential Design
Revisit and Respond 7.7
Advantages of Using Multiple Methods
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 8 Qualitative Research. Chapter highlights
Overview
Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research and the Concept of Reflexivity
Acceptance of Qualitative Methodology in the Social and Behavioral Sciences
Revisit and Respond 8.1
Qualitative Approaches to Research
Archival Research and Document Analysis
Try This Now 8.1
Physical Traces as Archival Material
Observational Methods
How to Capture Behavior: Behavioral Categories
Role of the Observer in Recordings
Videotaping
Concealed Observer
Acclimation and Observation
Behavior Recording and Mapping
How Often and How Long to Observe
Frequency, Duration, and Interval
Dealing With Intricacy and Complexity in Behavior
Training for Observation
Revisit and Respond 8.2
Calculation of Inter-rater Reliability (IRR)
Acceptable Values for Inter-Rater Agreement
Revisit and Respond 8.3
Participant and Nonparticipant Observation and Overt/Covert Observation
Ethnography: Extended Observation
Try This Now 8.2
Issues in Ethnography: Gaining Access
Initial Ethnographic Tours
Preserving Information
Grounded Theory
Phenomenology
Focus Groups
Structure of the Focus Group Process
Try This Now 8.3
Interviews: Degrees of Structure
The Structured Interview
The Unstructured Interview
The Semistructured Interview
Training for Interviewers
Revisit and Respond 8.4
Recording or Not
Case Studies and Case Histories
Where Qualitative Meets Quantitative: Content Analysis
The Open-Ended Response
Summary of Steps in a Content Analysis
Content Categories and Statistics
Revisit and Respond 8.5
Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS)
Qualitative Research and the Emotional Self: A Final Consideration
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 9 Experimental Research: Between-Subjects Designs: Conceptual and Practical Considerations. Chapter highlights
Overview
Between-Subjects Designs: What Are They?
Characteristics of Between-Subjects Designs: Advantages and Disadvantages
Nomenclature Surrounding IVs
Revisit and Respond 9.1
Sensitivity of IV
Try This Now 9.1
Revisit and Respond 9.2
More on Power, Sample Size, and Power Calculations
Number of IVs and Interaction Effects
Revisit and Respond 9.3
Evaluating an Interaction by Hand
Try This Now 9.2
Revisit and Respond 9.4
Common Types of Between-Subjects Design
Randomized Groups Design
One IV (Factor), Two Levels: Independent Samples t Test
Expanding on the Number of Levels With One Independent Variable
One-Way Anova
Two-Factor Designs
A Word About Nomenclature
Matched Group Design
Revisit and Respond 9.5
Multiple Comparisons
Revisit and Respond 9.6
Handling Error Variance
How to Address Error Variance
Summary of Between-Subjects Design Considerations
Multiple Dependent Variables (DVs) in a Research Design
What Does a Significant MANOVA Indicate?
Mismatch Between MANOVA and ANOVA Findings
Restrictions to Using MANOVA
Revisit and Respond 9.7
Practical Considerations: Finding and Creating IVs (Scenarios, Visual Images, Movie Clips, Auditory Clips)
Existing Literature: Method Section
Text Scenarios
The Importance of Consistency
Try This Now 9.3
Visual Images: Manipulating an Image
Finding Images Online
Taking Your Own Photos
Photo/Video Release Form
Using Friends on Campus or at Work
Films
Auditory Clips
Try This Now 9.4
Revisit and Respond 9.8
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Project Update Form
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 10 Experimental Research: Within-Subjects, Mixed, and Pre–Post Designs: Conceptual and Practical Considerations. Chapter highlights
Overview
Characteristics of Within-Subjects Design: Advantages and Disadvantages
The Challenges of Carryover
Try This Now 10.1
External Validity in Within-Subjects Approaches
Subject Mortality
Revisit and Respond 10.1
Types of Research Questions More Commonly Asked in Within-Subjects Designs
Counterbalancing
Complete Counterbalancing
Partial Counterbalancing
Latin Square
Revisit and Respond 10.2
ABBA Order
Block Randomization
Revisit and Respond 10.3
Simple and Complex Within-Subjects Designs
Adding Complexity to Within-Subjects Designs
Try This Now 10.2
Try This Now 10.3
Within-Subjects MANOVA
Mixed Designs
Revisit and Respond 10.4
Pre–Post Designs: Characteristics
Try This Now 10.4
Types of Pre–Post Designs
Single-Group Pre–Post Design
Experimental-Control Pre–Post Design
Try This Now 10.5
Solomon Four-Group Design
Revisit and Respond 10.5
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 11 Recruiting Participants. Chapter highlights
Overview
Who Participates in Research: An Overview
Revisit and Respond 11.1
Try This Now 11.1
The Participant Pool: The Workhorse of Social Science Research
The Drawbacks to Participant Pools: Concerns About Internal Validity
Try This Now 11.2
Try This Now 11.3
Limits on the Number of Participants Available From Unpaid Participant Pools
Revisit and Respond 11.2
Keeping Track of Participants: Online Participant Management Systems
Practical Issues in Communicating About Recruiting
Study Labels
Study Length
Time of the Semester
Time of Day and Day of Week
Attrition or Experimental Mortality
Try This Now 11.4
Revisit and Respond 11.3
Research on Sensitive Topics and the Role of the IRB
Try This Now 11.5
Recruiting Off Campus
Using Your Personal Connections
Using Your Institution’s Connections
Bureaucracy
Vulnerable Populations in the Community
Physical Security Issues in Conducting Research Off Campus
Revisit and Respond 11.4
Service Learning Courses and Recruiting Participants: Opportunities and Complications
Try This Now 11.6
Conflicts of Interest and Multiple Relationships
Try This Now 11.7
Revisit and Respond 11.5
Dustin’s Dozen: Tips for Collecting Data in the Field
Identifying Information
Revisit and Respond 11.6
Other Sources of Participants: The Online Approach
Use of Social Media for Recruiting
Online Use of Adverts (Advertisements) Versus Snowball Samples
Ethical Issues in Online Environments: The Facebook Emotional Contagion Study
Try This Now 11.8
Revisit and Respond 11.7
Sampling
Probability and Nonprobability Samples
Nonprobability Samples: Snowball Samples and Convenience Samples
Revisit and Respond 11.8
Types of Probability Sampling
Random Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling
Proportionate Sampling
Systematic Sampling
Cluster Sampling
Revisit and Respond 11.9
Nonresponse Bias and Threats to Internal Validity
Try This Now 11.9
Nonresponse and Nonresponse Bias
Revisit and Respond 11.10
Response Rates and Reporting Them
Mode of Delivery
Incentives: Practical Issues
Perspectives on Financial Incentives
Revisit and Respond 11.11
Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk): The World Awaits
Questions of Validity in Using Amazon MTurk
Google Consumer Surveys
Revisit and Respond 11.12
Online Paid Panels
Revisit and Respond 11.13
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 12 Organizing Data and Analyzing Results. Chapter highlights
Overview
Paper and Online Surveys: An Overview
Try This Now 12.1
Revisit and Respond 12.1
The Importance of Labeling
Labeling in a Data File and Deciding on a Coding System
Deciding on a Coding System
Try This Now 12.2
Try This Now 12.3
Other Labeling Recommendations
Labeling Issues in Online Survey Software
Try This Now 12.4
Entering Individual Items Versus Item Totals
Try This Now 12.5
Revisit and Respond 12.2
Backing Up Data
Dealing With Missing Data: Differing Points of View
Listwise Deletion and Pairwise Deletion
Imputation
Revisit and Respond 12.3
Replacing Missing Data Through Single Value Imputation
Try This Now 12.6
Some Recommendations for Missing Data
Identifying Missing Data
Handling Out-of-Range Values
Handling Outliers
Revisit and Respond 12.4
Outliers and Opportunistic Bias
Revisit and Respond 12.5
Manipulation Checks
Going Fishing and Other Data Dredging Practices
Revisit and Respond 12.6
Ethics, Cleaning Up, and Reporting Your Data: Final Comments
Preliminary Analyses
Significance Levels and p Values: What Are They?
Try This Now 12.7
Revisit and Respond 12.7
Transforming and Selecting Data: Useful Commands in SPSS
The Compute Function
Compute Function Steps
Try This Now 12.8
Recode into Same Variables and Recode into Different Variables Commands
Try This Now 12.9
Try This Now 12.10
Using Recoded Values in Analyses
Select Cases Function
Revisit and Respond 12.8
Try This Now 12.11
Summary of Data Organization Steps
Evaluating Your Hypotheses: Where to Begin
Try This Now 12.12
Making Use of Free Response Items
Additional Aids: Online Calculators and Word Clouds
Other Statistical Software
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 13 Writing and Presenting Your Research. Chapter highlights
Overview
Writing: One Section at a Time
Writing: Avoiding Plagiarism
Mismanaging Your Time
Remedy
Careless Note-Taking (Not Crediting Sources for Direct Quotes)
Remedy
Too Many Direct Quotes
Remedy
Rephrasing (Paraphrasing) Too Closely
Failing to Give Adequate Credit for the Source of Your Ideas
Remedy
Try This Now 13.1
Writing: Bias-Free Language
The Writing Itself: Clear and Simple
Try This Now 13.2
The “Shape” of Your Paper
Title Page, Authorship, and Author Note
The Title of the Paper and Its Importance
The Abstract
Try This Now 13.3
Revisit and Respond 13.1
Content of the Abstract
Formatting the Abstract
The Introduction: Content
First Sentences
Try This Now 13.4
Approaches to Integrating the Literature
Revisit and Respond 13.2
Citing and Quoting From the Literature
Try This Now 13.5
Tense
Length of the Introduction
Revisit and Respond 13.3
The Introduction and Method: Centering, Bolding, and Page Sequencing
The Method Section
Research Design and Conditions
Participants
Measures/Materials/Instrumentation
Procedure: Sampling Procedures and Data Collection
Revisit and Respond 13.4
Writing About Results
Revisit and Respond 13.5
Writing About Results: The Specifics of What to Present
Transparency in Reporting
Text or Table? Not Both
Statistical Presentation in APA Style
Rounding Rules
Revisit and Respond 13.6
Discussion
Nonsignificant Results: What Can You Say?
Statistical Versus Practical Significance
Revisit and Respond 13.7
General Formatting Issues: Mastering APA Style
Running Heads and Page Numbers
Typeface and Right Margin
Presenting Numbers: The Short Story
Rules for et al. in Text
The Order of Citations Within Parentheses in Text
Try This Now 13.6
The References: Digital Object Identifiers and Other Matters of Presentation in the References
Advance Online Publication
Issue Pagination
Other Noteworthy Changes for References in the Seventh Edition
Common Grammatical Mistakes
Try This Now 13.7
Data Versus Datum
Missing Referents
Try This Now 13.8
Bias-Free Language
Avoid These Phrases
Pay Attention to Language That Signals Causality Versus Correlation
Revisit and Respond 13.8
Creating Conference Presentations
Paper Session Presentations
Guidelines for Fonts and Animations
Getting Ready to Present Your Work
Parts to the Presentation
Poster Presentations
Successful Posters
Revisit and Respond 13.9
Summary
Practice Quiz
Build Your Skills
Highly Recommended Papers
Appendices. Appendix A: Decision Tree for Statistical Analysis
Which Test for Which Research Question?
Sample as a whole. 1When you ask questions about your sample as a whole, you seek to understand the characteristics of the group
3A second category of question about the sample as a whole deals with relationships and strength of associations
4The second major category of research questions in the diagram relates to questions about group differences
Appendix B: Preparing an IRB Proposal
Appendix C: Sample Informed Consent Document
Why is This Research Being Done and What is Involved?
Do I Have to Participate?
What Are The Risks and Benefits?
Data Security
Who Can I Talk to If I Have Questions or Concerns?
Statement of Consent
Appendix D: Sample Debriefing Statement
Appendix E: Resource Guide to Commonly Used Measures
General Sources of Measures
Fees and Qualifications: General Note
Personality and Clinical Psychology. NEO-PI-3
NEO Five Factory Inventory-3
Big Five Inventory (BFI)
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES)
Moos Family Environment Scale (FES®)
Beck Depression Inventory-II
Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale, Form V (SSS-V)
Multiple Affect Adjective Check List® (MAACL-Revised)
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory® (STAI)
Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition™
Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF™) 5th ed
Hassles and Uplifts (HSUP)
Social Psychology. The Bem Sex Role Inventory® (BSRI)
Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (M-C SDS)
Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) Version 6—Form 40
Self-Efficacy Scale
Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SAD)
South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS)
Modern Racism Scale
Implicit Association Test (IAT)
Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS)
Kenyon’s Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory
University Residence Environment Scale (URES®)
Parental Authority Questionnaire
Core Alcohol and Drug Survey
Gender and Women’s Issues. Spence and Helmreich Attitude Toward Women (ATW)-Short Version
Body Esteem Scale
Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ)
Eating Disorder Inventory-3® (EDI-3)
Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)
Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26)
Photographic Figure Rating Scale
Menstrual Joy Questionnaire
Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ)
Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire (MAQ)
The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ)
Health Psychology
Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC)
Life Orientation Test (LOT)
Social Readjustment Rating Scale
Ways of Coping–Revised
COPE Inventory
McGill Pain Questionnaire
Measures in Behavioral Neuroscience
Appendix F: Commonly Used Analyze Functions in SPSS
Descriptive Statistics
Independent Samples t Test
Paired Samples t Test
One-Way ANOVA
Factorial ANOVA
MANOVA
Correlation
Simple Regression
Multiple Regression
Reliability Analysis
Factor Analysis
Appendix G: Scale Types and Associated Statistical Analyses for Common Research Approaches
A Summary
Appendix H: Answers to Practice Quizzes. Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Glossary
References
Index
