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Anthony R. West
Solid State Chemistry and its Applications
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Оглавление
Страница 1
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Solid State Chemistry and its Applications
Страница 8
Страница 9
Preface
Страница 11
Biography
Страница 13
Solid State Chemistry, an Overview of the Discipline: Chemistry – Solid State Chemistry – Materials Chemistry – Materials Science and Engineering
Materials chemistry
Synthesis – structure determination – physical properties – new materials.
Materials science
Processing and fabrication – characterisation – optimisation of properties and testing – improved/new materials for engineering applications in products or devices.
1 Crystal Structures, Crystal Chemistry, Symmetry and Space Groups
1.1 Unit Cells and Crystal Systems
1.2 Symmetry 1.2.1 Rotational symmetry; symmetry elements and operations
1.2.2 Quasicrystals
1.2.3 Mirror symmetry
1.2.4 Centre of symmetry and inversion axes
1.2.5 Point symmetry and space symmetry
1.3 Symmetry and Choice of Unit Cell
1.4 Lattice, Bravais Lattice
1.5 Lattice Planes and Miller Indices
1.6 Indices of Directions
1.7
d
‐Spacing Formulae
1.8 Crystal Densities and Unit Cell Contents
1.9 Description of Crystal Structures
1.10 Close Packed Structures – Cubic and Hexagonal Close Packing
1.11 Relationship Between Cubic Close Packed and Face Centred Cubic
1.12 Hexagonal Unit Cell and Close Packing
1.13 Density of Close Packed Structures
1.14 Unit Cell Projections and Atomic Coordinates
1.15 Materials that can be Described as Close Packed 1.15.1 Metals
1.15.2 Alloys
1.15.3 Ionic structures
1.15.3.1 Tetrahedral and octahedral sites
1.15.3.2 Relative sizes of tetrahedral and octahedral sites
1.15.3.3 Location of tetrahedral and octahedral sites in an fcc unit cell; bond length calculations
1.15.3.4 Description of crystal structures; fractional atomic coordinates
1.15.4 Covalent network structures
1.15.5 Molecular structures
1.15.6 Fullerenes and fullerides
1.16 Structures Built of Space‐Filling Polyhedra
1.17 Some Important Structure Types 1.17.1 Rock salt (NaCl), zinc blende or sphalerite (ZnS), fluorite (CaF
2
), antifluorite (Na
2
O)
1.17.1.1 Rock salt structure
1.17.1.2 Zinc blende (sphalerite) structure
1.17.1.3 Antifluorite/fluorite structure
1.17.1.4 Cuprite structure, Cu2O
1.17.1.5 Bond length calculations
1.17.2 Diamond
1.17.3 Wurtzite (ZnS) and nickel arsenide (NiAs)
1.17.4 Caesium chloride (CsCl)
1.17.5 Other AX structures
1.17.6 Rutile (TiO
2
), cadmium iodide (CdI
2
), cadmium chloride (CdCl
2
) and caesium oxide (Cs
2
O)
1.17.7 Perovskite
1.17.7.1 Tolerance factor
1.17.7.2 BaTiO3
1.17.7.3 Tilted perovskites: Glazer notation
1.17.7.4 CaCu3Ti4O12, CCTO
1.17.7.5 Anion‐deficient perovskites
1.17.7.6 Stoichiometry–property relations
1.17.7.7 Cation‐ordered perovskites
1.17.7.8 Hybrid organic–inorganic halide perovskites
1.17.7.9 Anti‐perovskites
1.17.7.10 Mixed anion perovskites: oxynitrides and oxyfluorides
1.17.7.11 Hexagonal perovskites
1.17.8 Rhenium trioxide (ReO
3
), perovskite tungsten bronzes, tetragonal tungsten bronzes and tunnel structures
1.17.9 Spinel
1.17.10 Olivine
1.17.11 Corundum, ilmenite and LiNbO
3
1.17.12 Fluorite‐related structures, pyrochlore, weberite and rare earth sesquioxides
1.17.13 Garnet
1.17.14 Perovskite‐rock salt intergrowth structures: K
2
NiF
4
, Ruddlesden–Popper, Aurivillius and Dion Jacobsen phases and layered cuprate superconductors
1.17.15 The aluminium diboride structure (AlB
2
)
1.17.16 Silicate structures – some tips to understanding them
1.18 Point Groups and Space Groups
1.18.1 Point groups
1.18.2 Stereographic projections and equivalent positions
1.18.3 Point symmetry of molecules: general and special positions
1.18.4 Centrosymmetric and non‐centrosymmetric point groups
1.18.5 Space groups
1.18.5.1 Triclinic P
1.18.5.2 Monoclinic C2
1.18.5.3 Monoclinic C2/m
1.18.5.4 Orthorhombic P2221
1.18.5.5 Orthorhombic F222
1.18.5.6 Tetragonal I41
1.18.6 Space groups and crystal structures
1.18.6.1 The perovskite structure, SrTiO3
1.18.6.2 The rutile structure, TiO2
1.18.7 Systematic absences in diffraction patterns and space groups
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