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Latin for Beginners
Table of Contents
PREFACE
Part I is devoted to pronunciation, quantity, accent, and kindred introductory essentials. Part II carries the work through the first sixty lessons, and is devoted to the study of forms and vocabulary, together with some elementary constructions, a knowledge of which is necessary for the translation of the exercises and reading matter. The first few lessons have been made unusually simple, to meet the wants of pupils not well grounded in English grammar. Part III contains nineteen lessons, and is concerned primarily with the study of syntax and of subjunctive and irregular verb forms. The last three of these lessons constitute a review of all the constructions presented in the book. There is abundant easy reading matter; and, in order to secure proper concentration of effort upon syntax and translation, no new vocabularies are introduced, but the vocabularies in Part II are reviewed
BENJAMIN L. D’OOGE. MICHIGAN STATE NORMAL COLLEGE. LATIN FOR BEGINNERS
TO THE STUDENT—BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION
PART I. THE PRONUNCIATION OF LATIN
THE ALPHABET
SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS[1]
VOWELS[2] LATIN EXAMPLES
DIPHTHONGS LATIN EXAMPLES
CONSONANTS LATIN EXAMPLES
SYLLABLES
«10.» EXERCISE
QUANTITY
ACCENT
HOW TO READ LATIN
EXCELSIOR [[HIGHER]]! [6]
PART II
WORDS AND FORMS. LESSON I. FIRST PRINCIPLES
LESSON II
«31.» EXERCISES
LESSON III
«34.» EXERCISE
LESSON IV
«39.» EXERCISES
«40.» CONVERSATION
LESSON V
«47.» EXERCISES
LESSON VI
«56.» DIALOGUE. JULIA AND GALBA
LESSON VII. THE FIRST OR Ā-DECLENSION
«62.» EXERCISES
«63.» CONVERSATION
LESSON VIII
«69.» EXERCISE
LESSON IX. THE SECOND OR O-DECLENSION
«77.» DIALOGUE. GALBA AND MARCUS
«78.» CONVERSATION
LESSON X
«82.» EXERCISES
LESSON XI. ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS
«86.» EXERCISES
LESSON XII. NOUNS IN -IUS AND -IUM
«90.» EXERCISES
GERMĀNIA
LESSON XIII
«95.» ITALIA[1]
«96.» DIALOGUE. MARCUS AND CORNELIUS
LESSON XIV. THE POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE PRONOUNS
«99.» EXERCISES
LESSON XV. THE ABLATIVE DENOTING WITH
«107.» EXERCISES
LESSON XVI. THE NINE IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES
«109.» PARADIGMS
THE PLURAL IS REGULAR
EXAMPLES
«111.» EXERCISES
LESSON XVII. THE DEMONSTRATIVE IS, EA, ID
EXAMPLES
«117.» EXERCISES
«118.» DIALOGUE[1] CORNELIUS AND MARCUS
LESSON XVIII. «CONJUGATION» THE PRESENT, IMPERFECT, AND FUTURE TENSES OF «SUM»
«124.» DIALOGUE. THE BOYS SEXTUS AND MARCUS
«125.» EXERCISE
LESSON XIX. THE FOUR REGULAR CONJUGATIONS PRESENT ACTIVE INDICATIVE OF AMŌ AND MONEŌ
«131.» EXERCISES
LESSON XX. IMPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE OF AMŌ AND MONEŌ
«135.» EXERCISES
«136.» NI´OBE AND HER CHILDREN
LESSON XXI. FUTURE ACTIVE INDICATIVE OF AMŌ AND MONEŌ
«139.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXII. REVIEW OF VERBS · THE DATIVE WITH ADJECTIVES
«145.» EXERCISES
«146.» CORNELIA AND HER JEWELS
LESSON XXIII. PRESENT ACTIVE INDICATIVE OF REGŌ AND AUDIŌ
INDICATIVE PRESENT INFINITIVE PRESENT
«149.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXIV. IMPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE OF REGŌ AND AUDIŌ THE DATIVE WITH SPECIAL INTRANSITIVE VERBS «151.» PARADIGMS
«152.» EXERCISES
«155.» EXERCISE
LESSON XXV. FUTURE ACTIVE INDICATIVE OF REGŌ AND AUDIŌ
«157.» PARADIGMS
«158.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXVI. VERBS IN -IŌ OF THE THIRD CONJUGATION · THE IMPERATIVE MOOD
«162.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXVII. THE PASSIVE VOICE PRESENT, IMPERFECT, AND FUTURE INDICATIVE OF AMŌ AND MONEŌ
«165.» PARADIGMS
«167.» EXERCISES
«168.» PER´SEUS AND ANDROM´EDA
LESSON XXVIII. PRESENT, IMPERFECT, AND FUTURE INDICATIVE PASSIVE OF REGŌ AND AUDIŌ
«170.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXIX. PRESENT, IMPERFECT, AND FUTURE INDICATIVE PASSIVE OF -IŌ VERBS PRESENT PASSIVE INFINITIVE AND IMPERATIVE
CONJ. PRES. PRES. INFINITIVE PRES. INFINITIVE STEM ACTIVE PASSIVE
«176.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXX. SYNOPSES IN THE FOUR CONJUGATIONS · THE ABLATIVE DENOTING FROM
«182.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXXI. PERFECT, PLUPERFECT, AND FUTURE PERFECT OF SUM
THE PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE THE PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE (ENGLISH PAST PERFECT) THE FUTURE PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE
«188.» DIALOGUE. THE BOYS TITUS, MARCUS, AND QUINTUS
«189.» EXERCISE
LESSON XXXII. THE PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE OF THE FOUR REGULAR CONJUGATIONS
LESSON XXXIII. PLUPERFECT AND FUTURE PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE PERFECT ACTIVE INFINITIVE
«196.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXXIV. REVIEW OF THE ACTIVE VOICE
PRES. INDIC. PRES. INFIN. PERF. INDIC
LESSON XXXV. THE PASSIVE PERFECTS OF THE INDICATIVE THE PERFECT PASSIVE AND FUTURE ACTIVE INFINITIVE
«207.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXXVI. REVIEW OF PRINCIPAL PARTS · PREPOSITIONS YES-OR-NO QUESTIONS
IRREGULAR VERBS
CONJUGATION I
CONJUGATION II
CONJUGATION III
CONJUGATION IV
«211.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXXVII. CONJUGATION OF POSSUM · THE INFINITIVE USED AS IN ENGLISH
«217.» EXERCISES
«218.» THE FAITHLESS TARPE´IA
LESSON XXXVIII. THE RELATIVE PRONOUN AND THE INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN
«228.» EXERCISES
LESSON XXXIX. THE THIRD DECLENSION · CONSONANT STEMS
CLASS I
«234.» EXERCISES
LESSON XL
CLASS II
«236.» PARADIGMS. MASCULINES AND FEMININES
«237.» EXERCISES
LESSON XLI
«239.» EXERCISES
LESSON XLII. REVIEW LESSON
TERROR CIMBRICUS[1]
LESSON XLIII. THE THIRD DECLENSION · I-STEMS
«245.» EXERCISES
LESSON XLIV. IRREGULAR NOUNS OF THE THIRD DECLENSION · GENDER IN THE THIRD DECLENSION
«246.» PARADIGMS
«249.» EXERCISES
LESSON XLV. ADJECTIVES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION · I-STEMS
CLASS I
CLASS II
CLASS III
«258.» EXERCISES
LESSON XLVI. THE FOURTH OR U-DECLENSION
PARADIGMS
«261.» EXERCISES
LESSON XLVII. EXPRESSIONS OF PLACE · THE DECLENSION OF DOMUS
«270.» EXERCISES
«271.» DAED´ALUS AND IC´ARUS
LESSON XLVIII. THE FIFTH OR Ē-DECLENSION · THE ABLATIVE OF TIME
«273.» PARADIGMS
«276.» EXERCISES
LESSON XLIX. PRONOUNS CLASSIFIED · PERSONAL AND REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
«283.» EXERCISES
LESSON L. THE INTENSIVE PRONOUN IPSE AND THE DEMONSTRATIVE ĪDEM
«288.» EXERCISES
«289.» HOW HORATIUS HELD THE BRIDGE[4]
LESSON LI. THE DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS HIC, ISTE, ILLE
«293.» «MODEL SENTENCES»
«294.» EXERCISES
LESSON LII. THE INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
«298.» EXERCISES
LESSON LIII. REGULAR COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
«306.» EXERCISES
LESSON LIV. IRREGULAR COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES THE ABLATIVE WITH COMPARATIVES WITHOUT QUAM
«310.» EXERCISES
LESSON LV
«314.» EXERCISES
LESSON LVI
EXAMPLES
«318.» EXERCISES
LESSON LVII. FORMATION AND COMPARISON OF ADVERBS
«326.» EXERCISES
LESSON LVIII. NUMERALS · THE PARTITIVE GENITIVE
EXAMPLES:
LESSON LIX
«337.» EXERCISES
LESSON LX. DEPONENT VERBS
«340.» PREPOSITIONS WITH THE ACCUSATIVE
«341.» EXERCISES
PART III
CONSTRUCTIONS. INTRODUCTORY NOTE
LESSON LXI. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
PRESENT } IMPERFECT } ACTIVE AND PASSIVE PERFECT } PLUPERFECT }
INDICATIVE IDEAS SUBJUNCTIVE IDEAS
«347.» EXERCISE
LESSON LXII. THE SUBJUNCTIVE OF PURPOSE
«351.» EXAMPLES
«353.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXIII. INFLECTION OF THE IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE THE SEQUENCE OF TENSES
«357.» TABLE FOR SEQUENCE OF TENSES
«359.» EXAMPLES
«360.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXIV. THE PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE SUBSTANTIVE CLAUSES OF PURPOSE
EXAMPLES
«368.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXV. THE SUBJUNCTIVE OF POSSUM · VERBS OF FEARING
«371.» EXAMPLES
«373.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXVI. THE PARTICIPLES
«378.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXVII. THE IRREGULAR VERBS VOLŌ, NŌLŌ, MĀLŌ THE ABLATIVE WITH A PARTICIPLE, OR ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE
«382.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXVIII. THE IRREGULAR VERB FĪŌ · THE SUBJUNCTIVE OF RESULT
«388.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXIX. THE SUBJUNCTIVE OF CHARACTERISTIC OR DESCRIPTION THE PREDICATE ACCUSATIVE
«394.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXX. THE CONSTRUCTIONS WITH THE CONJUNCTION CUM THE ABLATIVE OF SPECIFICATION
«399.» IDIOMS
«400.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXI. VOCABULARY REVIEW · THE GERUND AND GERUNDIVE · THE PREDICATE GENITIVE
PARADIGM OF THE GERUND
«410.» IDIOMS
«411.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXII. THE IRREGULAR VERB EŌ · INDIRECT STATEMENTS
«422.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXIII. VOCABULARY REVIEW · THE IRREGULAR VERB FERŌ THE DATIVE WITH COMPOUNDS
«427.» IDIOMS
«428.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXIV. VOCABULARY REVIEW · THE SUBJUNCTIVE IN INDIRECT QUESTIONS
DIRECT INDIRECT
«433.» IDIOMS
«434.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXV. VOCABULARY REVIEW · THE DATIVE OF PURPOSE, OR END FOR WHICH
«438.» IDIOMS
«439.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXVI. VOCABULARY REVIEW · THE GENITIVE AND ABLATIVE OF QUALITY OR DESCRIPTION
«442.» EXAMPLES
«446.» IDIOMS
«447.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXVII. REVIEW OF AGREEMENT, AND OF THE GENITIVE, DATIVE, AND ACCUSATIVE
«452.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXVIII. REVIEW OF THE ABLATIVE
«454.» EXERCISES
LESSON LXXIX. REVIEW OF THE GERUND AND GERUNDIVE, THE INFINITIVE, AND THE SUBJUNCTIVE
«459.» EXERCISES
READING MATTER
INTRODUCTORY SUGGESTIONS
THE LABORS OF HERCULES
LIII.[1] THE INFANT HERCULES AND THE SERPENTS
LIV. HERCULES CONQUERS THE MINYÆ
LV. HERCULES BECOMES SUBJECT TO EURYSTHEUS[1] · HE STRANGLES THE NEME´AN LION
LVI. SLAYING THE LERNE´AN HYDRA
LVII. THE ARCADIAN STAG AND THE ERYMANTHIAN BOAR
LVIII. HERCULES CLEANS THE AUGE´AN STABLES AND KILLS THE STYMPHALIAN BIRDS
LIX. HERCULES CAPTURES THE CRETAN BULL AND CARRIES HIM LIVING TO EURYSTHEUS
LX. THE BELT OF HIPPOL´YTE, QUEEN OF THE AMAZONS
THE DESCENT TO HADES AND THE DOG CER´BERUS
P. CORNELIUS LENTULUS: THE STORY OF A ROMAN BOY[1] LXI. PUBLIUS IS BORN NEAR POMPE´II
LXII. HIS LIFE ON THE FARM
LXIII. MARCUS LENTULUS, THE FATHER OF PUBLIUS, IS SHIPWRECKED · JULIA RECEIVES A LETTER FROM HIM
LXIV. LENTULUS REACHES HOME · PUBLIUS VISITS POMPEII WITH HIS FATHER
LXV. A DAY AT POMPEII
LXVI. LENTULUS ENGAGES A TUTOR FOR HIS SON
SCENE IN SCHOOL · AN EXERCISE IN COMPOSITION
LXVII. PUBLIUS GOES TO ROME TO FINISH HIS EDUCATION
LXVIII. PUBLIUS PUTS ON THE TOGA VIRILIS
LXIX. PUBLIUS JOINS CÆSAR’S ARMY IN GAUL
HOW THE ROMANS MARCHED AND CAMPED
LXX. THE RIVAL CENTURIONS
LXXI. THE ENEMY BESIEGING THE CAMP ARE REPULSED
LXXII. PUBLIUS GOES TO GERMANY · ITS GREAT FORESTS AND STRANGE ANIMALS
LXXIII. THE STORMING OF A CITY
LXXIV. THE CITY IS TAKEN · THE CAPTIVES ARE QUESTIONED
LXXV. CIVIL WAR BREAKS OUT BETWEEN CÆSAR AND POMPEY THE BATTLE OF PHARSALIA
LXXVI. THE TRIUMPH OF CAESAR
APPENDIX I
DECLENSIONS, CONJUGATIONS, NUMERALS, ETC. NOUNS
«461.» FIRST DECLENSION. Ā-STEMS
«462.» SECOND DECLENSION. O-STEMS
«463.» THIRD DECLENSION. CLASSIFICATION
«464.» I. CONSONANT STEMS
«465.» II.;I-STEMS
«466.» THE FOURTH DECLENSION.;U-STEMS
«467.» THE FIFTH DECLENSION.;Ē-STEMS
«468.» SPECIAL PARADIGMS
ADJECTIVES «469.» FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS.;O- AND;Ā-STEMS
«470.» THE NINE IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES
«471.» ADJECTIVES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION.;I-STEMS. I. THREE ENDINGS
II. TWO ENDINGS
III. ONE ENDING
«472.» PRESENT ACTIVE PARTICIPLES
«473.» REGULAR COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
«474.» DECLENSION OF COMPARATIVES
«475.» IRREGULAR COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
«476.» REGULAR COMPARISON OF ADVERBS
«477.» IRREGULAR COMPARISON OF ADVERBS
«478.» NUMERALS
PRONOUNS «480.» PERSONAL
«481.» DEMONSTRATIVE
«482.» RELATIVE
«483.» INTERROGATIVE
«484.» INDEFINITES
REGULAR VERBS «488.» FIRST CONJUGATION.;Ā-VERBS.;AMŌ
«489.» SECOND CONJUGATION.;Ē-VERBS.;MONEŌ
«490.» THIRD CONJUGATION.;Ĕ-VERBS.;REGŌ
«491.» FOURTH CONJUGATION.;Ī-VERBS.;AUDIŌ
«492.» THIRD CONJUGATION. VERBS IN -IŌ. CAPIŌ
«493.» DEPONENT VERBS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
IRREGULAR VERBS
APPENDIX II
«501.» RULES OF SYNTAX
APPENDIX III. REVIEWS[1]
I. REVIEW OF VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR THROUGH LESSON VIII
II. REVIEW OF LESSONS IX-XVII
III. REVIEW OF LESSONS XVIII-XXVI
IV. REVIEW OF LESSONS XXVII-XXXVI
V. REVIEW OF LESSONS XXXVII-XLIV
VI. REVIEW OF LESSONS XLV-LII
VII. REVIEW OF LESSONS LIII-LX
VIII. REVIEW OF LESSONS LXI-LXIX
SPECIAL VOCABULARIES
LESSON IV, §39
LESSON V, §47
LESSON VI, §56
LESSON VII, §62
LESSON VIII, §69
LESSON IX, §77
LESSON X, §82
LESSON XI, §86
LESSON XII, §90
LESSON XIII, §95
LESSON XIV, §99
LESSON XV, §107
LESSON XVII, §117
LESSON XVIII, §124
LESSON XX, §136
LESSON XXI, §140
LESSON XXII, §146
LESSON XXVII, §168
LESSON XXVIII, §171
LESSON XXIX, §176
LESSON XXX, §182
LESSON XXXI, §188
LESSON XXXII, §193
LESSON XXXIV, §200
LESSON XXXVI, §211
LESSON XXXVII, §217
LESSON XXXIX, §234
LESSON XL, §237
LESSON XLI, §239
LESSON XLIII, §245
LESSON XLIV, §249
LESSON XLV, §258
LESSON XLVI, §261
LESSON XLVII, §270
LESSON XLVIII, §276
LESSON XLIX, §283
LESSON L, §288
LESSON LI, §294
LESSON LII, §298
LESSON LIII, §306
LESSON LIV, §310
LESSON LV, §314
LESSON LVI, §318
LESSON LVII, §326
LESSON LVIII, §332
LESSON LIX, §337
LESSON LX, §341
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY
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ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY
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INDEX
Benjamin L. D'Ooge
Cover image: Calligraphy in a Latin Bible of AD 1407 on display in Malmesbury Abbey, Wiltshire, England. The Bible was hand written in Belgium, by Gerard Brils, for reading aloud in a monastery. Photograph taken by Adrian Pingstone in February 2005 and released to the public domain.
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Excelsior!
Iacet corpus exanimum
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