Building Genre Knowledge

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Christine Tardy. Building Genre Knowledge

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Second Language Writing

Series Editor, Paul Kei Matsuda

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I use the term formal knowledge to refer to the more structural elements of genre—the genre’s prototypical form(s), discourse or lexico-grammatical conventions of the genre, the contents or structural moves that are common to the genre, and the various modes and media through which the genre may be communicated. This knowledge focuses on the textual instantiation of the genre, in either oral or written form. Knowledge of a genre’s contents or modality is used here to refer to a relatively “arhetorical” understanding based primarily on knowledge of conventionalized form rather than a focus on the rhetorical context. Formal knowledge also includes knowledge of linguistic code—an issue that is of special relevance to those writing in their second language or dialect.

Process knowledge refers to all of the procedural practices associated with the genre—that is, how a genre is carried out. Such knowledge would encompass the process(es) that users of the genre go through in order to complete their intended action, such as the oral interactions that might facilitate effective reception of a genre or the actual composing processes that aid the writer in text completion. Process knowledge also encompasses an understanding of the distribution of the genre to its audience and the reading practices of the receivers of the genre. Finally, process knowledge includes knowledge of the larger genre network and a grasp of how the networked genres work together in chains, sets, or systems.

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