The Tao of Statistics
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Dana K. Keller. The Tao of Statistics
The Tao of Statistics
The Tao of Statistics
Contents
Acknowledgments
About the Illustrator
About the Author
Introduction to the Second Edition
1. The Beginning — The Question
2. Ambiguity—Statistics
3. Fodder—Data
4. Data—Measurement
5. Data Structure—Levels of Measurement
5.A. Nominal
5.B. Ordinal
5.C. Interval
5.D. Ratio
6. Simplifying—Groups and Clusters
7. Counts—Frequencies
8. Pictures—Graphs
9. Scatterings—Distributions
10. Bell-Shaped—The Normal Curve
11. Lopsidedness—Skewness
12. Averages—Central Tendencies
12.A. Mean
12.B. Median
12.C. Mode
13. Two Types—Descriptive and Inferential
14. Foundations—Assumptions
15. Murkiness—Missing Data
16. Leeway—Robustness
17. Consistency—Reliability
18. Truth—Validity
19. Unpredictability—Randomness
20. Representativeness—Samples
21. Mistakes—Error
22. Real or Not—Outliers
23. Impediments—Confounds
24. Nuisances—Covariates
25. Background—Independent Variables
26. Targets—Dependent Variables
27. Inequality—Standard Deviations and Variance
28. Prove—No, Falsify
29. No Difference—The Null Hypothesis
30. Reductionism—Models
31. Risk—Probability
32. Uncertainty—p Values
33. Expectations—Chi-Square
34. Importance vs. Difference—Substantive vs. Statistical Significance
35. Strength—Power
36. Impact—Effect Sizes
37. Likely Range—Confidence Intervals
38. Association—Correlation
39. Predictions—Multiple Regression
40. Abundance—Multivariate Analysis
41. Differences—t Tests and Analysis of Variance
41.A. ANOVA
41.B. ANCOVA
41.C. MANOVA
41.D. MANCOVA
42. Differences That Matter—Discriminant Analysis
43. Both Sides Loaded—Canonical Covariance Analysis
44. Nesting—Hierarchical Models
45. Cohesion—Factor Analysis
46. Ordered Events—Path Analysis
47. Digging Deeper—Structural Equation Models
48. Abundance—Big Data
49. Scarcity—Small Data
50. Fiddling—Modifications and New Techniques
51. Epilogue
Отрывок из книги
Second Edition
Second Edition
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This journey is about living a series of experiences, their impressions, and sometimes even their emotions. These experiences lead to a deeper understanding of the world of statistics as we follow the paths of two research-oriented professionals with different careers as they experience the statistical concepts presented herein. Try to experience the concepts with them. Stroll down the path together. Before beginning, though, a few thoughts on statistics themselves might be helpful.
This journey is best experienced in comfortable clothing, in a favorite chair, and in a quiet space.
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