Postcards from Auschwitz

Postcards from Auschwitz
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The uneasy link between tourism and collective memory at Holocaust museums and memorials Each year, millions of people visit Holocaust memorials and museums, with the number of tourists steadily on the rise. What lies behind the phenomenon of «Holocaust tourism» and what role do its participants play in shaping how we remember and think about the Holocaust? In Postcards from Auschwitz, Daniel P. Reynolds argues that tourism to former concentration camps, ghettos, and other places associated with the Nazi genocide of European Jewry has become an increasingly vital component in the evolving collective remembrance of the Holocaust. Responding to the tendency to dismiss tourism as commercial, superficial, or voyeuristic, Reynolds insists that we take a closer look at a phenomenon that has global reach, takes many forms, and serves many interests. The book focuses on some of the most prominent sites of mass murder in Europe, and then expands outward to more recent memorial museums. Reynolds provides a historically-informed account of the different forces that have shaped Holocaust tourism since 1945, including Cold War politics, the sudden emergence of the «memory boom» beginning in the 1980s, and the awareness that eyewitnesses to the Holocaust are passing away. Based on his on-site explorations, the contributions from researchers in Holocaust studies and tourism studies, and the observations of tourists themselves, this book reveals how tourism is an important part of efforts to understand and remember the Holocaust, an event that continues to challenge ideals about humanity and our capacity to learn from the past.

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Daniel P. Reynolds. Postcards from Auschwitz

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POSTCARDS FROM AUSCHWITZ

Holocaust Tourism and the Meaning of Remembrance

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Ultimately, Holocaust tourism represents the emergence of an evolving way of grasping human experience that can range from the simplistic to the sophisticated. By examining the phenomenon, perhaps it is not too crass to hope that Holocaust tourism can continue to confront the full range of human capabilities, from the brutal to the noble.

While I would not wish to ignore Young’s concern about memory as the camps preserve it, I would point out that tourism to Auschwitz has proven perfectly capable of accommodating different ideologies that do not resign themselves to a view of Auschwitz as the last word on the victims. The history of tour groups to Auschwitz and the tensions over the site’s message remind us that memorialization is a process, that the apparent fixity of place can often give the illusion that history itself is somehow static, rather than a process of continual discovery. Indeed, Young himself acknowledges the ability of memorials to adapt.58 The fact that different tourists at different times have encountered different incarnations of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum should remind us that tourism is a fluid enterprise, an evolving encounter with places and events that respond to changing contexts. The danger in tourism is that the visitor may not be informed of these changes and may entertain the illusion that the place is unchanged since the event it commemorates. The museum staff therefore has an obligation to inform its visitors not only about the development of Auschwitz from a concentration camp to an extermination camp but also about its continual development as a memorial.

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