Zoonomia - The Laws of Organic Life (Vol. 1&2)

Zoonomia - The Laws of Organic Life (Vol. 1&2)
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Zoonomia; or the Laws of Organic Life is a two-volume medical work by Erasmus Darwin dealing with pathology, anatomy, psychology, and the functioning of the body. Its primary framework is one of associationist psychophysiology. The book is famous for its early ideas relating to the theory of evolution, specifically forms of developmentalism similar to Lamarckism. The first volume is divided into 40 sections, on a range of topics related to the body, the senses, and disease. He classifies bodily and sensory motions as «irritative,» «sensitive,» «voluntary,» and «associative.» He presents theories on the production and classes of ideas, and seeks to explain the causes and mechanisms of sleep, reverie, vertigo, and drunkenness. He then discusses anatomy, especially the operation of the circulatory system and various glands. The second volume, published in 1796, is focused on classifying diseases into classes, orders, and genera. The book is divided into four major sections, based on his four classes of disease: diseases of irritation, sensation, volition, and association.

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Darwin Erasmus. Zoonomia - The Laws of Organic Life (Vol. 1&2)

Zoonomia - The Laws of Organic Life (Vol. 1&2)

Table of Contents

Volume 1

Table of Contents

PREFACE

Part I

SECT. I. OF MOTION

SECT. II. EXPLANATIONS AND DEFINITIONS

SECT. III. THE MOTIONS OF THE RETINA DEMONSTRATED BY EXPERIMENTS

SECT. IV. LAWS OF ANIMAL CAUSATION

SECT. V. OF THE FOUR FACULTIES OR MOTIONS OF THE SENSORIUM

SECT. VI. OF THE FOUR CLASSES OF FIBROUS MOTIONS

SECT. VII. OF IRRITATIVE MOTIONS

SECT. VIII. OF SENSITIVE MOTIONS

SECT. IX. OF VOLUNTARY MOTIONS

SECT. X. OF ASSOCIATE MOTIONS

SECT. XI. ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE SENSORIAL POWERS

SECT. XII. OF STIMULUS, SENSORIAL EXERTION, AND FIBROUS CONTRACTION

SECT. XIII. OF VEGETABLE ANIMATION

SECT. XIV. OF THE PRODUCTION OF IDEAS

SECT. XV. OF THE CLASSES OF IDEAS

SECT. XVI. OF INSTINCT

SECT. XVII. THE CATENATION OF MOTIONS

SECT. XVIII. OF SLEEP

SECT. XIX. OF REVERIE

SECT. XX. OF VERTIGO

SECT. XXI. OF DRUNKENNESS

SECT. XXII. OF PROPENSITY TO MOTION, REPETITION AND IMITATION

SECT. XXIII. OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

SECT. XXIV. OF THE SECRETIONS OF SALIVA, AND OF TEARS, AND OF THE LACRYMAL SACK

SECT. XXV. OF THE STOMACH AND INTESTINES

SECT. XXVI. OF THE CAPILLARY GLANDS AND MEMBRANES

SECT. XXVII. OF HÆMORRHAGES

SECT. XXVIII. OF THE PARALYSIS OF THE ABSORBENT SYSTEM

SECT. XXIX. ON THE RETROGRADE MOTIONS OF THE ABSORBENT SYSTEM

SECT. XXX. PARALYSIS OF THE LIVER AND KIDNEYS

SECT. XXXI. OF TEMPERAMENTS

SECT. XXXII. DISEASES OF IRRITATION

SECT. XXXIII. DISEASES OF SENSATION

SECT. XXXIV. DISEASES OF VOLITION

SECT. XXXV. DISEASES OF ASSOCIATION

SECT. XXXVI. OF THE PERIODS OF DISEASES

SECT. XXXVII. OF DIGESTION, SECRETION, NUTRITION

SECT. XXXVIII. OF THE OXYGENATION OF THE BLOOD IN THE LUNGS, AND IN THE PLACENTA

SECT. XXXIX. OF GENERATION

SECT. XL

Volume 2

Table of Contents

PREFACE

Part II

CLASSES OF DISEASES

The Orders and Genera of the First Class of Diseases

The Orders, Genera, and Species, of the First Class of Diseases

CLASS I. DISEASES OF IRRITATION

ORDO I. Increased Irritation

GENUS I. With increased Actions of the Sanguiferous System

GENUS II. With increased Actions of the Secerning System

GENUS III. With increased Actions of the Absorbent System

GENUS IV. With increased Actions of other Cavities and Membranes

GENUS V. With Increased Actions of the Organs of Sense

ORDO II. Decreased Irritation

GENUS I. With decreased Action of the Sanguiferous System

GENUS II. Decreased Action of the Secerning System

GENUS III. The Decreased Action of the Absorbent System

GENUS IV. With Decreased Actions of other Cavities and Membranes

GENUS V. Decreased Action of the Organs of Sense

ORDO III. Retrograde Irritative Motions

GENUS I. Of the Alimentary Canal

GENUS II. Of the Absorbent System

GENUS III. Of the Sanguiferous System

The Orders and Genera of the Second Class of Diseases

The Orders, Genera, and Species, of the Second Class Of Diseases

CLASS II. DISEASES OF SENSATION

ORDO I. Increased Sensation

GENUS I. With Increased Action of the Muscles

GENUS II. With the Production of new Vessels by internal Membranes or Glands, with Fever

GENUS III. With the Production of new Vessels by external Membranes or Glands with Fever

GENUS IV. With the Production of new Vessels by internal Membranes or Glands, without Fever

GENUS V. With the Production of new Vessels by external Membranes or Glands, without Fever

GENUS VI. With Fever consequent to the Production of new Vessels or Fluids

GENUS VII. With increased Action of the Organs of Sense

ORDO II. Decreased Sensation

GENUS I. Of the General System

GENUS II. Of Particular Organs

ORDO III. Retrograde Sensitive Motions

GENUS I. Of Excretory Ducts

The Orders and Genera of the Third Class of Diseases

The Orders, Genera, and Species, of the Third Class of Diseases

CLASS III. DISEASES OF VOLITION

ORDO I. Increased Volition

GENUS I. Increased Actions of the Muscles

GENUS II. With increased Actions of the Organs of Sense

ORDO II. Decreased Volition

GENUS I. With decreased Actions of the Muscles

GENUS II. With decreased Actions of the Organs of Sense

The Orders and Genera of the Fourth Class of Diseases

The Orders, Genera, and Species, of the Fourth Class of Diseases

CLASS IV. DISEASES OF ASSOCIATION

ORDO I. Increased Associate Motions

GENUS I. Catenated with Irritative Motion

GENUS II. Catenated with Sensitive Motions

GENUS III. Catenated with Voluntary Motions

GENUS IV. Catenated with External Influences

ORDO II. Decreased Associate Motions

GENUS I. Catenated with Irritative Motions

GENUS II. Catenated with Sensitive Motions

GENUS III. Catenated with Voluntary Motions

GENUS IV. Catenated with External Influences

ORDO III. Retrograde Associate Motions

GENUS I. Catenated with Irritative Motions

GENUS II. Catenated with Sensitive Motions

GENUS III. Catenated with Voluntary Motions

GENUS. IV. Catenated with External Influences

SUPPLEMENT TO CLASS IV

ADDITIONS

ADDITION I

ADDITION II

ADDITION III. On Vertigo

ADDITION IV. Of Voluntary Motions

ADDITION V. Of Figure

ADDITION VI

ADDITION VII. On Warmth

ADDITION VIII. Puerperal Fever

ZOONOMIÆ AUCTORI

ZOONOMIA; OR, THE LAWS OF ORGANIC LIFE

Part III. CONTAINING. THE ARTICLES OF THE MATERIA MEDICA, WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE. OPERATION OF MEDICINES

PREFACE

ARTICLES OF THE MATERIA MEDICA

Art. I. NUTRIENTIA

Art. II. INCITANTIA

Art. III. SECERNENTIA

Art. IV. SORBENTIA

ART. V. INVERTENTIA

ART. VI. REVERTENTIA

Art. VII. TORPENTIA

ADDENDA

ADDITION

INABILITY TO EMPTY THE BLADDER

LINES TO BE PLACED AT THE END OF ZOONOMIA. BY A FRIEND

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Erasmus Darwin

Published by

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4. Excite into greater action some other part of the system, by which means the spirit of animation may be in part expended, and thence the inordinate actions of the diseased part may be lessened. Hence when a part of the skin acts violently, as of the face in the eruption of the small-pox, if the feet be cold they should be covered. Hence the use of a blister applied near a topical inflammation. Hence opium and warm bath relieve pains both from excess and defect of stimulus.

5. First increase the general stimulation above its natural quantity, which may in some degree exhaust the spirit of animation, and then decrease the stimulation beneath its natural quantity. Hence after sudorific medicines and warm air, the application of refrigerants may have greater effect, if they could be administered without danger of producing too great torpor of some part of the system; as frequently happens to people in health from coming out of a warm room into the cold air, by which a topical inflammation in consequence of torpor of the mucous membrane of the nostril is produced, and is termed a cold in the head.

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