Реклама. ООО «ЛитРес», ИНН: 7719571260.
Contents
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK
4800 BC. Glass Eyes
3000–4000 BC. Sutures
c. 3000 BC. Artificial Limbs
1000–2000 BC. Urinalysis
1220 BC Ancient Egypt. Condoms
c. 7000 BC. Caesarean Section
1280–1300 Italy. Spectacles
1579 Italy. Valves in Veins. Hieronymus Fabricius ab Aquapendente (1537–1619)
c. 1580 England. Forceps. Peter Chamberlen (1560–1631)
1590 Holland. The Microscope. Zacharias Janssen (1580–1638)
1628 England. Harvey and the Circulation of Blood. William Harvey (1578–1657)
1706 England. Vacuum Extraction. James Yonge (1647–1721)
1753 Scotland. Prevention of Scurvy. James Lind (1716–1794)
1770 France. False Teeth. Alexis Duchâteau (1714–1792)
1793 France. The Ambulance. Dominique Jean Larrey (1766–1842)
1796. Smallpox Vaccine. Edward Jenner (1749–1823)
1798. Colour Blindness. John Dalton (1766–1844)
1809. Women Medical Students. Miranda Stuart (1795–1865)
1816 France. The Stethoscope. René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826)
1832 Scotland. Intravenous Fluids. Thomas Aitchison Latta (c. 1790–1833)
1833 USA. Beaumont’s Experiments on the Gastric Juice. William Beaumont (1785–1853)
1842 USA. General Anaesthetic. William E. Clarke (1818–1878)
1845 USA. The Vaginal Speculum. James Marion Sims (1813–1883)
1846 UK. Spirometry. John Hutchinson (1811–1861)
1848 UK. Appendicectomy. Henry Hancock (1809–1880)
1851 Germany. Ophthalmoscope. Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (1821–1894)
1852 Holland and Russia. Plaster of Paris Casts. Antonius Mathijsen (1805–1878) Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810–1881)
1853 Scotland and France. The Hypodermic Syringe. Charles Gabriel Pravaz (1791–1853) Alexander Wood (1817–1884)
1854 London. Sanitation. John Snow (1813–1858)
1854 UK. Nursing. Florence Nightingale (1820–1910) Mary Seacole (1805–1881)
1858 UK. The Treatment of Epilepsy. Sir Charles Locock (1799–1875)
1865 Austria. Mendel and the Birth of Genetics. Gregor Mendel (1822–1884)
1867 Scotland. The Germ Theory of Disease. Joseph Lister (1827–1912)
1868 Germany. Temperature Measurement. Carl Wunderlich (1815–1877)
1878 USA. Paracetamol. Harmon Northrop Morse (1848–1920)
1879 France. Handwashing. Louis Pasteur (1822–1895)
1879 France. Immunizations. Louis Pasteur (1822–1895)
c. 1880 France. Pinard Stethoscope. Adolphe Pinard (1844–1934)
1881 Germany. Sphygmomanometer. Samuel Siegfried von Basch (1837–1905)
1884 Germany. Local Anaesthetics. Carl Koller (1857–1944)
1887 Germany. Contact Lenses. F. E. Muller
1887 UK. Electrocardiogram (ECG) Augustus Désiré Waller (1856–1922)
c. 1890 Vienna. Psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud (1856–1939)
1890 USA. Latex Surgical Gloves. William Stewart Halsted (1852–1922)
1893 Denmark. Phototherapy. Niels Finsen (1860–1904)
1895 Germany. Röntgen’s X-Rays. Karl Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923)
1897 Germany. Facemask. Johannes von Mikulicz-Radecki (1850–1905)
1897 Germany. Aspirin. Felix Hoffmann (1868–1946)
1897 Austria. Blood Groups. Karl Landsteiner (1868–1943)
1899 Switerland. Defibrillator. Jean-Louis Prévost (1838–1927) Frédéric Batelli (1867–1941)
1905 Austria. Corneal Grafting. Eduard Zirm (1863–1944)
1906 Germany. Discovery of Alzheimer’s Disease. Alois Alzheimer (1864–1915)
1909 Germany. Contraceptive Coils. Richard Richter
1920 USA. The Band-Aid. Earle Dickson (1892–1961)
1921 Scandinavia. The Operating Microscope. Carl Olof Nylén (1892–1978)
1922 Canada. Insulin. Sir Frederick Banting (1891–1941)
1924 Germany. EEG. Hans Berger (1873–1941)
1926 UK. The National Blood Transfusion Service
1926 USA. Electrosurgery. William T. Bovie (1882–1958)
1927 USA. Iron Lung. Louis Agassiz Shaw (1886–1940) Philip Drinker (1894–1972)
1928 UK. Discovery of Penicillin. Alexander Fleming (1881–1955)
1932 USA. Wheelchair. Herbert B. Everest Harry C. Jennings
1933 USA. Thrombolysis. William Smith Tillett (1892–1974)
1935 Germany. Pulse Oximeter. Karl Matthes (1931–1998)
1943 Holland. Dialysis. Willem Kolff (b.1911)
1946. Sunscreen. Franz Greiter
1948 UK. Randomized–Controlled Trial. Austin Bradford Hill (1897–1991)
1949 Uruguay. Mammography. Raul Leborgne
1950 UK. Amniocentesis. Douglas Charles Aitchison Bevis (1919–1994)
1950 Canada. Pacemaker. John A. Hopps (1919–1998)
1951 UK. The Link Between Smoking and Lung Cancer. Austin Bradford Hill (1897–1991) Richard Doll (1912–2005)
1952 France. Antipsychotics. Henri Laborit (1914–1995)
1953 England. The Structure of DNA. James Watson (b.1928) Francis Crick (1916–2004)
1953 USA. Heart–Lung Machine. John Gibbon (1903–1973)
1955 USA. The Placebo Effect. Henry Knowles Beecher (1904–1976)
1955–7 America. Polio Vaccine. Jonas Salk (1914–1995) Albert Sabin (1906–1993)
1956 USA. Bone Marrow Transplant. E. Donnall Thomas (b.1920)
1957 Scotland. Ultrasound. Ian Donald (1910–1987)
1957 Sweden. Levodopa for Parkinson’s Disease. Arvid Carlsson (b.1923)
1957 USA. Foetal Monitoring. Orvan Hess (1906–2002) Edward Hon (1917–2001)
1958 The World. The Eradication of Smallpox
1958 UK. Hip Replacement. John Charnley (1911–1982)
1959 USA & England. The Structure of Antibodies. Gerald Edelman (USA b.1929) Rodney Porter (UK 1917–1985)
c. 1960 Pakistan and Calcutta. Oral Rehydration Fluid
c. 1960 USA. Glue for Wounds. Harry Coover (b.1919)
1960s USA. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) Aaron Temkin Beck (b.1921)
1960 USA. The Contraceptive Pill. Gregory Pinkus (1903–1967) Carl Djerassi (b.1923)
1960 USA. The First Artificial Heart Valve. Nina Starr-Braunwald (1928–1992)
1963 USA. Methadone Treatment. Vincent Dole (1913–2006) Marie Nyswander (1919–1986) Mary Jeanne Kreek (b.1913)
1964 USA. Angioplasty. Melvin P. Judkins (1922–1985) Charles Dotter (1920–1985)
1967 USA. Contraceptive Implant. Sheldon Jerome Segal (b.1926) Horacio B. Croxatto (b.1936)
1967 USA. Coronary–Artery Bypass Grafting. René Gerónimo Favaloro (1923–2000)
1967 UK. Palliative Care and the Hospice Movement. Dame Cicely Saunders (1918–2005)
1967 South Africa. First Heart Transplant. Christiaan Barnard (1922–2001)
1967 UK. The Abortion Act
1968 UK. Folic Acid and the Link with Neural Tube Defects. Richard Smithells (1924–2002)
1969 Scotland. Salbutamol. David Jack (b.1924)
1969 USA. The Five Stages of Grief. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross (1926–2004)
1969 UK. Tamoxifen for Breast Cancer. Arthur L. Walpole (d.1977)
1970 USA. Pregnancy Tests
1971 America. Isotretinoin for Acne
1972 UK. Computerized Tomography (CT) Godfrey Hounsfield (1919–2004) Alan Cormack (1924–1998)
1972 Scotland. Evidence-based Medicine. Archie Cochrane (1908–1988)
1973 Japan. Cholesterol-lowering Drugs. Akira Endo (b. 1933)
1973 USA. Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scans) Michael E. Phelps (b.1939)
1977 USA. Cochlear Implants. Adam Kissiah (b.1929)
1977 USA. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Raymond Damadian (b.1936)
1978 UK. In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Patrick Steptoe (1913–1988) Robert Edwards (b. 1925)
1980 USA. Botox. Alan B. Scott (b.1932) Edward J. Schantz (1909–2005 )
1983 USA. Coronary Arterial Stents. Charles Dotter (1920–1985)
1984 Australia. Egg Donation. Peter Lutjen, Alan Trounson (b.1946) and colleagues
1989 Germany. Keyhole Surgery. Kurt Semm (1927–2003)
1989 UK. Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. Alan Handyside Robert Winston (b.1940)
1990 USA. Surfactant for Premature Babies. John Allen Clements (b.1923)
1992 Italy. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Severino Antinori (b.1945)
1996 Vancouver. Combination Therapy for HIV Infection. The International Aids Society
1998 USA. Viagra®
2001 France and USa. Telesurgery. Jacques Marescaux (b.1948)
2003 France, Germany, Japan, China, UK and USA. Human Genome Project
2004 USA. Eye Injections to Prevent Blindness. Philip J. Rosenfeld (b.1957)
2005 France. Face Transplant. Bernard Devauchelle (b.1950) Jean-Michel Dubernard (b.1941)
2006 Australia. Cervical Cancer Vaccine. Ian Frazer (b.1953) Jian Zhou (1957–1999)
Acknowledgements
References:
Index. A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Glass Eyes
Sutures
.....
Thrombolysis
Pulse Oximeter
.....