Selections from the Speeches and Writings of Edmund Burke
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Edmund Burke. Selections from the Speeches and Writings of Edmund Burke
INTRODUCTORY ESSAY
APPENDIX
SELECTIONS FROM THE SPEECHES AND WRITINGS OF EDMUND BURKE
NATURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
RETROSPECT AND RESIGNATION
MODESTY OF MIND
NEWTON AND NATURE
THEORY AND PRACTICE
INDUCTION AND COMPARISON
DIVINE POWER ON THE HUMAN IDEA
UNION OF LOVE AND DREAD IN RELIGION
OFFICE OF SYMPATHY
WORDS
NATURE ANTICIPATES MAN
SELF-INSPECTION
POWER OF THE OBSCURE
FEMALE BEAUTY
NOVELTY AND CURIOSITY
PLEASURES OF ANALOGY
AMBITION
EXTENSIONS OF SYMPATHY
PHILOSOPHY OF TASTE
CLEARNESS AND STRENGTH IN STYLE
UNITY OF IMAGINATION
EFFECT OF WORDS
INVESTIGATION
THE SUBLIME
OBSCURITY
PRINCIPLES OF TASTE
THE BEAUTIFUL
THE REAL AND THE IDEAL
JUDGMENT IN ART
MORAL EFFECTS OF LANGUAGE
SECURITY OF TRUTH
IMITATION AN INSTINCTIVE LAW
STANDARD OF REASON AND TASTE
USE OF THEORY
POLITICAL OUTCASTS
INJUSTICE TO OUR OWN AGE
FALSE COALITIONS
POLITICAL EMPIRICISM
A VISIONARY
PARTY DIVISIONS
DECORUM IN PARTY
NOT SO BAD AS WE SEEM
POLITICS WITHOUT PRINCIPLE
MORAL DEBASEMENT PROGRESSIVE
DESPOTISM
JUDGMENT AND POLICY
POPULAR DISCONTENT
THE PEOPLE AND THEIR RULERS
GOVERNMENT FAVOURITISM
ADMINISTRATION AND LEGISLATION
INFLUENCE OF THE CROWN
VOICE OF THE PEOPLE
FALLACY OF EXTREMES
PRIVATE CHARACTER A BASIS FOR PUBLIC CONFIDENCE
PREVENTION
CONFIDENCE IN THE PEOPLE
FALSE MAXIMS ASSUMED AS FIRST PRINCIPLES
LORD CHATHAM
GRENVILLE
CHARLES TOWNSHEND
PARTY AND PLACE
POLITICAL CONNECTIONS
NEUTRALITY
WEAKNESS IN GOVERNMENT
AMERICAN PROGRESS
COMBINATION, NOT FACTION
GREAT MEN
POWER OF CONSTITUENTS
INFLUENCE OF PLACE IN GOVERNMENT
TAXATION INVOLVES PRINCIPLE
GOOD MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT
FISHERIES OF NEW ENGLAND
PREPARATION FOR PARLIAMENT
BATHURST AND AMERICA'S FUTURE
CANDID POLICY
WISDOM OF CONCESSION
MAGNANIMITY
DUTY OF REPRESENTATIVES
PRUDENTIAL SILENCE
COLONIAL TIES
GOVERNMENT AND LEGISLATION
PARLIAMENT
MORAL LEVELLERS
PUBLIC SALARY AND PATRIOTIC SERVICE
RATIONAL LIBERTY
IRELAND AND MAGNA CHARTA
COLONIES AND BRITISH CONSTITUTION
RECIPROCAL CONFIDENCE
PENSIONS AND THE CROWN
COLONIAL PROGRESS
FEUDAL PRINCIPLES AND MODERN TIMES
RESTRICTIVE VIRTUES
LIBELLERS OF HUMAN NATURE
REFUSAL A REVENUE
A PARTY MAN
PATRIOTISM AND PUBLIC INCOME
AMERICAN PROTESTANTISM
RIGHT OF TAXATION
CONTRACTED VIEWS
ASSIMILATING POWER OF CONTACT
PRUDENCE OF TIMELY REFORM
DIFFICULTIES OF REFORMERS
PHILOSOPHY OF COMMERCE
THEORIZING POLITICIANS
ECONOMY AND PUBLIC SPIRIT
REFORM OUGHT TO BE PROGRESSIVE
CIVIL FREEDOM
TENDENCIES OF POWER
INDIVIDUAL GOOD AND PUBLIC BENEFIT
PUBLIC CORRUPTION
CRUELTY AND COWARDICE
BAD LAWS PRODUCE BASE SUBSERVIENCY
FALSE REGRET
BRITISH DOMINION IN EAST INDIA
POLITICAL CHARITY
EVILS OF DISTRACTION
CHARLES FOX
THE IMPRACTICABLE UNDESIRABLE
CONSTITUTION OF THE COMMONS
EMOLUMENTS OF OFFICE
MORAL DISTINCTIONS
ELECTORS AND REPRESENTATIVES
POPULAR OPINION A FALLACIOUS STANDARD
ENGLISH REFORMATION
PROSCRIPTION
JUST FREEDOM
ENGLAND'S EMBASSY TO AMERICA
HOWARD, THE PHILANTHROPIST
PARLIAMENTARY RETROSPECT
PEOPLE AND PARLIAMENT
REFORMED CIVIL LIST
FRENCH AND ENGLISH REVOLUTION
ARMED DISCIPLINE
GILDED DESPOTISM
OUR FRENCH DANGERS
SIR GEORGE SAVILLE
CORRUPTION NOT SELF-REFORMED
THE BRIBED AND THE BRIBERS
HYDER ALI
REFORMATION AND ANARCHY CONTRASTED AND COMPARED
CONFIDENCE AND JEALOUSY
ECONOMY OF INJUSTICE
SUBSISTENCE AND REVENUE
AUTHORITY AND VENALITY
PREROGATIVE OF THE CROWN AND PRIVILEGE OF PARLIAMENT
BURKE AND FOX
PEERS AND COMMONS
NATURAL SELF-DESTRUCTION
THE CARNATIC
ABSTRACT THEORY OF HUMAN LIBERTY
POLITICS AND THE PULPIT
IDEA OF FRENCH REVOLUTION
PATRIOTIC DISTINCTION
KINGLY POWER NOT BASED ON POPULAR CHOICE
PREACHING DEMOCRACY OF DISSENT
JARGON OF REPUBLICANISM
CONSERVATIVE PROGRESS OF INHERITED FREEDOM
CONSERVATION AND CORRECTION
HEREDITARY SUCCESSION OF ENGLISH CROWN
LIMITS OF LEGISLATIVE CAPACITY
OUR CONSTITUTION, NOT FABRICATED, BUT INHERITED
LOW AIMS AND LOW INSTRUMENTS
HOUSE OF COMMONS CONTRASTED WITH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
PROPERTY, MORE THAN ABILITY, REPRESENTED IN PARLIAMENT
VIRTUE AND WISDOM QUALIFY FOR GOVERNMENT
NATURAL AND CIVIL RIGHTS
MARIE ANTOINETTE
SPIRIT OF A GENTLEMAN AND THE SPIRIT OF RELIGION
POWER SURVIVES OPINION
CHIVALRY A MORALIZING CHARM
SACREDNESS OF MORAL INSTINCTS
PARENTAL EXPERIENCE
REVOLUTIONARY SCENE
ECONOMY ON STATE PRINCIPLES
PHILOSOPHICAL VANITY; ITS MAXIMS, AND EFFECTS
UNITY BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE
TRIPLE BASIS OF FRENCH REVOLUTION
I.—REGICIDE
II.—JACOBINISM
III.—ATHEISM
CORRESPONDENT SYSTEM OF MANNERS AND MORALS
FEROCITY OF JACOBINISM
VOICE OF OPPRESSION
BRITAIN VINDICATED IN HER WAR WITH FRANCE
POLISH AND FRENCH REVOLUTION
EUROPE IN 1789
ATHEISM CANNOT REPENT
OUTWARD DIGNITY OF THE CHURCH DEFENDED
DANGER OF ABSTRACT VIEWS
APPEAL TO IMPARTIALITY
HISTORICAL ESTIMATE OF LOUIS XVI
NEGATIVE RELIGION A NULLITY
ANTECHAMBER OF REGICIDE
TREMENDOUSNESS OF WAR
ENGLISH OFFICERS
DIPLOMACY OF HUMILIATION
RELATION OF WEALTH TO NATIONAL DIGNITY
AMBASSADORS OF INFAMY
DIFFICULTY THE PATH TO GLORY
ROBESPIERRE AND HIS COUNTERPARTS
ACCUMULATION, A STATE PRINCIPLE
WARNING FOR A NATION
SANTERRE AND TALLIEN
SIR SYDNEY SMITH
A MORAL DISTINCTION
INFIDELS AND THEIR POLICY
WHAT A MINISTER SHOULD ATTEMPT
LAW OF VICINITY
EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
PERILS OF JACOBIN PEACE
PARLIAMENTARY AND REGAL PREROGATIVE
BURKE'S DESIGN IN HIS GREATEST WORK
LORD KEPPEL
"LABOURING POOR."
STATE CONSECRATED BY THE CHURCH
FATE OF LOUIS XVIII
NOBILITY
LEGISLATION AND REPUBLICANS
PRINCIPLE OF STATE-CONSECRATION
BRITISH STABILITY
LITERARY ATHEISTS
CITY OF PARIS
PRINCIPLE OF CHURCH PROPERTY
PARSIMONY NOT ECONOMY
MAJESTY OF THE BRITISH CONSTITUTION
DUTY NOT BASED ON WILL
ECCLESIASTICAL CONFISCATION
MORAL OF HISTORY
USE OF DEFECTS IN HISTORY
SOCIAL CONTRACT
PRESCRIPTIVE RIGHTS
MADNESS OF INNOVATION
THE STATE, ITS OWN REVENUE
METAPHYSICAL DEPRAVITY
PERSONAL AND ANCESTRAL CLAIMS
MONASTIC AND PHILOSOPHIC SUPERSTITION
DIFFICULTY AND WISDOM OF CORPORATE REFORM
DISTINCTIVE CHARACTER OF ENGLISH PROTESTANTISM
FICTITIOUS LIBERTY
FRENCH IGNORANCE OF ENGLISH CHARACTER
THE "PEOPLE," AND "OMNIPOTENCE" OF PARLIAMENT
MAGNANIMITY OF ENGLISH PEOPLE
TRUE BASIS OF CIVIL SOCIETY
ROUSSEAU
MORAL HEROES
KINGDOM OF FRANCE
GRIEVANCE AND OPINION
PERPLEXITY AND POLICY
HISTORICAL INSTRUCTION
MONTESQUIEU
ARTICLES, AND SCRIPTURE
PROBLEM OF LEGISLATION
ORDER, LABOUR, AND PROPERTY
REGICIDAL LEGISLATURE
GOVERNMENT NOT TO BE RASHLY CENSURED
ETIQUETTE
ANCIENT ESTABLISHMENTS
SENTIMENT AND POLICY
PATRIOTISM
NECESSITY, A RELATIVE TERM
KING JOHN AND THE POPE
CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCE
"PRIESTS OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN."
"HIS GRACE."
SPECULATION AND HISTORY
LABOUR AND WAGES
A COMPLETE REVOLUTION
BRITISH GOVERNMENT IN INDIA
MONEY AND SCIENCE
POLITICAL AXIOMS
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
X
XI
XII
DISAPPOINTED AMBITION
DIFFICULTY AN INSTRUCTOR
SOVEREIGN JURISDICTIONS
PRUDERY OF FALSE REFORM
EXAGGERATION
TACTICS OF CABAL
GOVERNMENT, RELATIVE, NOT ABSOLUTE
GENERAL VIEWS
MAGNITUDE IN BUILDING
SOCIETY AND SOLITUDE
EAST-INDIA BILL AND COMPANY
PARLIAMENTS AND ELECTIONS
RELIGION AND MAGISTRACY
PERSECUTION, FALSE IN THEORY
IRISH LEGISLATION
HENRY OF NAVARRE
TEST ACTS
WHAT FACTION OUGHT TO TEACH
GRIEVANCES BY LAW
REVOLUTIONARY POLITICS
TOLERATION BECOME INTOLERANT
WILKES AND RIGHT OF ELECTION
ROCKINGHAM AND CONWAY
POLITICS IN THE PULPIT
WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR
KING ALFRED
DRUIDS
SAXON CONQUEST AND CONVERSION
MINISTERIAL RESPONSIBILITY
MONASTIC INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR RESULTS
COMMON LAW AND MAGNA CHARTA
EUROPE AND THE NORMAN INVASION
ANCIENT INHABITANTS OF BRITAIN
PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS
TRUE NATURE OF A JACOBIN WAR
NATIONAL DIGNITY
PRINCIPLES OF GOVERNMENT NOT ABSOLUTE, BUT RELATIVE
DECLARATION OF 1793
MORAL DIET
KING WILLIAM'S POLICY
DISTEMPER OF REMEDY
WAR AND WILL OF THE PEOPLE
FALSE POLICY IN OUR FRENCH WAR
MORAL ESSENCE MAKES A NATION
PUBLIC SPIRIT
PROGRESSIVE GROWTH OF CHRISTIAN STATES
PETTY INTERESTS
PIUS VII
EXTINCTION OF LOCAL PATRIOTISM
WALPOLE AND HIS POLICY
POLITICAL PEACE
PUBLIC LOANS
HISTORICAL STRICTURES
CONSTITUTION NOT THE PEOPLE'S SLAVE
MODERN "LIGHTS."
REPUBLICS IN THE ABSTRACT
AN ENGLISH MONARCH
PHYSIOGNOMY
THE EYE
ABOLITION AND USE OF PARLIAMENTS
CROMWELL AND HIS CONTRASTS
DELICACY
CONFISCATION AND CURRENCY
"OMNIPOTENCE OF CHURCH PLUNDER."
UGLINESS
GRACE
ELEGANCE AND SPECIOUSNESS
THE BEAUTIFUL IN FEELING
THE BEAUTIFUL IN SOUNDS
BRITISH CHURCH
Отрывок из книги
The following are the critical sketches of Burke's character, alluded to in the commencement of this Essay. They are from the pens of his most distinguished contemporaries, WHO WERE OPPOSED TO HIM in their political views and public career.
(From SIR JAMES MACKINTOSH.)
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To be a good member of parliament is, let me tell you, no easy task; especially at this time, when there is so strong a disposition to run into the perilous extremes of servile compliance or wild popularity. To unite circumspection with vigour is absolutely necessary; but it is extremely difficult. We are now members for a rich commercial CITY; this city, however, is but a part of a rich commercial NATION, the interests of which are various, multiform, and intricate. We are members for that great nation, which however is itself but part of a great EMPIRE, extended by our virtue and our fortune to the farthest limits of the east and of the west. All these wide-spread interests must be considered; must be compared; must be reconciled, if possible. We are members for a FREE country; and surely we all know, that the machine of a free constitution is no simple thing; but as intricate and as delicate as it is valuable. We are members in a great and ancient MONARCHY; and we must preserve religiously the true legal rights of the sovereign, which form the key-stone that binds together the noble and well-constructed arch of our empire and our constitution.
As to the wealth which the colonies have drawn from the sea by their fisheries, you had all that matter fully opened at your bar. You surely thought those acquisitions of value, for they seemed even to excite your envy; and yet the spirit by which that enterprising employment has been exercised ought rather, in my opinion, to have raised your esteem and admiration. And pray, Sir, what in the world is equal to it! Pass by the other parts, and look at the manner in which the people of New England have of late carried on the whale fishery. Whilst we follow them among the tumbling mountains of ice, and behold them penetrating into the deepest frozen recesses of Hudson's Bay and Davis's Straits, whilst we are looking for them beneath the arctic circle, we hear that they have pierced into the opposite region of polar cold, that they are at the antipodes, and engaged under the frozen serpent of the south. Falkland Island, which seemed too remote and romantic an object for the grasp of national ambition, is but a stage and resting-place in the progress of their victorious industry. Nor is the equinoctial heat more discouraging to them, than the accumulated winter of both the poles. We know that whilst some of them draw the line and strike the harpoon on the coast of Africa, others run the longitude, and pursue their gigantic game along the coast of Brazil. No sea but what is vexed by their fisheries. No climate that is not witness to their toils. Neither the perseverance of Holland, nor the activity of France, nor the dexterous and firm sagacity of English enterprise, ever carried this most perilous mode of hard industry to the extent to which it has been pushed by this recent people; a people who are still, as it were, but in the gristle, and not yet hardened into the bone of manhood.
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