The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: 1805-1807

The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: 1805-1807
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"The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: 1805-1807" is an account of the two expeditions of the American explorer Zebulon Montgomery Pike to headwaters of the Mississippi River, through Louisiana territory and in New Spain, written from his memory after the Spanish authorities had confiscated his journals. In the summer of 1805 general James Wilkinson, appointed Governor of the Upper Louisiana Territory, ordered Pike to locate the source of the Mississippi River, explore the northern portion of the newly created Louisiana Territory, and expel Canadian fur traders illegally trading in the borders of the United States. After he returned from this first expedition, Wilkinson almost immediately ordered him to mount a second expedition, this time to explore, map, and find the headwaters of the Arkansas and Red rivers. Additional objectives of this exploratory expedition into the southwestern part of the Louisiana Territory were to evaluate natural resources and establish friendly relations with Native Americans. Pike's second expedition crossed the Rocky Mountains into what is now southern Colorado, which led to his capture by the Spanish colonial authorities near Santa Fe, who sent Pike and his men to Chihuahua (present-day Mexico), for interrogation. Later in 1807, Pike and some of his men were escorted by the Spanish through Texas and released near American territory in Louisiana.

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Elliott Coues. The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: 1805-1807

The Expeditions of Zebulon Montgomery Pike: 1805-1807

Table of Contents

Volume 1

PREFACE TO THE ORIGINAL EDITION

PREFACE TO THE NEW EDITION

MEMOIR OF. ZEBULON MONTGOMERY PIKE. BY ELLIOTT COUES

CHAPTER I. ITINERARY: ST. LOUIS TO ST. PAUL, AUGUST 9TH-SEPTEMBER 21ST, 1805

CHAPTER II. ITINERARY, CONTINUED: ST. PAUL TO LEECH LAKE, SEPTEMBER 22D, 1805-JANUARY 31ST, 1806

CHAPTER III. ITINERARY, CONCLUDED: LEECH LAKE TO ST. LOUIS, FEBRUARY 1ST-APRIL 30TH, 1806

CHAPTER IV. WEATHER DIARY OF THE MISSISSIPPI.[IV-1]

CHAPTER V. CORRESPONDENCE AND CONFERENCES.[V-1]

Art. 1. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 1, pp. 1, 2.)

Art. 2. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 2, pp. 2–4.)

Art. 3. The Dubuque Interrogation.[V-3] Queries proposed to Mr. Dubuque, with his answers

Art. 4. Speech, Pike to the Sioux[V-4] (Part of Orig. No. 3, pp. 6–8), delivered at the entrance of the river St. Peter's, Sept. 23d, 1803

Art 5. The Sioux Treaty[V-6] of Sept. 23d, 1805. (Part of Orig. No. 3, pp. 8, 9.)

Art. 6. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 4, pp. 9–13.)

Art. 7.[V-10] Instructions, Pike to Sergeant Henry Kennerman. (Orig. No. 16, pp. 33, 34.)

Art. 8. Letter, Pike to Hugh M'Gillis. (Orig. No. 5, pp. 14–16.)

Art. 9. Letter, Hugh M'Gillis to Pike. (Orig. No. 6, pp. 17–19.)

Art. 10. Speech, Pike to the Sauteaux, in a Council at Leech Lake, Feb. 16th, 1806. (Orig. No. 7, pp. 19–22.)

Art. 11. Speeches, Chippewa Chiefs[V-13] to Pike, at Leech Lake, Feb. 16th, 1806. (Orig. No. 8, pp. 22, 23.)

Art. 12. Extract of a letter, Pike to Robert Dickson, Lower Red Cedar Lake, Feb. 26th, 1806. (Orig. No. 9, pp. 23, 24.)

Art. 13. Letter, Pike to La Jeunesse. (Orig. No. 10, p. 24.)

Art. 14. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 11, pp. 25, 26.)

Art. 15.[V-15] Speech, Pike to the Puants at Prairie Du Chien, Apr. 20th, 1806. (Part of Orig. No. 12, pp. 26, 27.)

Art. 16. Further Conferences with Indians at Prairie du Chien, Apr. 21st, 1806. (Part of Orig. No. 12, pp. 27–29.)

Art. 17. Letter, Pike to Campbell and Fisher. (Orig. No. 13, pp. 29, 30.)

Art. 18. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 14, pp. 30, 31.)

Art. 19. Letter,[V-17] Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 15, pp. 31–33.)

CHAPTER VI. COMMERCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI.[VI-1]

A. Description of the N. W. Company's Fort at Sandy Lake

B. Description of the N. W. Company's Fort at Leech Lake

D. The price of goods in exchange with the Indians

C.—Recapitulation of Furs and Peltries, North West Company, 1804–5, Fond du Lac Department; Marks and Numbers as per margin

E. Return of men employed in the N. W. Company's Department of Fond du Lac, for 1805, with the amount of their wages per annum, etc

CHAPTER VII. GEOGRAPHY OF THE MISSISSIPPI.[VII-1]

CHAPTER VIII. ETHNOGRAPHY OF THE MISSISSIPPI.[VIII-1]

CHAPTER IX. VOCABULARY OF MISSISSIPPIAN PLACE-NAMES.[IX-1]

FOOTNOTES

Volume 2

CHAPTER I. ITINERARY: UP THE MISSOURI AND OSAGE RIVERS, AND THROUGH KANSAS TO THE PAWNEE VILLAGE ON THE REPUBLICAN RIVER, JULY 15TH-SEPT. 30TH, 1806

CHAPTER II. ITINERARY, CONTINUED: FROM THE PAWNEE VILLAGE THROUGH KANSAS AND COLORADO TO PIKE'S PEAK, OCT. 1ST-NOV. 30TH, 1806

CHAPTER III. ITINERARY, CONCLUDED: IN THE MOUNTAINS OF COLORADO ON HEADWATERS OF THE ARKANSAW AND RIO GRANDE, DECEMBER 1ST, 1806-FEBRUARY 26TH, 1807

CHAPTER IV. PIKE'S DISSERTATION ON LOUISIANA.[IV-1]

CHAPTER V. WILKINSON'S REPORT ON THE ARKANSAW.[V-1]

CHAPTER VI. CORRESPONDENCE

Art. 1. Letter, Wilkinson's Instructions to Pike.[VI-1]

Art. 2. Letter, Wilkinson's Additional Instructions to Pike

Art. 3.[VI-3] Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 3, pp. 32, 33.)

Art. 4. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 4, p. 33.)

Art. 5. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 5, pp. 33–35.)

Art. 6. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 6, p. 36.)

Art. 7. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 7, p. 36.)

Art. 8. Letter, Wilkinson to Pike. (Orig. No. 9, pp. 38–40.)

Art. 9. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 8, p. 37.)

Art. 10. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 10, pp. 40–42.)

Art. 11. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 11, p. 43.)

Art. 12. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 12, pp. 43, 44.)

Art. 13. Letter, Pike to Dearborn. (Orig. No. 13, pp. 45, 46.)

Art. 14. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 14, pp. 47–50.)

Art. 15.[VI-8] Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 15, pp. 50–53.)

CHAPTER I. ITINERARY: THROUGH NEW MEXICO ON THE RIO GRANDE TO EL PASO, FEB. 27TH-MAR. 21ST, 1807

CHAPTER II. ITINERARY, CONTINUED: THROUGH OLD MEXICO, IN CHIHUAHUA, DURANGO, AND COAHUILA, TO THE PRESIDIO GRANDE, MARCH 22D-MAY 31ST, 1807

CHAPTER III. ITINERARY, CONCLUDED: THROUGH TEXAS TO NATCHITOCHES ON THE RED RIVER OF LOUISIANA, JUNE 1ST-JULY 1ST, 1807

CHAPTER IV. OBSERVATIONS ON NEW SPAIN.[IV'-1]

CHAPTER V. CORRESPONDENCE.[V'-1]

Art. 1. Letter, Pike to Allencaster. (Orig. No. 8, pp. 69, 70.)

Art. 2. Certificate, Allencaster to Pike. (Orig. No. 9, p. 70.)

Art. 3. Letter, Pike to Allencaster. (Orig. No. 10, p. 71.)

Art. 4. Letter, Pike to Salcedo. (Orig. No. 17, pp. 82, 83.)

Art. 5.[V'-2] Letter, Pike to Salcedo. (Orig. No. 11, p. 72.)

Art. 6. Letter, Salcedo to Pike. (Orig. No. 12, p. 72.)

Art. 7. Letter, Salcedo to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 19, pp. 86, 87.)

Art. 8. Inventory and Certificate, Valasco and Walker to Pike. (Orig. No. 16, pp. 80–82.)

Art. 9. Letter, Pike to Salcedo. (Orig. No. 14, pp. 78, 79.)

Art. 10. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 3, pp. 53–55.)

Art. 11. Letter, Salcedo to Pike. (Orig. No. 15, pp. 79, 80.)

Art. 12. Letter, Wilkinson to Pike. (Orig. No. 4, pp. 55–57.)

Art. 13. Letter, Pike to Wilkinson. (Orig. No. 5, pp. 57–63.)

Art. 14. Letter, Pike to Salcedo. (Orig. No. 18, pp. 83–85.)

CHAPTER VI. CONGRESSIONAL REPORT AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS.[VI'-1]

FOOTNOTES

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Zebulon Montgomery Pike, Elliott Coues

To Headwaters of the Mississippi River, Through Louisiana Territory, and in New Spain

.....

The Honl William Eustis Secretary War Department

There is little to mark Lieutenant-Colonel Pike's career in 1810–11, or until the breaking out of the war of 1812. From many letters I have seen by which he can be traced in these years, uneventful for him, I select one which shows the workings of his mind at this time, as well as his readiness to ventilate the views which he entertained. Characters such as his have visions which they may freely express without carrying conviction to others. The following communication was received at the War Department from Mississippi Territory:

.....

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