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Ernest Belfort Bax. German Culture Past and Present
German Culture Past and Present
Table of Contents
PREFACE
German Culture Past and Present
INTRODUCTORYToC
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER IToC
THE REFORMATION MOVEMENT
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER IIToC
POPULAR LITERATURE OF THE TIME
CHAPTER IIIToC
THE FOLKLORE OF REFORMATION GERMANY
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER IVToC
THE SIXTEENTH-CENTURY GERMAN TOWN
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER VToC
COUNTRY AND TOWN AT THE END OF THE MIDDLE AGES
CHAPTER VIToC
THE REVOLT OF THE KNIGHTHOOD
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER VIIToC
GENERAL SIGNS OF RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL REVOLT
CHAPTER VIIIToC
THE GREAT RISING OF THE PEASANTS AND THE ANABAPTIST MOVEMENT[23]
FOOTNOTES:
CHAPTER IXToC
POST-MEDIÆVAL GERMANY
CHAPTER XToC
MODERN GERMAN CULTURE
UNWIN BROTHERS LIMITED THE GRESHAM PRESS WOKING AND LONDON
Отрывок из книги
Ernest Belfort Bax
Published by Good Press, 2019
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But the man who was destined to become the personification of the Humanist movement, us the new learning was called, was Erasmus. The illegitimate son of the daughter of a Rotterdam burgher, he early became famous on account of his erudition, in spite of the adverse circumstances of his youth. Like all the scholars of his time, he passed rapidly from one country to another, settling finally in Basel, then at the height of its reputation as a literary and typographical centre. The whole intellectual movement of the time centres round Erasmus, as is particularly noticeable in the career of Ulrich von Hutten, dealt with in the course of this history. As instances of the classicism of the period, we may note the uniform change of the patronymic into the classical equivalent, or some classicism supposed to be the equivalent. Thus the name Erasmus itself was a classicism of his father's name Gerhard, the German name Muth became Mutianus, Trittheim became Trithemius, Schwarzerd became Melanchthon, and so on.
We have spoken of the other side of the intellectual movement of the period. This other side showed itself in mystical attempts at reducing nature to law in the light of the traditional problems which had been set, to wit, those of alchemy and astrology: the discovery of the philosopher's stone, of the transmutation of metals, of the elixir of life, and of the correspondences between the planets and terrestrial bodies. Among the most prominent exponents of these investigations may be mentioned Philippus von Hohenheim or Paracelsus, and Cornelius Agrippa of Nettesheim, in Germany, Nostrodamus in France, and Cardanus in Italy. These men represent a tendency which was pursued by thousands in the learned world. It was a tendency which had the honour of being the last in history to embody itself in a distinct mythical cycle. "Doctor Faustus" may probably have had an historical germ; but in any case "Doctor Faustus," as known to legend and to literature, is merely a personification of the practical side of the new learning.
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