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Fiske John. Civil Government in the United States Considered with Some Reference to Its Origins
Civil Government in the United States Considered with Some Reference to Its Origins
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I
TAXATION AND GOVERNMENT
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. CHAPTER II
THE TOWNSHIP. Section 1. The New England Township
Act of 1647 establishing public schools
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 2. Origin of the Township
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. CHAPTER III
THE COUNTY. Section 1. The County in its Beginnings
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 2. The Modern County in Massachusetts
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 3. The Old Virginia County
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. CHAPTER IV
TOWNSHIP AND COUNTY. Section 1. Various Local Systems
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 2. Settlement of the Public Domain
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 3. The Representative Township-County System in the West
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. CHAPTER V
THE CITY. Section 1. Direct and Indirect Government
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 2. Origin of English Boroughs and Cities
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 3. The Government of Cities in the United States
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. CHAPTER VI
THE STATE. Section 1. The Colonial Governments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 2. The Transition from Colonial to State Governments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 3. The State Governments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. CHAPTER VII
WRITTEN CONSTITUTIONS
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. CHAPTER VIII
THE FEDERAL UNION. Section 1. Origin of the Federal Union
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 2. The Federal Congress
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 3. The Federal Executive
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 4. The Nation and the States
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 5. The Federal Judiciary
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 6. Territorial Government
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 7. Ratification and Amendments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. Section 8. A Few Words about Politics
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. APPENDIX
INDEX. CIVIL GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, CONSIDERED WITH SOME REFERENCE TO ITS ORIGINS
CHAPTER I
TAXATION AND GOVERNMENT
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
CHAPTER II
THE TOWNSHIP. Section 1. The New England Township
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 2. Origin of the Township
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT. SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. Section 1. THE NEW ENGLAND TOWNSHIP. There is a good account in Martin's Text Book on Civil Government in the United States. N. T. & Chicago, 1875. Section 2. ORIGIN OF THE TOWNSHIP. Here the Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, edited by Dr. Herbert Adams, are of great value. Note especially series I, no. i, E. A. Freeman, Introduction to American Institutional History; I., ii. iv. viii. ix.-x. H. B. Adams, The Germanic Origin of New England Towns, Saxon Tithing-Men in America, Norman Constables in America, Village Communities of Cape Ann and Salem; II., x. Edward Channing, Town and County Government in the English Colonies of North America; IV., xi.-xii. Melville Egleston, The Land System of the New England Colonies; VII., vii.-ix. C. M. Andrews, The River Towns of Connecticut
CHAPTER III
THE COUNTY. Section 1. The County in its Beginnings
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 2. The Modern County in Massachusetts
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 3. The Old Virginia County
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. Section 1. THE COUNTY IN ITS BEGINNINGS. This subject is treated in connection with the township in several of the books above mentioned. See especially Howard, Local Const. Hist. Section 2. THE MODERN COUNTY IN MASSACHUSETTS. There is a good account in Martin's Text Book above mentioned. Section 3. THE OLD VIRGINIA COUNTY. The best account is in J.H.U. Studies, III., ii.-iii. Edward Ingle, Virginia Local Institutions
CHAPTER IV
TOWNSHIP AND COUNTY. Section 1. Various Local Systems
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 2. Settlement of the Public Domain
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 3. The Representative Township-County System in the West
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. Section 1. VARIOUS LOCAL SYSTEMS.—J.H.V. Studies, I., vi., Edward Ingle, Parish Institutions of Maryland; I., vii., John Johnson, Old Maryland Manors; I., xii., B.J. Ramage, Local Government and Free Schools in South Carolina; III., v.-vii., L
Section 2. SETTLEMENT OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN.—J. H. U. Studies, III., i. H. B. Adams, Maryland's Influence upon Land Cessions to the United States; IV., vii.-ix., Shoshuke Sato, History of the Land Question in the United States. Section 3. THE REPRESENTATIVE TOWNSHIP-COUNTY SYSTEM.—J H. U. Studies, I., iii., Albert Shaw, Local Government in Illinois; I., v., Edward Bemis, Local Government in Michigan and the Northwest; II., vii., Jesse Macy, Institutional Beginnings in a Western State (Iowa). For farther illustration of one set of institutions supervening upon another, see also V., v.-vi., J. G. Bourinot, Local Government in Canada; VIII., in., D. E. Spencer, Local Government in Wisconsin. CHAPTER V
THE CITY. Section 1. Direct and Indirect Government
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 2. Origin of English Boroughs and Cities
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 3. The Government of Cities in the United States
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE. Section 1. DIRECT AND INDIRECT GOVERNMENT.—The transition from direct to indirect government, as illustrated in the gradual development of a township into a city, may be profitably studied in Quincy's Municipal History of Boston, Boston, 1852; and in Winsor's Memorial History of Boston, vol. iii. pp. 189–302, Boston, 1881. Section 2. ORIGIN OF ENGLISH BOROUGHS AND CITIES.—See Loftie's History of London, 2 vols., London, 1883; Toulmin Smith's English Gilds, with Introduction by Lujo Brentano, London, 1870; and the histories of the English Constitution, especially those of Gneist, Stubbs, Taswell-Langmead, and Hannis Taylor. Section 3. GOVERNMENT OF CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES.—J.H.U. Studies, III., xi.-xii., J.A. Porter, The City of Washington; IV., iv., W.P. Holcomb, Pennsylvania Boroughs; IV., x., C.H. Lovermore, Town and City Government of New Haven; V., i.-ii., Allinson and Penrose, City Government of Philadelphia; V., iii., J.M. Bugbee, The City Government of Boston; V., iv., M.S. Snow, The City Government of St. Louis; VII., ii.-iii., B. Moses, Establishment of Municipal Government in San Francisco; VII., iv., W.W. Howe, Municipal History of New Orleans; also Supplementary Notes, No. 4, Seth Low, The Problem of City Government (compare No. 1, Albert Shaw, Municipal Government in England.) See, also, the supplementary volumes published at Baltimore—Levermore's Republic of New Haven, 1886, Allinson and Penrose's Philadelphia, 1681–1887: a History of Municipal Development, 1887. CHAPTER VI
THE STATE. Section 1. The Colonial Governments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 2. The Transition from Colonial to State Governments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 3. The State Governments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
CHAPTER VII
WRITTEN CONSTITUTIONS
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
CHAPTER VIII
THE FEDERAL UNION. Section 1. Origin of the Federal Union
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 2. The Federal Congress
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 3. The Federal Executive
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 4. The Nation and the States
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 5. The Federal Judiciary
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 6. Territorial Government
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 7. Ratification and Amendments
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
Section 8. A Few Words about Politics
QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
NOTE TO PAGE 250
APPENDIX A
THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
APPENDIX B. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. PREAMBLE.[1]
ARTICLE I. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT.[2]
ARTICLE II. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.[6]
ARTICLE III. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT.[8]
ARTICLE IV. THE STATES AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.[10]
ARTICLE V. POWER OF AMENDMENT.[13]
ARTICLE VI. PUBLIC DEBT, SUPREMACY OF THE CONSTITUTION, OATH OF OFFICE, RELIGIOUS TEST
ARTICLE VII. RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION
AMENDMENTS.[17] ARTICLE I
ARTICLE II
ARTICLE III
ARTICLE IV
ARTICLE V
ARTICLE VI
ARTICLE VII
ARTICLE VIII
ARTICLE IX
ARTICLE X.[18]
ARTICLE XI.[19]
ARTICLE XII.[20]
ARTICLE XIII.[21]
ARTICLE XIV.[22]
FRANKLIN'S SPEECH ON THE LAST DAY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION [24]
APPENDIX C
MAGNA CHARTA.[25]
OR THE GREAT CHARTER OF KING JOHN, GRANTED JUNE 15, A.D. 1215
"CONFIRMATIO CHARTARUM" OF EDWARD I
THE GRANT OF THE GREAT CHARTER
APPENDIX D
A PART OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS
AN ACT FOR DECLARING THE RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES OF THE SUBJECT, AND SETTLING THE SUCCESSION OF THE CROWN. 1689
APPENDIX E
THE FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT
THE OATH OF THE GOU'RNOR, FOR THE [P'RSENT]
THE OATH OF A MAGESTRATE, FOR THE P'RSENT
APPENDIX F
THE STATES CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO ORIGIN
APPENDIX G
TABLE OF STATES AND TERRITORIES
APPENDIX H. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES, 1790–1890,
APPENDIX I
AN EXAMINATION PAPER FOR CUSTOMS CLERKS
APPLICANT'S DECLARATION
DECLARATION
FIRST SUBJECT
SECOND SUBJECT
THIRD SUBJECT
FOURTH SUBJECT
FIFTH SUBJECT
APPENDIX J
THE NEW YORK CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT OF 1890. CHAP. 94.—AN ACT TO AMEND TITLE FIVE OF THE PENAL CODE RELATING TO CRIMES AGAINST THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE
SECTION 1. Title five of the Penal Code, entitled "Of crimes against the elective franchise," is hereby amended so as to read as follows: Section 41. It shall be unlawful for any person, directly or indirectly, by himself or through any other person:
Section 41_a_. It shall be unlawful for any person, directly or indirectly, by himself or through any other person:
Section 41_c_. It shall be unlawful for any person, directly or indirectly, by himself or any other person in his behalf, to make use of, or threaten to make use of, any force, violence, or restraint, or to inflict or threaten the infliction by himself, or through any other person, of any injury, damage, harm, or loss, or in any manner to practice intimidation upon or against any person, in order to induce or compel such person to vote or refrain from voting at any election, or to vote or refrain from voting for any particular person or persons at any election, or on account of such person having voted or refrained from voting at any election. And it shall be unlawful for any person by abduction, duress, or any forcible or fraudulent device or contrivance whatever to impede, prevent, or otherwise interfere with, the free exercise of the elective franchise by any voter; or to compel, induce, or prevail upon any voter either to give or refrain from giving his vote at any election, or to give or refrain from giving his vote for any particular person at any election. It shall not be lawful for any employer in paying his employees the salary or wages due them to inclose their pay in "pay envelopes" upon which there is written or printed any political mottoes, devices, or arguments containing threats, express or implied, intended or calculated to influence the political opinions or actions of such employees. Nor shall it be lawful for any employer, within ninety days of general election to put up or otherwise exhibit in his factory, work-shop, or other establishment or place where his employees may be working, any hand-bill or placard containing any threat, notice, or information that in case any particular ticket or candidate shall be elected, work in his place or establishment will cease, in whole or in part, or his establishment be closed up, or the wages of his workmen be reduced, or other threats, express or implied, intended or calculated to influence the political opinions or actions of his employees. This section shall apply to corporations, as well as to individuals, and any person or corporation violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour, and any corporation violating this section shall forfeit its charter. Section 41_d_. Every candidate who is voted for at any public election held within this state shall, within ten days after such election, file as hereinafter provided an itemized statement, showing in detail all the moneys contributed or expended by him, directly or indirectly, by himself or through any other person, in aid of his election. Such statement shall give the names of the various persons who received such moneys, the specific nature of each item, and the purpose for which it was expended or contributed. There shall be attached to such statement an affidavit subscribed and sworn to by such candidate, setting forth in substance that the statement thus made is in all respects true, and that the same is a full and detailed statement of all moneys so contributed or expended by him, directly or indirectly, by himself or through any other person in aid of his election. Candidates for offices to be filled by the electors of the entire state, or any division or district thereof greater than a county, shall file their statements in the office of the secretary of state. The candidates for town, village, and city offices, excepting the city of New York, shall file their statements in the office of the town, village, or city clerk respectively, and in cities wherein there is no city clerk, with the clerk of the common council wherein the election occurs. Candidates for all other offices, including all offices in the city and county of New York, shall file their statements in the office of the clerk of the county wherein the election occurs. Section 41_e_. A person offending against any provision of sections forty-one and forty-one-a of this act is a competent witness against another person so offending, and may be compelled to attend and testify upon any trial, hearing, proceeding, or investigation in the same manner as any other person. But the testimony so given shall not be used in any prosecution or proceeding, civil or criminal, against the person so testifying. A person so testifying shall not thereafter be liable to indictment, prosecution, or punishment for the offense with reference to which his testimony was given and may plead or prove the giving of testimony accordingly, in bar of such an indictment or prosecution. Section 41_f_. Whosoever shall violate any provision of this title, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not less than three months nor more than one year. The offenses described in section[53] forty-one and forty-one-a of this act are hereby declared to be infamous crimes. When a person is convicted of any offense mentioned in section forty-one of this act he shall in addition to the punishment above prescribed, forfeit any office to which he may have been elected at the election with reference to which such offense was committed; and when a person is convicted of any offense mentioned in section forty-one-a of this act he shall in addition to the punishment above prescribed be excluded from the right of suffrage for a period of five years after such conviction, and it shall be the duty of the county clerk of the county in which any such conviction shall be had, to transmit a certified copy of the record of conviction to the clerk of each county of the state, within ten days thereafter, which said certified copy shall be duly filed by the said county clerks in their respective offices. Any candidate for office who refuses or neglects to file a statement as prescribed in section forty-one-d of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour, punishable as above provided and shall also forfeit his office
Section 41_g_. Other crimes against the elective franchise are defined, and the punishment thereof prescribed by special statutes. Section 2. Section forty-one of the Penal Code, as it existed prior to the passage of this act, is hereby repealed. Section 3. This act shall take effect immediately. APPENDIX K
OFFICIAL BALLOT. FOR. PRECINCT, WARD, OF (CITY OR TOWN), NOVEMBER__, 18__
SAMPLE BALLOT,
SUGGESTIONS TO VOTERS
