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STRENGTH OF BEAMS, FLOORS AND ROOFS:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
PREFACE
CHAPTER I. DETERMINING THE STRENGTH OF WOODEN BEAMS
MEASURE OF BREADTH, DEPTH AND SPAN
LIVE AND DEAD LOADS
RULES FOR THE STRENGTH OF BEAMS
BEAMS SUPPORTED AT BOTH ENDS, IRREGULARLY LOADED
EQUIVALENT DISTRIBUTED LOAD, FOR A GIVEN CONCENTRATED LOAD
CANTILEVER BEAMS
CANTILEVER BEAM WITH DISTRIBUTED LOAD
STRENGTH OF CYLINDRICAL BEAMS
STIFFNESS OF BEAMS
CONTINUOUS BEAMS
BEARING OF BEAMS ON THE WALL OR SUPPORT
TABLES FOR THE STRENGTH AND STIFFNESS OF WOODEN BEAMS
CHAPTER II. HOW TO DETERMINE THE STRENGTH OR SAFE LOAD OF WOODEN FLOORS
DISTINCTION BETWEEN “STRENGTH” AND “SAFE LOAD.”
WEIGHT OF WOODEN FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
STRENGTH OF FLOOR SUPPORTED BY GIRDER
CHAPTER III. HOW TO COMPUTE THE SIZE OF FLOOR TIMBERS FOR NEW BUILDINGS
RULE FOR STRENGTH. (A.)
RULE FOR STIFFNESS. (B.)
RULES FOR SPACING OF FLOOR JOISTS
RULE (C.) STRENGTH
RULE (D.) STIFFNESS
STRENGTH OF FLOOR BEAMS FOR PUBLIC HALL.*
MR. KIDDER’S REPLY
STRENGTH OF SCHOOL ROOM FLOORS.*
MR. KIDDER’S REPLY
CHAPTER IV. TYPES OF WOODEN ROOF TRUSSES, SHOWING NUMBER AND CORRECT POSITION OF MEMBERS AND THE ACTION OF THE STRESSES. I, TRIANGULAR AND QUEEN TRUSSES; II, TRUSSES FOR FLAT ROOFS; III, SCISSORS TRUSSES
DEFINITIONS
SIMPLE FORMS OF TRIANGULAR AND QUEEN TRUSSES
ACTION OF STRESSES IN TRUSSES ILLUSTRATED
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL COMPONENTS
ACTION OF STRESSES IN FIG. 28
TRUSSES FOR FLAT ROOFS
THE TRUSS
RULES TO BE OBSERVED WHEN DESIGNING A HOWE TRUSS
LAYING OUT ROOF AND TRUSS
RULES FOR COMPUTING THE STRESSES IN A SIX-PANEL HOWE TRUSS
RODS
BRACES
TIE BEAM
COMPRESSION IN TOP CHORD
EXAMPLE
RULES FOR FINDING THE STRESSES IN A FIVE-PANEL HOWE TRUSS, FIG. 45
TO FIND THE STRESSES IN A SEVEN-PANEL HOWE TRUSS, FIG. 46
HOW TO ESTIMATE THE ROOF AND CEILING LOADS
TABLES OF DIMENSIONS FOR HOWE TRUSSES
LATTICE TRUSSES
PROPORTIONS AND CONSTRUCTION
STRESSES IN A LATTICE TRUSS
JOINTS
SCISSORS TRUSSES
PRINCIPLE OF THE SCISSORS TRUSS
STRESSES
CHAPTER V. DETERMINING THE STRESSES IN ROOF TRUSSES
DETERMINING ROOF LOADS
ALLOWANCE FOR SNOW
ALLOWANCE FOR WIND AND SNOW COMBINED
CEILINGS
COMPUTING THE TRUSS OR JOINT LOADS
TRUSS DIAGRAM FOR TRUSS 60
MEMBERS NOT SUBJECT TO STRESS
LETTERING THE TRUSS DIAGRAM
DRAWING THE STRESS DIAGRAM
DRAWING STRESS DIAGRAM FOR FIG. 63
TO DRAW THE STRESS DIAGRAM
COMPARISON OF THE GRAPHIC METHOD WITH THE RULES GIVEN ON PAGES 64 to 68
SIMPLE SCISSORS TRUSS
CHAPTER VI. HOW TO COMPUTE THE SIZES OF TRUSS MEMBERS
TIES
STRUTS
TIE BEAMS AND STRUT BEAMS
TO FIND THE SIZE OF BEAM TO RESIST THE CROSS STRAIN
RODS
STRUTS
TIE BEAMS
RODS
PRINCIPAL STRUTS
RODS
CHAPTER VII. PROPORTIONING THE JOINTS OF WOODEN ROOF TRUSSES
APPLICATION OF RULE 3
PIN AND STRAP JOINTS AS SHOWN IN FIG. 95
JOINTS AS IN FIG. 97
HIGHT OF THE TOE (FIG. 97)
BRACING OF TRUSSES WHEN SUPPORTED BY POSTS
JOINT BETWEEN BRACE AND RAFTER
DEPTH OF THE NOTCH
JOINT FORMED BY PRINCIPAL STRUT AND TOP CHORD
WASHERS
ROUND WASHERS
RECTANGULAR WASHERS
BUILT-UP TIE BEAMS
SPLICING AND BOLTING OF TOP CHORD
JOINTS IN SCISSORS TRUSSES
CHAPTER VIII. WIND BRACING OF BUILDINGS, TOWERS AND SPIRES.*
DIFFERENT METHODS OF BRACING
LOADS
STRESS IN STRUTS (COMPRESSION):
STRESS IN DIAGONALS (TENSION):
STRESS IN LEEWARD COLUMNS (COMPRESSION):
TO FIND WHETHER THERE IS DANGER OF A BUILDING BEING OVERTURNED
FIGURING STRESSES IN A TRESTLE
WIND BRACING OF FRAMED SPIRES
CHAPTER IX. EXAMPLES OF TRUSS CONSTRUCTION, WITH CRITICISM BY THE AUTHOR.* TRUSS FOR ROOF OF THIRTY-FOUR FEET SPAN
POOR CONSTRUCTION OF CHURCH ROOF
IS THE ROOF TRUSS SAFE?
TRUSS FOR HALL WITH ELLIPTIC CEILING
CRITICISM OF TRUSS CONSTRUCTION
ROOF TRUSS FOR A HALL
FORM OF TRUSS FOR 100-FOOT BUILDING
CRITICISM OF QUEEN ROD TRUSS
WHICH FORM OF TRUSS IS THE STRONGER?
IS THE TRUSS CONSTRUCTION SAFE?
TRUSS FOR DAIRY BARN
BENTS FOR 12-INCH PLANK FRAME BARN.*
INDEX
INCLUDING DIRECTIONS FOR
DESIGNING AND DETAILING ROOF TRUSSES,
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Equivalent distributed load, for all three loads, 4891 pounds.
But by the correct method of bending moments, the equivalent distributed load would be but 4,000 pounds, so that Rule 10 will give an excess of strength of a little more than one-fifth. For Example VI, Fig. 5, the error is about 18 per cent. This error, however, is always on the safe side. The exact method is to first find the greatest bending moment produced by the load, and to then proportion the beam to the bending moment. The method of finding the bending moment for any system of loading is explained in Chapter IX of The Architects’ and Builders’ Pocket Book.]
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