The Pioneer Woodsman as He Is Related to Lumbering in the Northwest
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George Henry Warren. The Pioneer Woodsman as He Is Related to Lumbering in the Northwest
Foreword
CHAPTER I. Sowing the Germ That I Knew Not
CHAPTER II. Preparations for the Wilds of Wisconsin
CHAPTER III. Entering the Wilds of Wisconsin
CHAPTER IV. Surveying and Selecting Government Timber Lands
CHAPTER V. Gaining Experience—Getting Wet
CHAPTER VI. A Birthday Supper
CHAPTER VII. A New Contract—Obstacles
CHAPTER VIII. A Few Experiences in the New and More Prosperous Field
CHAPTER IX. Tracing Gentlemen Timber Thieves—Getting Wet—Fawn
CHAPTER X. Does It Pay to Rest on Sunday?
CHAPTER XI. Indian Traits—Dog Team
CHAPTER XII. Wolves—Log Riding
CHAPTER XIII. Entering Minnesota, the New Field
CHAPTER XIV. An Evening Guest—Not Mother's Bread
CHAPTER XV. A Hurried Round Trip to Minneapolis—Many Instances
CHAPTER XVI. The Entire Party Moves to Swan River
CHAPTER XVII. Methods of Acquiring Government Land—An Abandoned Squaw
CHAPTER XVIII. United States Land Sale at Duluth—Joe LaGarde
CHAPTER XIX. Six Hundred Miles in a Birch Canoe
CHAPTER XX. Effect of Discovery of Iron Ore on Timber Industry
CHAPTER XXI. Forest Fires
CHAPTER XXII. White Pine—What of Our Future Supply?
CHAPTER XXIII. Retrospect—Meed of Praise
The Pines
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The aim will be to take the reader along on the journey of the pioneer woodsman, from comfortable hearthstone, from family, friends, books, magazines, and daily papers, and to disappear with him from all evidences of civilization and from all human companionship save, ordinarily, that of one helper who not infrequently is an Indian, and to live for weeks at a time in the unbroken forest, seldom sleeping more than a single night in one place.
The woodsman and his one companion must carry cooking utensils, axes, raw provisions of flour, meat, beans, coffee, sugar, rice, pepper, and salt; maps, plats, books for field notes; the simplest and lightest possible equipment of surveying implements; and, lastly, tent and blankets for shelter and covering at night to protect them from storm and cold.
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By running straight lines through a section, east and west and north and south, connecting the quarter corners, the section of six hundred and forty acres may be divided into four quarter sections of one hundred and sixty acres each. These may in turn be divided into four similar shaped quarters of forty acres each called "forties", which constitute the smallest regular government subdivisions, except fractional acreages caused by lakes and rivers which may cut out part of what might otherwise have been a forty. In such cases the government surveyor "meanders" or measures the winding courses, and the fractional forties thus measured are marked with the number of acres each contains. Each is called a "lot" and is given a number. These lots are noted and numbered on the surveyor's map or plat which is later recorded.
The subdivision of the mile square section is the work of the land looker, as the government ceases its work when the exterior lines are run.
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