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Chapter 1: General Data and Specifications
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Because the 351C has at least two GM nuances to its architecture, block configuration and poly-angle-valve cylinder heads, it raises questions as to how this engine family was developed in the first place. This has been a point of speculation for many years. The 351C block looks like a Ford/Oldsmobile hybrid with 289/302/351W bore spacing and size coupled with an Oldsmobile V-8’s front-end architecture that includes abundant cast iron and a steel plate timing cover, 12/6 o’clock bolt-pattern fuel pump (the only Ford V-8 to have the 12/6-pattern fuel pump), and a cast-iron water pump that also resembles Oldsmobile’s. On top, the Cleveland’s poly-angle-valve cylinder heads with those large ports and wedge chambers closely resemble Chevrolet’s 396/402/427/454-ci big-block castings of the era.
It is believed that Ford planned for one engine family, the 335-series Cleveland, to cover all engine sizes and to reduce costs. The raised-deck 400-ci Cleveland was introduced in 1971 to replace the 390- and 428-ci FE engines in full-size cars and trucks. In 1975, Ford dropped the 351C low-deck block and destroked the 400 to achieve the 351M. Ford never called the 400 “400M.” Only the 351M is considered the “M” (for Modified or Midland) engine, although it is called “400M” the world over. (Photo Courtesy Tim Meyer)
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