Reinventing Prosperity
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Graeme Maxton. Reinventing Prosperity
Отрывок из книги
– PRAISE FOR REINVENTING PROSPERITY –
“The world faces a number of monumental challenges, ranging from persistent inequality and the aging of the population to climate change and the rise of the robot. In this innovative, accessible, and persuasive book, Maxton and Randers show that we don’t need revolutionary changes to meet these challenges. They tell us how big changes can be—indeed, can only be—achieved through a set of reforms that are moderate enough to be politically feasible in the short run. It is an essential guide to those who want to change the world for the better—and for certain.”
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It does in poor societies. Rising output tends to improve well-being when most people have low incomes. The answer is not as clear when it comes to rich nations, unfortunately. Remember, GDP measures the level of economic activity, not the level of happiness. It increases when more people work, when they create more value per person per year. But it also increases when they work on tasks that are socially undesirable, such as repairing the damage caused by climate change, work that effectively wastes human input, energy, and resources because it only fixes the unwelcome consequences of previous activities. So rising GDP does not always lead to higher average levels of well-being.
It is important to understand that economic growth is mostly dependent on improved productivity. Improved productivity means that fewer resources, in the form of workers, energy, and raw materials mostly, are required to generate a given level of output. Or, put another way, while the volume of inputs remains unchanged (workers, energy, and raw materials), the volume produced increases.
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