Irish Nationality

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Green Alice Stopford. Irish Nationality

CHAPTER I. THE GAELS IN IRELAND

CHAPTER II. IRELAND AND EUROPE

CHAPTER III. THE IRISH MISSION

CHAPTER IV. SCANDINAVIANS IN IRELAND

CHAPTER V. THE FIRST IRISH REVIVAL

CHAPTER VI. THE NORMAN INVASION

CHAPTER VII. THE SECOND IRISH REVIVAL

CHAPTER VIII. THE TAKING OF THE LAND

CHAPTER IX. THE NATIONAL FAITH OF THE IRISH

CHAPTER X. RULE OF THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT

CHAPTER XI. THE RISE OF A NEW IRELAND

CHAPTER XII. AN IRISH PARLIAMENT

CHAPTER XIII. IRELAND UNDER THE UNION

SOME IRISH WRITERS ON IRISH HISTORY

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The Roman Agricola had proposed the conquest of Ireland on the ground that it would have a good effect on Britain by removing the spectacle of liberty. But there was no Roman conquest. The Irish remained outside the Empire, as free as the men of Norway and Sweden. They showed that to share in the trade, the culture, and the civilisation of an empire, it is not necessary to be subject to its armies or lie under its police control. While the neighbouring peoples received a civilisation imposed by violence and maintained by compulsion, the Irish were free themselves to choose those things which were suited to their circumstances and character, and thus to shape for their people a liberal culture, democratic and national.

It is important to observe what it was that tribal Ireland chose, and what it rejected.

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Never was a church so truly national. The words used by the common people were steeped in its imagery. In their dedications the Irish took no names of foreign saints, but of their own holy men. St. Bridgit became the "Mary of the Gael." There was scarcely a boundary felt between the divine country and the earthly, so entirely was the spiritual life commingled with the national. A legend told that St. Colman one day saw his monks reaping the wheat sorrowfully; it was the day of the celebration of Telltown fair, the yearly assembly of all Ireland before the high-king: he prayed, and angels came to him at once from heaven and performed three races for the toiling monks after the manner of the national feast.

The religion which thus sprang out of the heart of a people and penetrated every part of their national life, shone with a radiant spiritual fervour. The prayers and hymns that survive from the early church are inspired by an exalted devotion, a profound and original piety, which won the veneration of every people who came into touch with the people of Ireland. On mountain cliffs, in valleys, by the water-side, on secluded islands, lie ruins of their churches and oratories, small in size though made by masons who could fit and dovetail into one another great stones from ten to seventeen feet in length; the little buildings preserved for centuries some ancient tradition of apostolic measurements, and in their narrow and austere dimensions, and their intimate solemnity, were fitted to the tribal communities and to their unworldly and spiritual worship. An old song tells of a saint building, with a wet cloak about him —

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