A Companion to Global Gender History

A Companion to Global Gender History
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Provides a completely updated survey of the major issues in gender history from geographical, chronological, and topical perspectives    This new edition examines the history of women over thousands of years, studies their interaction with men in a gendered world, and looks at the role of gender in shaping human behavior. It includes thematic essays that offer a broad foundation for key issues such as family, labor, sexuality, race, and material culture, followed by chronological and regional essays stretching from the earliest human societies to the contemporary period. The book offers readers a diverse selection of viewpoints from an authoritative team of international authors and reflects questions that have been explored in different cultural and historiographic traditions.  Filled with contributions from both scholars and teachers,  A Companion to Global Gender History, Second Edition  makes difficult concepts understandable to all levels of students. It presents evidence for complex assertions regarding gender identity, and grapples with evolving notions of gender construction. In addition, each chapter includes suggestions for further reading in order to provide readers with the necessary tools to explore the topic further.  Features newly updated and brand-new chapters filled with both thematic and chronological-geographic essays Discusses recent trends in gender history, including material culture, sexuality, transnational developments, science, and intersectionality Presents a diversity of viewpoints, with chapters by scholars from across the world  A Companion to Global Gender History  is an excellent book for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students involved in gender studies and history programs. It will also appeal to more advanced scholars seeking an introduction to the field.

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Группа авторов. A Companion to Global Gender History

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations

Guide

Pages

A COMPANION TO GLOBAL GENDER HISTORY

List of Figures

About the Editors

Contributors

Introduction

NOTES

Chapter One Sexuality

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Two Gender and Labor in World History

Early Human Societies and the Emergence of Gender Divisions

The Emergence of Complex Societies and Gender Divisions in the Ancient World

Militarization, Decentralization, and Gender Divisions in Feudal Societies

Merchant Capitalism, Gender Ideology, and Protoindustrialization

Industrial Capitalism, and Public and Private Labor

Resistance, War, and Revolution, and the State

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTE

Chapter Three Structures and Meanings in a Gendered Family History

Sources for a Gendered Family History

Family Structures and Functions

Relations within the Family

State Intervention in Family Life

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Four The Construction of Gendered Identities in Myth and Ritual

Introduction

The Terrain and What is at Stake

Inscribing Gender in the Flesh: Making the “Female” and “Male” in the Ancient World

Circumcision, Identity, and Rites of Passage

Circumcision and the Sande and Poro of the Mende of Sierra Leone

Maintaining Gender in and through Mythology

Gender in Sande and Poro Masks

Concluding Comments

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTES

Chapter Five Gender Rules: Law and Politics

Ancient Patriarchy

The Medieval and Early Modern Periods

The French Revolution

Western Models in a Colonial Setting

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Six Race, Gender, and Other Differences in Feminist Theory

Concepts of Race

Concepts of Women, Sex, and Gender

The Inseparable Nature of Race and Gender

More than Analogous: Sexuality, Border Identities, and Disability

Located Knowledges: Representation and Positionality

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTE

Chapter Seven Gender and Material Culture History

Introduction: Genders of Things, Things of Genders

Women’s History and Material Culture Studies

Gender, Material Culture, and Consumption

Gender, Material Culture, and Production

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTES

Chapter Eight How Images Got Their Gender: Masculinity and Femininity in the Visual Arts

Women Artists and Gender Analysis

Symbolism and Subversion

Women, Gender, and the Arts of East Asia

Artist, Patron, Image

Critical Race Theory and Art

Postcolonial and Globalized Art History

LGBTQ+ Studies in Art

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTE

Chapter Nine Gender, Revolution, and Anti‐Imperialism

Revolution

Anti‐Imperialism

Transnationalism

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTE

Chapter Ten Feminist Movements: Gender and Sexual Equality

Feminist Movements and Feminism

Women and Rebellion in Early Modern Europe

Nineteenth‐Century Liberal Feminism

Socialism and Feminism

Anti‐Colonialism, National Independence, and Feminism

Feminism in the 1960s and 1970s

International Feminism and Intersectionality in the Twenty‐First Century

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Eleven Gender in the Earliest Human Societies

Gender in Prehistory (c.40,000–4,000 years BP) Neanderthals and the Middle Palaeolithic

Anatomically modern humans of the Upper Palaeolithic/Late Stone Age

Mesolithic (post‐glacial) societies

Farming and metallurgical societies (of the Neolithic, Copper, Bronze, and Iron Ages)

Studying Ancient Gender. Sociopolitics

Epistemology. Gender attribution vs. engendered processes

Positivism vs. interpretive/postmodern epistemologies

Fear of relativism and the loss of archaeology’s privileged status as a science

Analogical reasoning and retrodicting the present into the past

Methodology and the gendered practice of archaeology

Conclusions

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twelve Gendered Themes in Early African History

Kinship, Motherhood, and Healing in East Africa

Masculinity and Marriage in Southern Africa

Men’s Work, Women’s Work, and Social Organization in Central Africa

Clanship, Households, and Incorporation in Atlantic‐Era West Africa

Anlo

Baté

Gendered Themes in Early African History

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTES

Chapter Thirteen Women and Gender in Ancient Mediterranean Cultures

Religion and Rituals

Gender Identities and Sexual Norms

Social Restrictions

The Life Cycle

Women’s Work in the Household and Beyond

Governance

Warfare

Women’s Voices

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTE

Chapter Fourteen Confucian Complexities: China, Korea, Vietnam, and Japan

China

Korea

Vietnam

Japan

Summary Reflections

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Fifteen Toward Engendering Early Histories of the Indian Subcontinent: Consolidating Insights and Continuing Challenges

Introduction

From the Second to the Mid‐First Millennium BCE

Early Historic Developments

Recognizing Regional Diversities

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Sixteen Gender in the Ancient Americas: From Earliest Villages to European Colonization

Village Life

Stratified Societies

From Stratified Societies to States

Future Directions

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Seventeen Medieval Europe

Governing

Labor

Legal Structures

Material Culture

Conclusions

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTE

Chapter Eighteen Gender, Science, and Medicine in the Early Modern World

Spaces and Strategies

Science

Health and Healing

Gendered Knowledge

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Nineteen Bringing the Gender History of Early Modern Southeast Asia into Global Conversations

Gender Roles and Indigenous Ritual

Incoming Religious Influence and Changing Gender Regimes

Confucianism

Theravada Buddhism

Islam

Christianity

Gender and Rural Economics

Global Trade and Gendered Influences

Class Differences: Court and Village

Concluding Remarks

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty Women, Gender, and Sexuality in the Middle East

High Culture: Palace Women and Dynastic Politics

Elite Households Beyond the Court

Middle and Lower Class Women in Provincial Towns and the Countryside

Gender, Sexuality, and Poetry

Eighteenth‐Century Changes

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty‐One Did Gender Have a Renaissance? Reconsidering Categories in Early Modern Western Europe

Renaissance Italy

Work and Family

Protestant and Catholic Reformations

Gender, Power, and Politics

The Many Women of Early Modern Europe

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty‐Two The Atlantic World

Gender and the Imposition of Imperial Control

Women, Gender, and the Adaptation and/or Acquiescence to Imperial Control

Women, Gender, and Resistance to Empire

Conclusion: Empire as a Gendered Category of Analysis

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTES

Chapter Twenty‐Three New Global Imperialism

Stages of Empire

The “Woman Question”

Race, Gender, and Empire

Mixed‐Race Families

Masculinity, Sexuality, and Empire

The “Other” Empire

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty‐Four Women’s and Gender History in the Middle East and North Africa, 1750–World War I

Property and Power

Law and Gender

Sexuality

Family Life

The “New Woman”

Women’s Movements and Nationalism

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty‐Five Gender, Women, and Power in Africa, 1750–1914

Kinship and Conjugality

Slavery and Women’s Work

Political Power Wielded by Women

Women and Trade: Issues of Autonomy and Agency

Gender, Colonial Capitalism, and Initial Colonial Conditions

Sexuality, Masculinity, and Control of Women

Conclusions Without Closure

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty‐Six Clash of Cultures: Gender and Colonialism in South and Southeast Asia, Australia, and New Zealand

South Asia

Southeast Asia

Australia and New Zealand

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty‐Seven From Private to Public Patriarchy: Women, Labor, and the State in East Asia, 1600–1919

Status Inequality and Sex Segregation

Crises and Reforms in the Nineteenth Century

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Twenty‐Eight Gender, Power, and Society in Western Europe, 1750–1914

Introduction

Enlightenment and Revolution

Domesticity and its Discontents

Industrialism and Urbanism

Power and Politics

Empire, Travel, and Leisure

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTES

Chapter Twenty‐Nine Gender in Russia and Eastern Europe, 1750–1914

Elite Women

Serf Women

Jewish Women

Intellectual and Cultural Life

The Emancipation of the Serfs

Women’s Education

Women's Charitable Activities

Reform and Revolutions

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTE

Chapter Thirty Turbulent Times: Gender in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1750–World War I

The Eighteenth Century

Rebellions

Independence Wars

Slavery and Emancipation

Gender and Nation

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Thirty‐One North America from North of the 49th Parallel

Overviews and Collections

New France and British North America

Indigenous Women

Working and Family Lives in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries

Middle and Upper‐Class Women: Law, Religion and Social Reform

Bodies, Reproductive Health and Sexuality

Science and Healthcare

Women’s Suffrage

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Thirty‐Two Feminism and Gender Construction in Modern Asia

Nationalism, Feminism, and Gender in South Asia

Pakistan

Bangladesh

Gender in Colonial and Postcolonial Southeast Asia

Indonesia

The Philippines

Vietnam

Gender in Modern Northeast Asia: Korea, China, and Japan. Korea

China

Japan

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Thirty‐Three African Women since 1918: Gender as a Determinant of Status

The Colonial Period post‐1918

The Late Colonial and Postcolonial Periods

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Thirty‐Four The Gender of Modernization and the Modernization of Gender: Latin America and the Caribbean since 1914

Gender at the Dawn of Latin America’s Age of Extremes

Personal Politics: Gender and the Rise of Populism

Gender in the Hot Spots of the Cold War

The “New Wave” of Latin American Feminism

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

Chapter Thirty‐Five Gender in Russia and Eastern Europe since World War I

Transformations in “Old Regime” Eastern Europe

Reform and Authoritarianism in Interwar Eastern Europe

Gender and the Second World War

Socialism and Gender in Postwar Eastern Europe

Private Life Rebounds in the Soviet Union

Gender in Post‐Socialist Russia and Eastern Europe

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ADDITIONAL READING

NOTES

Thirty‐six Equality and Difference in the West since World War I: North America, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand

World War I and Women’s Suffrage

Social Consequences of World War I

The Depression, Backlash, and World War II

The Postwar Boom and the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s

The Women’s and Gay Liberation Movements

Successes and Failures of Second‐Wave Feminism

Social and Demographic Change in the Late Twentieth and Early Twenty‐First Centuries

Equality and Difference in the Fractured Societies of the Twenty‐First Century

Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING

NOTES

Index

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BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO HISTORY

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Barbara Winslow is Professor Emerita, Brooklyn College, where she was the Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program as well as the Coordinator of the Secondary Social Studies Program. She is also the founder and Director Emerita of the “Shirley Chisholm Project of Brooklyn Women's Activism, 1945 to the Present” (chisholmproject.com). Her many publications include Sylvia Pankhurst: Sexual Politics and Political Activism, (1996, reprinted 2021), Shirley Chisholm: Catalyst for Change (2013), Clio in the Classroom: A Guide to Teaching US History (with Carol Berkin and Margaret Crocco; 2009), and with Julie Gallagher, Reshaping Women's History: Voices of Non Traditional Women Historians (2018).

Christine D. Worobec is Distinguished Research Professor Emerita at Northern Illinois University. She is the author of Peasant Russia: Family and Community in the Pre‐Emancipation Period (1991) and Possessed: Women, Witches, and Demons in Imperial Russia (2001). She also co‐authored Russia's Women: Accommodation, Resistance, Transformation (1991).

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