Оглавление
Группа авторов. Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Metal Oxide Nanocomposites. Synthesis and Applications
Preface
1. Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: State-of-the-Art and New Challenges
1.1 Introduction to Nanocomposites
1.2 Graphene-Based Metal and Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
1.3 Carbon Nanotube–Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
1.4 Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites Application Towards Photocatalysis
1.5 Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Sensor Applications
1.6 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites and its Thermal Property Analysis
1.7 Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Photocatalytic and Gas Sensing Applications
1.8 Applications of Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites
References
2. Introduction to Nanocomposites
2.1 Composites: An Introduction
2.2 Functions of Fibers and Matrix
2.3 Classification of Composites
2.4 Matrix-Based Composites
2.4.1 Polymer Matrix Materials
2.4.1(a) Thermoplastics
2.4.1(b) Thermosets
2.4.2 Metal Matrix Materials
2.4.3 Ceramic Matrix Materials
2.4.4 Carbon Matrices
2.4.5 Glass Matrices
2.5 Reinforcements
2.5.1 Fiber Reinforcement
2.5.1(a) Glass Fiber
2.5.1(b) Metals Fibers
2.5.1(c) Alumina Fibers
2.5.1(d) Boron Fibers
2.5.1(e) Silicon Carbide Fibers
2.5.1(f) Aramid Fibers
2.5.1(g) Quartz and Silica Fibers
2.5.1(h) Graphite Fibers
2.5.2 Whiskers
2.5.3 Laminar Composites
2.5.4 Flake Composites
2.5.5 Filled Composites
2.5.6 Particulate Reinforced Composites
2.5.7 Cermets
2.5.8 Microspheres
2.5.8(a) Solid Glass Microspheres (SGM)
2.5.8(b) Hollow Microspheres (HM)
2.6 Polymer Composites
2.6.1 Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Composites
2.6.2 Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composites
2.6.3 Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
2.7 Composites Processing
2.8 Composites Product Fabrication
2.9 Application of Composites
2.9.1 The Aerospace Industry
2.9.2 The Automotive Industry
2.9.3 The Sporting Goods Industry
2.9.4 Marine Applications
2.9.5 Consumer Goods
2.9.6 Construction and Civil Structures
2.9.7 Industrial Applications
2.10 Special Features of Composites
2.11 Composites vs Metals
2.12 Advantages of Composites
2.13 Disadvantage of Composites
2.14 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
3. Graphene-Based Metal and Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Graphene
3.3 Reduced Graphene Oxide
3.4 Graphene-Based Composites
3.5 Graphene-Based Hybrid Nanocomposites
3.6 The Mechanics of Graphene Nanocomposites
3.7 Functionalization
3.7.1 Covalent Functionalization
3.7.2 Non-Covalent Functionalization
3.8 Thermal Properties
3.9 Conclusions
References
4. Carbon Nanotube−Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Synthesis Methods
4.2.1 Ex Situ Approach
4.2.2 In Situ Approach
4.3 Environmental Applications
4.3.1 Sensors
4.3.2 Antimicrobial Agents
4.3.3 Desalination Membranes
4.3.4 Activated Oxidation of Organic Contaminants
4.3.5 Photodegradation of Organics
4.3.6 Chemical Reductive Removal of Contaminants
4.3.7 Adsorptive Removal of Contaminants. 4.3.7.1 Adsorptive Removal of Organic Contaminants
4.3.7.2 Adsorptive Removal of Inorganic Contaminants
4.3.8 Remediation of Sediment, Soil, and Groundwater
4.4 Environmental Fate, Transport, and Transformation
4.4.1 Colloidal Stability and Aggregation
4.4.2 Physical Transport and Deposition
4.4.3 Chemical and Biological Transformation
4.5 Environmental Implications
4.6 Conclusions and Future Research Direction
References
5. Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites Application Towards Photocatalysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Nanocomposite Photocatalysts Based on Metal Oxide. 5.2.1 Nanocomposite Photocatalysts Based on TiO2
5.2.2 Nanocomposite Photocatalysts Based on ZnO
5.2.3 Nanocomposite Photocatalysts Based on WOx
5.3 Application of Metal Oxide Composites in Photocatalysis. 5.3.1 Water Splitting for Hydrogen Generation
5.3.2 Photo-Degradation of Pollutants
5.3.3 Wettability Patterning Based on Photocatalysts
5.4 Summary and Outlook
References
6. Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Sensor Applications
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Binding of Metal Oxide with Imidazole
6.2.1 Surface Functionalization of Nano ZnO With 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS)
6.2.2 Surface Functionalization of Nano NiO With 5-Amino-2- Mercaptobenzimidazole (AMB)
6.2.3 Surface Functionalization of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
6.2.4 Surface Functionalization of Nano Ag3O4 With 5-Amino-2-Mercaptobenzimidazole (AMB)
6.3 Characterizations
6.3.1 XRD Analysis of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
6.3.2 SEM/EDX, AFM and TEM Analysis of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
6.3.3 HR-SEM Images and EDX Spectral Analysis of n-NiO and f-NiO
6.3.4 Characterization of Nano ZnO
6.3.5 X-Ray Diffraction Pattern, SEM Images and EDX Spectral Studies of Ag3O4 Nanoparticles with AMB
6.4 Absorption Characteristics. 6.4.1 Absorption Characteristics of AMB–NiO Nanoparticles
6.4.2 Absorption Characteristics of APTS–ZnO Nanoparticles
6.4.3 Absorption Characteristics of APTS–Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
6.4.4 Absorption Characteristics of AMB–Ag3O4 Nanoparticles
6.5 Emission Characteristics. 6.5.1 Fluorescence Characteristics of AMB–NiO Nanoparticles
6.5.2 Fluorescence Characteristics of ZnO Nanoparticles With APTS
6.5.3 Fluorescence Quenching of APTS by Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
6.5.4 Evidence for Linkage
6.5.5 Fluorescence Quenching Characteristics of AMB Modified Ag3O4 Nanoparticles and Mechanism
6.6 Sensor Mechanism
6.7 Conclusions
References
7. Metal Oxide Nanocomposites and its Thermal Property Analysis
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Thermal Management
7.3 Synthesis Procedures
7.3.1 Two-Step Process
7.3.2 One-Step Process
7.4 Mechanism of Thermal Conductivity Enhancement
7.4.1 Brownian Motion of Nanoparticles
7.4.2 Clustering of Nanoparticles
7.4.3 Liquid Layering Around Nanoparticles
7.4.4 Water Nanolayer
7.4.5 Ballistic Phonon Transport in Nanoparticles
7.4.6 Near Field Radiation
7.4.7 Thermal Transport Phenomena in Nanoparticle Suspensions
7.5 Thermal Conductivity Models for Nanofluids
7.5.1 Classical Effective Medium Theory (EMT)-Based Models
7.5.2 Nanolayer-Based Models
7.5.2.1 Theoretical Models
7.5.2.2 Combined Models
7.5.2.3 Computational Models
7.5.3 Brownian Motion-Based Models
7.5.3.1 Theoretical Models
7.5.3.2 Computational Models
7.5.4 Aggregation-Based Models
7.5.4.1 Combined Effects Models
7.5.4.2 Computational Models
7.5.5 Other Mechanism-Based Models
References
8. Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Photocatalytic and Gas Sensing Applications
8.1 Semiconducting Metal Oxide as Photocatalysts
8.1.1 Organic Dyes as Major Source of Water Pollution
8.1.2 Conventional Method used for Dye Degradation
8.1.3 Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs)
8.1.3.1 Homogeneous Photocatalysis
8.1.3.2 Heterogeneous Photocatalysts
8.1.4 Role of Electronic Structure of Semiconducting Metal Oxide in Photocatalysis
8.1.5 Basic Principle of Photocatalysis
8.1.6 Oxidizing Species Generation Mechanism
8.1.7 Semiconductor Photocatalysts
8.1.8 Kinetic Studies of Semiconductor Photocatalysis
8.1.9 Parameter Affecting the Dye Degradation
8.1.9.1 Catalyst Loading
8.1.9.2 Dye Concentration
8.1.9.3 Temperature
8.1.9.4 pH
8.2 Semiconducting Metal Oxide as Gas Sensor
8.2.1 Need of Gas Sensors
8.2.2 Evolution of Gas Sensors. 8.2.2.1 Canary in a Cage
8.2.2.2 Flame Safety Lamp (Davey’s Lamp)
8.2.3 Semiconducting Metal Oxides as Gas Sensors
8.2.4 Metal Oxide Gas Sensing Mechanism
8.2.5 Factors Influencing the Sensor Performance
8.3 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
9. Applications of Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Food and Agricultural Sector
9.3 Applications in Medicine
9.4 Water Barrier Properties
9.5 Thermal and Flame Retardants Apparitions
9.6 Water Disinfection Ability
9.7 Water Flux Application
9.8 Nanocomposites Membrane Apparitions
9.9 Wastewater Treatment
9.10 Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation
9.11 Adsorption Performances Apparitions
9.12 Electrocatalytic Applications
9.13 Biosensors Application
9.14 Sensing Applications
9.15 Other Industrial Appreciations
9.16 Conclusions
References
10. Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications
10.1 Introduction
10.2 What is Triboelectric Effect?
10.3 Mechanism of Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG)
10.4 How to Select the Materials for Your TENG?
10.5 Basic Operating Modes of TENG
10.5.1 Vertical Contact Separation Mode
10.5.2 Lateral Sliding Mode
10.5.3 Single Electrode Mode
10.5.4 Freestanding Triboelectric Layer Mode
10.6 TENG as Mechanical Energy Harvester
10.6.1 TENG Based on Vertical Contact Separation Mode
10.6.2 TENG Based on Lateral Sliding Mode
10.6.3 TENG Based on Single Electrode Mode
10.6.4 TENG Based on Free Standing Triboelectric Layer Mode
10.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
References
11. Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Adsorptive Removal of Water Pollutants
11.3 Photocatalytic Decomposition of Water Pollutants
11.4 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
11.5 Removal and Decomposition of Inorganic Pollutants by Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
11.6 Removal and Decomposition of Organic Pollutants by Metal Oxide Nanocomposites. 11.6.1 Adsorptive Removal and Photocatalytic Decomposition of Dyes
11.6.2 Adsorptive Removal and Photocatalytic Decomposition of APIs
11.6.3 Adsorptive Removal and Photocatalytic Decomposition of Pesticides
11.7 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Index
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