Оглавление
Группа авторов. Russian Active Measures
Acknowledgements
About the Editor and Contributors
Foreword
Introduction. A Blind Spot of Active Measures
Bibliography
The Many Faces of the New Information Warfare
A Russian Vision: The First and Second Global Information Wars
Soviet Propaganda and Disinformation
How Does the Russian Propaganda Machine Work?
“Russia Beyond the Headlines”: Targeting Western Elites
Buying Western Papers: The Case of France-Soir
Kremlin Trolls
Hiring Western Communication Firms
The “Russian World”
Financing Political Parties
Election Interference as the Kremlin’s Infowar Weapon
How to Fight the Russian Infowar?
Conclusion
Bibliography
KGB Special Operations, Cultural Consumption, and the Youth Culture in Soviet Ukraine, 1968–1985
The KGB, College Students, and Soviet Hippies
The KGB Anti-Fascist Campaign
The KGB Campaign against the Punks
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Bibliography. Printed Sources
Archival Sources
Interviews
The KGB Operation “Retribution” and John Demjanjuk
The Soviet Dissident and Western Human Rights Movements
The KGB and the OSI against Demjanjuk
The KGB Operation “Retribution”
Epilogue
Acknowledgments
Bibliography
Archival Sources
Disinformation. Soviet Origins of Contemporary Russian Ukrainophobia
Soviet Origins of Russian Information Warfare and Disinformation. Soviet and Russian “Wet Operations” and Terrorism
Soviet and Russian Hybrid Warfare
Soviet and Russian Information Warfare and Dezinformatsiia
Soviet and Russian Cyber Warfare and Hacking
Soviet and Contemporary Russian Views of Ukraine and Ukrainians
Russian Nationalist Attitudes toward Ukraine and Ukrainians
Territorial Demands against “Artificial Ukraine”
Eastern Slavs Constitute the “Russian People”
Eight Themes in Russian Information Warfare and Disinformation
Ukrainians as Nazis and Fascists
Ukrainian Nationalists as Practitioners of Genocide against Russian Speakers
Anti-Zionism Camouflaged as Anti-Semitism
Ukrainian Nationalists as Puppets of the West
Ukraine as an Artificial Construct
Dehumanization of Ukrainians
Spreading Disillusionment in Reforms and European Integration
Diverting Blame from Russia
Conclusion
Bibliography
Russian Active Measures against Ukraine (2004) and Estonia (2007)
Russian Interference in the 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections. Sources
Methods
Consequences
The Cyberattacks on Estonia in 2007. Sources
Methods
Consequences
Analysis and Results. Sources
Methods
Consequences
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Bibliography
Russian (Dis)Information Warfare vis-à-vis the Holodomor-Genocide
The Meaning of Denial
Denial Tactics. Challenging the Legal Definition
Advancing the “All-Union” Famine Argument
Covering Up the Losses
Criminalizing Holodomor Studies
Revanche of the Pro-Russian Forces
Implications
Acknowledgments
Bibliography
Russian Influence on Italian Culture, Academia, and Think Tanks
Rome and Moscow: An Old Friendship
Forty-Five Years of the PCI’s “Cultural Hegemony,” 1944–1989
The Rise of Neo-Eurasianism in Italy, 1991–2004
From the Color Revolutions to the Ukrainian Crisis:The Increasing Influence of the Italian Russlandversteher, 2004–2014
Italian Neo-Eurasianists Enter the Mainstream
Russian Connections with Italian Universities and Think Tanks
Free International University of Social Studies (LUISS), Rome
University of Rome “La Sapienza”
Ca’ Foscari University, Venice
University of Urbino
Link Campus University (Rome)
Institute of Advanced Studies in Geopolitics and Auxiliary Sciences (IsAG)
The Institute for International Political Studies (ISPI)
The Italian Society for International Organizations (SIOI)
Conclusion
Bibliography
Russian Influence Operations in Scandinavia. The Case of Sweden’s Largest Tabloid Aftonbladet
Background and International Context: From Hack-and-Leak to Russian State Media
The International Dimension
The “Secret Network” of the Integrity Initiative
The Swedish Dimension of the Operation
Conclusion
Bibliography
The Trojan Media. Narrative Framing on Russian Television in the Occupied Donbas
Salient Concerns in the Donbas
Security Concerns
Socio-Economic Concerns
Concerns for the Future
The Tactics of Media Manipulation
Active Measures and the War in the Donbas
Methods and Data
Analysis and Discussion. Ukraine as a State
The Ukrainian People
Ukraine’s Leaders
The Occupied Donbas
Conclusion
Bibliography
