Оглавление
Группа авторов. Clinical Cases in Paramedicine
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Dedication
Clinical Cases in Paramedicine
Preface
List of contributors
Chapter 1 Respiratory emergencies
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Asthma
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Pulmonary embolism (PE)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Life‐threatening asthma
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Respiratory sepsis
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Smoke inhalation
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
References and further reading
Chapter 2 Cardiac emergencies
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Cardiac arrest
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the property
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Case history
TASK
Case Progression
Vital signs
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the property
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Vital signs
Case history
TASK
Case Progression
Patient Assessment Triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Pericarditis and pericardial tamponade
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Narrow complex tachycardia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing:
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. S‐T segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital Signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Hyperkalemia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
TASK
Case Progression. History taking
TASK
Case Progression. History taking (cont.)
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
TASK
References and further reading
Chapter 3 Neurological emergencies
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Environment
TASK
Case Progression. Vital signs
Case Progression
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Dementia: Delirium
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Environment
TASK
Case Progression. Vital signs
History taking. Presenting complaint
History of presenting complaint
Past medical history
Medications
Social history
Family history
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Haemorrhagic stroke
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient triangle assessment. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Environment
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression. Answers gathered from history taking
Pain assessment questions
FAST test examination
Case Progression
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Seizure
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient Triangle Assessment. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Environment
TASK
Case Progression. Vital signs
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Epidural Haematoma
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Catastrophic haemorrhage
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Environment
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Vital Signs
Cranial nerve examination
Motor function
Sensory
Symptoms
Case Progression
Vital signs
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Meningococcal septicaemia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
Environment
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression. Summary of history‐taking answers
Case Progression
Vital signs
Exposure
References and further reading
Chapter 4 Abdominal emergencies
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Acute appendicitis
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle: General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Gastroenteritis
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
History taking
Examination findings
Vital signs
Urinalysis
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Ectopic pregnancy
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Portal hypertension
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Gallbladder and biliary obstruction
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
References and further reading
Chapter 5 Palliative and end‐of‐life care
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Exacerbation of illness in a patient with a cancer diagnosis
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Shortness of breath in the patient with a life‐limiting illness
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Pain management during end‐of‐life care situations
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. The unconscious patient
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Interventions and end‐of‐life care in the aged population
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Family conflict – the paediatric patient
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
TASK
References and further reading
Chapter 6 Medical emergencies
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Hypoglycaemia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle: General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Convulsions
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Cardiac arrest
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
Collateral history
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Hypothermia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Anaphylaxis
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Seizure
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
References and further reading
Chapter 7 Non‐technical skills
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Situational awareness
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
TASK
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Case Progression A
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
Case Progression B
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital Signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Communication
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Approaching the scene
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
TASK
Case Progression
TASK
Case Progression
Case Progression
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Egoism
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
Case Progression
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Team working
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
TASK
Case Progression
Case Progression
PRACTICAL TIP
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Decision making
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
TASK
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Flexibility
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation of the skin
Work of breathing
TASK
Case Progression
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Case Progression
References and further reading
Chapter 8 Trauma cases
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Burns
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Limb injury following a fall from height
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Catastrophic haemorrhage
C‐spine
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
TASK
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Car versus pedestrian
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Motorcyclist
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Catastrophic haemorrhage
C‐spine
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Catastrophic haemorrhage
C‐spine
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Severe burns
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Hanging
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
PRACTICAL TIP
References and further reading
Chapter 9 Paediatric cases
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle: General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Toothache
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Case Progression
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Febrile convulsions
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Trauma
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance:
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Unintentional overdose
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Meningococcal disease
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Previous medical history
TASK
Case Progression
Vital signs
References and further reading
Chapter 10 Patient‐centred care in complex cases
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Transgender persons
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Homelessness
CASE
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
PRACTICAL TIP
TASK
Case Progression
Patient Assessment Triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Religion and sensitive examinations
CASE
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Dangers
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
PRACTICAL TIP
Case Progression
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Dangers
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Rural communities and social determinants of health
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Secondary survey
Vital signs
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Disability care and compassion fatigue
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Secondary survey
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. End‐of‐life care
CASE
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Dangers
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
TASK
PRACTICAL TIP
Case Progression
Vital signs
Case Progression
TASK
References and further reading
Chapter 11 Legal and ethical cases
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Consent
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Confidentiality
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Clinical negligence
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Healthcare records
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Mental health and cultural sensitivities
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Paediatrics and end‐of‐life care
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
References and further reading
Chapter 12 Mental health cases
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Anxiety
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Mental health assessment
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Depression
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH
Mental health assessment
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Bipolar disorder
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Mental health assessment
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Schizophrenia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
TASK
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Drug‐induced psychosis
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital Signs
Exposure
Task
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Mental health assessment
References and further reading
Chapter 13 Older adults
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Fractured neck of femur (NOF)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Vital signs
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Pelvic fracture
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Vital signs
Exposure
Case Progression
Vital signs
TASK
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Drug overdose
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Vital signs
Exposure
Previous medical history (details provided by son)
Social history
Regular medication
TASK
Case Progression
Vital signs
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Fall, minor injury
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Vital signs
Exposure
Previous medical history
Social history
Regular medication (details found on prescription)
TASK
Case Progression
Vital signs
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Loss of balance
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Vital signs
Exposure
Previous medical history
Social history
Regular medication (details found on prescription)
TASK
TASK
Case Progression
Vital signs
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Safeguarding concerns
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Vital signs
Exposure
Previous medical history
Social history
Regular medication (details found on prescription)
TASK
Case Progression
Vital signs
References and further reading
Chapter 14 Obstetric cases
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Normal birth
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
Case Progression
Case Progression
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDIES. Cord prolapse
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Postpartum haemorrhage
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Catastrophic haemorrhage
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Shoulder dystocia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Breech birth
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Placenta praevia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
References and further reading
Chapter 15 Remote area cases
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1. Hypothermia
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL ONE CASE STUDY. Heat illness
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival at the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Envenomation – snake bite
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Airway
Breathing:
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Animal attack
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Diving injury
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the scene
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Acute altitude illness
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
References and further reading
Chapter 16 Mining emergencies
CHAPTER CONTENTS
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Febrile seizure
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Paediatric assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
LEVEL 1 CASE STUDY. Monoarticular trauma (ankle dislocation)
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Case Progression
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Unstable angina
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
History (OPQRST)
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
TASK
LEVEL 2 CASE STUDY. Heat stroke
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Chemical burns
CASE
Pre‐arrival information
Windscreen report
Entering the location
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
PRACTICAL TIP
LEVEL 3 CASE STUDY. Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non‐ketotic syndrome
CASE
On arrival with the patient
Patient assessment triangle. General appearance
Circulation to the skin
Work of breathing
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH. Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Vital signs
Exposure
TASK
Case Progression. Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Pertinent past history
Last oral intake
Events leading up to the illness
Out‐of‐hospital treatment
References and further reading
Index
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