Оглавление
Группа авторов. Judaism I
Contents
Editors’ Introduction
1 Die Wissenschaft des Judentums
2 World War II and Vatican II
3 Jacob Neusner resets the agenda
4 Martin Hengel, Judentum und Hellenismus (Judaism and Hellenism)
5 The New Academy
6 Kohlhammer’s Die Religionen der Menschheit
7 What is not featured in these volumes
8 What is in these volumes
8.1 Judaism I: History. 1 Judaism, Hellenism, and the Maccabees
2 Jews in the West: From Herod to Constantine the Great
3 The Resilience of Jews and Judaism in Late Roman-Byzantine Eretz Israel
4 Judaism in Babylonia
5 Jews and/under Islam, 650–1000 CE
6 Judaism in the Middle Ages 1000–1500
7 Judaism During and After the Expulsions 1492–1750
8 Modern Judaism 1750–1930
9 The Holocaust and Antisemitism
10 Zionism and the State of Israel
11 Judaism in America
12 Judaism in Europe after the Second World War
8.2 Judaism II: Literature. 13 The Jewish Bible: Traditions and Translations
14 Jewish Literature in the Hellenistic-Roman Period (350 B.C.E. –150 C.E.)
15 Tannaitic Literature
16 Amoraic Literature (ca 250–650 CE): Talmud and Midrash
17 Rabbinic-Gaonic and Karaite Literatures (ca. 650–1050 CE)
18 Legal Commentary, Responsa, and Codes Literature
19 Medieval Biblical Commentary and Aggadic Literature
20 Piyyut
21 Jewish Liturgy
22 Jewish Mysticism
8.3 Judaism III: Culture and Modernity. 23 Jewish Philosophy and Thought
24 Judaism, Feminism, and Gender
25 Halakhah (Jewish Law) in Contemporary Judaism
26 Jewish engagement(s) with Modern Culture
27 Languages of the Jews
28 Modern Jewish Literature
29 Judaism and Inter-faith Relations since World War II
9 Conclusion
Judaism, Hellenism, and the Maccabees
1 The Hellenization of Ancient Judaism—Preliminary Notes
2 Judaism and Hellenism in the Land of Israel/Judea—»Palestinian Judaism« as »Hellenistic Judaism«6. 2.1 The reception of Greek/Hellenistic culture in Judea7. Greek language
Greek education and training
Greek literature and philosophy in Jewish Palestine
Greek translations of Jewish Hebrew works, taking Jesus ben Sirach as an example: The prologue of the grandson as a translator
3 The LXX as a Translation. 3.1 The special features of the LXX as a translation
3.2 On the origins of the LXX—legend and history34. Letter of (Pseudo-)Aristeas
Philo
Josephus
The Torah for King Talmai41
4 The Temple Conflict under Antiochus IV and the Maccabean Revolt. 4.1 Preliminary remarks
4.2 History of research47
4.3 The events58
4.4 Reception of the martyrdom of the mother and her seven sons. Ancient Judaism
5 The Samaritans. 5.1 On the history of the Samaritans
5.2 Basic features of Samaritan theology in Antiquity
6 The Temple in Jerusalem, Other Jewish Temples, and Communities without a Temple. 6.1 The temple in Jerusalem and other Jewish temples
6.2 Judaism without a temple. The Yahad81 of Qumran
Atonement for the land84
Polemic against the »Wicked Priest«: date of the Day of Atonement
Distance from sacrifices among the Essenes93
6.3 Guide to a Judaism without a temple—the Pharisees
6.4 The followers of Jesus of Nazareth
7 The synagogue—History and Significance. 7.1 The emergence of the synagogue
7.2 The functions of the synagogue
7.3 Synagogues in the Diaspora
Egypt
Rome
Outlook
8 Sacred Writings in Judaism of the Hellenistic-Roman Period
9 The Emergence of the Canon of Biblical Writings in Alexandria and Judea—Concluding Remarks
10 Final Reflections on Judaism and Hellenism134
For further reading
Jews in the West: From Herod to Constantine the Great
1 Introduction
2 Herod (37–4 BCE)
3 Herodian Dynasty (4 BCE–66 CE)
4 Flavius Josephus
5 Roman Administration and the Run-up to the War
6 Jewish Identity and Jewish Extremism
7 The Jewish War (66–73 CE)
8 The Interbellum and Bar Kokhbah (73–136 CE)
9 The Legal Status of Jews under Roman Rule
9.1 Jews in the Roman Diaspora
9.2 Diaspora Uprising 115–117 CE
9.3 Jewish Alexandria
9.4 Jews of Rome
10 Pagan Perspectives on Jews and Judaism
11 The Jesus Movement and Early Christianity
12 The Rabbinic Movement
13 Conclusion
For further reading. Primary sources in English Translation
Secondary Reading
The Resilience of Jews and Judaism in Late Roman-Byzantine Eretz Israel
1 Introduction
2 Developments in the History of Palestine in the Late Roman Era (Second and Third Centuries)
3 Within the Byzantine-Christian Orbit
4 Synagogues
4.1 Capernaum
4.2 Ḥammat Tiberias
4.3 Sepphoris
4.4 Ḥuqoq
5 Remains from the Cairo Genizah
6 The Flourishing of Jewish Culture in Late Antiquity
6.1 Burgeoning synagogue Construction
6.2 The Appearance of Piyyut in Jewish Liturgy
6.3 Aggadic Midrashim: A New Creation
6.4 Jewish Art in Late Antiquity
7 Jewish »Late Antiquity« in its wider Cultural Context
8 Conclusions
For further reading
Judaism in Babylonia: 226–650 CE
1 Jewish settlement, community, and daily life
2 Under the Arsacid and Sasanian Empires
3 Jews and Persians
4 The Babylonian Legacy
5 Rabbis and Rabbinic Schools
6 The Exilarchate
For further reading
Jews and/under Islam: 650–1000 CE
1 General Conditions
2 The Pact of ʿUmar
3 Communal Organization
4 Daily Life
5 The Karaite Schism
6 Religious Life
7 Regional Life
For further reading
Judaism in the Middle Ages: 1000–1500
1 Introduction
2 Northern Europe Jewry: Beginnings
3 Northern European Jewry: Maturation
4 Northern European Jewry: Accelerating Pressures
5 Southern European Jewry
6 Conclusions
For further reading
Judaism During and After the Expulsions: 1492–1750
1 The »Early Modern« Period
2 The Catastrophe: Expulsion from Spain
3 The Recovery of Judaism 1492–1618
4 Early Modern Judaism. 4.1 The Formation of Early Modern Judaism
4.2 Printing and Literacy
4.3 Kabbalah
5 The Seventeenth Century. 5.1 The Jews in the Global Crisis of the Seventeenth Century (1618–1676)
5.2 The Spiritual Crisis of the Mid-Seventeenth Century: Baruch Spinoza and Shabbetai Tsvi
5.3 New Centers and New Peripheries 1675–1750
6 Hasidism and its Opponents: 1740–the Present
For further reading
Modern Judaism: 1750–1930
1 When did »Modern Judaism« begin?
2 Moses Mendelssohn and the Jewish Enlightenment (Haskalah)
3 Jewish Enlightenment in Europe
4 The Birth and Solidification of Hasidism
5 Ostjuden
6 Wissenschaft des Judentums
7 The Debate between Orthodoxy and Reform
8 Modern American Judaism
9 The Emergence of Zionism
For further reading
The Holocaust and Anti-Semitism
1 The Rise of the Nazi Movement. 1.1 Adolf Hitler—Evolution of an Anti-Semite
1.2 Roots of Anti-Semitism
1.3 Nazi Rise to Power
1.4 The Fragility of Democracy
1.5 Nazis in Power
1.6 German Jewish Reaction
1.7 The 1936 Olympics
2 1938—The End of the Beginning and the Beginning of the End. 2.1 The »Anschluss« of Austria
2.2 Evian and the Refugee Crisis
2.3 The Kristallnacht Reich’s Pogrom, the Night of Broken Glass
2.4 The American Reaction
3 The Beginning of World War II
3.1 German Conquests
3.2 The Ghettos
3.3 Resistance in the Ghettos
3.4 Jewish Life in Western Europe
3.5 Theresienstadt
4 The Final Solution
4.1 The Killers
4.2 Situation in the Baltics
4.3 The Wannsee Conference
4.4 »Liquidation« of the Ghettos
4.5 Deportation by Rail
4.6 Death Camps
4.7 Death Marches
5 The Aftermath of World War II. 5.1 Liberation
5.2 Return to Life
5.3 Nuremberg Trials
5.4 Genocide: The Word and the Crime
6 Anti-Semitism after World War II. 6.1 Eroding the Foundations of Christian Anti-Semitism
The Catholic Church
The Protestant Churches
6.2 Jewish Life in Israel
6.3 Anti-Semitism in North America
6.4 Anti-Semitism in Europe
Eastern Europe
7 Survivors and Memory. 7.1 Survival and Survivors
7.2 Holocaust Memory in the Contemporary World
For further reading
Zionism and the State of Israel
1 »By the Rivers of Babylon«: The Early History of Zionism
2 Jewish Palestine before the First World War
3 The First World War and the Balfour Declaration, 1917
4 Consolidation and Advances: The Zionist Project under the British Mandate
5 In the Shadow of the Shoah: Jewish Mass Immigration, the Arab Uprising and, the Second World War
6 Partition Plans in Context: En Route to the State of Israel
7 War and Terrorism: Signs of a Violent Relationship between Israel and Palestine
8 The Founding of the State of Israel
9 Foundations of State and Society
10 The Israelis: A Migrant Society in Flux
11 Israel in the Middle East: Between War and Peace-Process
12 Democracy under Stress
13 The Israeli Economic Miracle and the Nuclear Nightmare
14 Israel’s Image in the World
15 Future Prospects: Looking Ahead
For further reading
Judaism in America
1 A Revolution in American Judaism
2 Conflict and Competition
3 Americanizing Jewish Culture: Capitalism and Gender
4 Jewish Communal Organizations
5 New Religious Movements
6 Postwar Religion and Politics
7 American Jews with American Values
8 Diversity and Dissent
For further reading
Judaism in Europe after the Second World War
1 Displaced Persons
2 The Soviet Union and Successor States. 2.1 The Situation of the Jewish Population in the Post-War Decades
2.2 Jewish Emigration from the Soviet Union
2.3 Developments since Perestroika
3 Poland and Hungary
4 Germany
5 Great Britain
6 France
7 Southern Europe. 7.1 Italy
7.2 Spain
7.3 Greece
8 Judaism in Europe: Organizations, Plans, and Discussions
For further reading
Index. 1 Sources. 1 Hebrew Bible. Genesis
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Judges
2 Kings
Ezra
Nehemiah
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Ezekiel
Daniel
Hosea
1.1 New Testament
1.2 Deuterocanonical Works and Septuagint
1.3 Old Testament Pseudepigrapha
1.4 Dead Sea Scrolls
1.5 Philo of Alexandria
1.6 Flavius Josephus
1.7 Rabbinical Sources
1.8 Classical and Ancient Christian Writings
2 Names
3 Keywords
Maps
