Pathways

Pathways
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Описание книги

Political and economic developments after the implosion of the Soviet Union have not been easy, nor have outcomes been similar. The different trajectories of political development in post-communist countries are traced through cases from within the post-communist region that exhibit maximum variation in terms of both background variables and outcome. Six countries – Kazakhstan, Georgia, Estonia, Slovenia, the Czech Republic and Poland – have been selected. Following the Tocquevillian tradition, a 'method' of indirect comparison where in-depth knowledge of a country based on linguistics and history is held up against existing concepts, six country specialists have drawn broad pictures of what characterises 'their' country in terms of political and economic reform, state building and nation building, at the same time placing developments within the international context. The book argues that the elite constellation along two dimensions – consensus about the direction of policy and institutions, and the extent of inclusion of elite interests in decision making – is specific to each country and points to the direction of future developments.

Оглавление

Группа авторов. Pathways

Preface

CHAPTER 1. After the Wall: Political development trajectories in selected post-communist countries

PERTINENT THEORY

THE QUADRUPLE OHALLENGE

Designing political institutions

Redistributing ownership

Dismantling or rebuilding the state

Who to include and who to exclude?

The international context

THE BEAUTY OF MAXIMISING VARIATION

References

CHAPTER 2. Co-optation and control: Managing heterogeneity in Kazakhstan

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT: SEMI-AUTHORITARIANISM. AND ELITE FRAGMENTATION

STATE BUILDING: COMPARTMENTALISATION AND CORRUPTION

NATION BUILDING: MULTIETHNICITY AND SUB-ETHNICITY

ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION

INTERNATIONA LIS ATI ON: LIBERALISATION. AND MULTI-VECTOR FOREIGN POLICY

CONCLUSIONS

References

CHAPTER 3. Shevardnadze’s political strategies: The rise and fall of the incumbent

SETTING THE SCENE

STABILISATION: THE FIRST THREE STEPS

Russia to the rescue

Outmanoeuvring the paramilitary groups

Rebuilding the economy

IN THE GREY ZONE: POWER STRATEGIES

Building the machine: co-opting and balancing

Staying tuned: the policy of kompromat

Feeding the machine: corruption and patron-client relations

‘Absurdity Fair’, where rules are made to be broken

THE WELL DRIES UP

The emergence of alternative elites

THE COLLAPSE AND THE ROSE REVOLUTION

References

CHAPTER 4. Understanding politics in Estonia: The limits of tutelary transition

TUTELARY TRANSITION

IMPERATIVES FOR TUTELARY TRANSITION

ECONOMIC REFORM AND SHOOK THERAPY

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT

ELECTORAL COMPETITION

STATE BUILDING AND EUROPEAN UNION ACCESSION

MINORITY INTEGRATION AND NATION BUILDING

WILLING SUBJECTS?

CONCLUSION

References

CHAPTER 5. Understanding politics in Slovenia: Constitutional corporatism and politico-administrative relations

HISTORICAL LEGACIES AND THE DEMOCRATISATION PROCESS

CORPORATISM AND DIVISION OF POWER

THE MODERN ISATION PROCESSES OF THE. SLOVENIAN STATE ADMINISTRATION

SLOVENIAN POLITICO-ADMINISTRATIVE. RELATIONS: WHO HOLDS THE KEYS?

CONCLUSION

References

CHAPTER 6. Democracy or deficiency? Czech politics in the context of the consequences of its party system

THE FRAMEWORK FOR PARTY POLITICS

POLITICAL MALAISE?

CIVIL SOCIETY

FOREIGN POLICY AND INTERNATIONAL INFLUENCE

CONCLUSION

References

CHAPTER 7. Breaking with post-communism in Poland

PARTY STRUCTURES. Internal party leadership

Coalition leadership

STATE STRUCTURES. The position of the executive in parliament

Core executive

IMPACT OF EUROPEANISATION. Institutional misfit

EU pressures and domestic mobilisation

TOWARDS ENHANCED DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE?

References

CHAPTER 8. Keys to transition and. paths leading beyond

A POCKETFUL OF KEYS

Coping with heterogeneity: Kazakhstan

Flexible clientelism or ‘Absurdity Fair’: Georgia

The tutelary elite (or a ‘dual’ society): Estonia

Working corporatism – reinforced consensus: Slovenia

Contested consensus: The Czech Republic

Institutional reform as policy response: Poland

COMBINING ELITE KEYS TO UNDERSTANDING TRANSITIONS – CONSENSUS AND INCLUSIVENESS

References

Biographies

Отрывок из книги

Edited by Lars Johannsen & Karin Hilmer Pedersen

A STUDY OF SIX POST-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES

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Diamond, L. 2002. ‘Elections Without Democracy: Thinking about Hybrid Regimes’, Journal of Democracy, 13, 2, 21-35.

Eke, S.M. & T. Kuzio 2000. ‘Sultanism in Eastern Europe: The Socio-Political Roots of Authoritarian Populism in Belarus’, Europe-Asia Studies, 52, 3, 523-547.

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