Оглавление
Группа авторов. Transition of Care
Endocrine Development
Transition of Care. From Childhood to Adulthood in Endocrinology, Gynecology, and Diabetes
Contents
Preface
Challenges of the Transition from Pediatric Care to Care of Adults: “Say Goodbye, Say Hello”
Abstract
Defining Characteristics of Transition and Transfer
The Number of Young People with Chronic Illnesses Is Increasing
Challenges Coming from the Pediatrician
Challenges Coming from the Adolescent
Challenges Linked to the Disease Itself
Challenges Coming from the Parents
The Role of the Pediatrician: To Prepare the Adolescent and Find the Referral Physician for Adult Medicine
The Right Moment of the Transfer?
Conclusions for a Successful Transition
References
“Child-Adult” Transition – Adolescence: When Illness Appears…
Abstract
Psycho-Emotional Development of the Child
Psychological Challenges of Physical and Pubertal Transformations
When Diabetes Appears…
Conclusion
References
Transition of Care from Childhood to Adulthood: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Abstract
Therapeutic Managements during Transition between Pediatric and Adult Health Care
Management of Classic CAH in Adolescents and Adults. Female-Specific Issues
Male-Specific Issues
Long-Term Consequences of Glucocorticoid Treatment. CV Risk and Risk Factors
Bone Mineral Density
Health-Related QoL
Assessment of Adolescents and Adults during Transition from Pediatric Care
Management of Transition in Patients with Nonclassic CAH
Conclusions
Case History
Key Learning Points
References
Transition of Care from Childhood to Adulthood: Turner Syndrome
Abstract
The Diagnosis of TS
Age of Diagnosis
Timing of Puberty and Transition for Girls with TS
Induction of Puberty: Timing and Type of Oestrogen
Neurocognitive Aspect of TS Relating to Transition
Timing of Transition and Life Events
Resources for Transition Relating to TS
Case History
Commentary
Key Learning Points
References
Growth Hormone Deficiency in the Transition Age
Abstract
Discussion
Case History
Key Learning Points
References
Management of Hypothalamic Obesity during Transition from Childhood to Adulthood
Abstract
Defining the Framework
Issues during Transition from Childhood to Adulthood
Organization of the Transition to Adult Care in HO
Bariatric Surgery and HO
Conclusion
Case History
Transition Period
Key Learning Points
References
Transitions in Care from Pediatric to Adult Health Care Providers: Ongoing Challenges and Opportunities for Young Persons with Diabetes
Abstract
Developmental Stages of Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: Transition and Transfer
Insights from the Literature on Transition in Type 1 Diabetes. Health Care Utilization and Outcomes
Transition Preparation and Experiences
The Provider Perspective
Interventional Approaches
Transition in Practice
Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Transition
Conclusion
Case History
Key Learning Points
References
Transition of Care from Childhood to Adulthood: Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Abstract
HPG Axis and Puberty
Challenges for Identifying CHH
Effects of CHH on Health and Well-Being
Treatment and Care of Patients with CHH
Transitional Care of Patients with CHH
Challenges and Future Directions
Conclusions
Case History. Presentation and History
Evaluation: What Is Causing the Lack of Pubertal Development?
Treatment 1: Can Puberty Be Triggered?
Treatment 2: Can Testicular Growth and Fertility Be Developed?
Follow-Up and Other Transitional Care Issues
Conclusion
Key Learning Points
References
The Transition from Paediatric to Adult Care for Youths with Thyroid Diseases: Outcome Issues and Challenges
Abstract
Outcome in Young Adults: Medical Management and Challenges. Congenital Hypothyroidism
Treatment Adequacy
Cognition, Socio-Educational Attainment, Quality of Life, and Behaviour
Growth, Puberty, Fertility, and Pregnancy Outcome
Body Composition, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health
Associated Chronic Diseases and Neurosensory Impairment
Graves Disease
Treatment Monitoring
Risk Outcomes during Pregnancy and Prepregnancy Counselling
Long-Term Outcome
Conclusion
Case History
Key Learning Points
References
Transition in Pediatric and Adolescent Hypogonadal Girls: Gynecological Aspects, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, and Contraception
Abstract
Pubertal Milestones
Normal Variation in Onset and Progression of Puberty
Activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Hormone Axis
Trends in Pubertal Timing
Precocious Puberty and Normal Variants of Early Puberty
Premature Thelarche
Premature Adrenarche
Pubertal Delay versus Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Primary Hypogonadism in Adolescence
Puberty Induction in Hypogonadal Girls
Constitutional Delay in Puberty
Primary or Secondary Hypogonadism
Transition in TS
Contraception in Adolescent Hypogonadal Girls
Gynecological Issues in Adolescent Girls
Fertility Preservation in Adolescent Girls (with TS)
Case History
Diagnostic Procedures
Childhood Treatment and Monitoring
The HPG Hormone Axis
Fertility Issues
Key Learning Points
Further Reading
References
Fertility Preservation in Endocrine Disorders during Transition for Girls
Abstract
Techniques for Female FP
Cryopreservation of Ovarian Tissue
Oocyte Cryopreservation after COS
Cryopreservation of Embryo
In vitro Maturation of Oocytes
Future Techniques of FP
Egg Donation
Indications of FP for Young Girls. Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Markers of the Ovarian Reserve in Childhood
Gonadotoxic Treatments
Systemic Diseases
Sickle Cell Anemia
Iterative Ovarian Surgeries
Endocrine or Genetic Disorders
Turner Syndrome
Other Chromosomal Abnormalities
Congenital Galactosemia
Hypogonadism
Risk of Pregnancy and Genetic Counseling
Ethical Concerns
Conclusion
Case History
Background
Medical Intervention
Modified Natural Cycle Protocol
Outcome and Follow-Up
Discussion
Patient Consent
Key Learning Points
References
Fertility Preservation in Klinefelter Syndrome Patients during the Transition Period
Abstract
Fertility in KS Patients
Fertility Preservation in KS Patients: Is It Feasible and Accessible?
Case History
Key Learning Points
References
Author Index
Subject Index
