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Группа авторов. Recent Advances in Dialysis Therapy in Japan
Contributions to Nephrology
Recent Advances in Dialysis Therapy in Japan
Contents
Preface
Eosinophilic Inflammation in Peritoneal Fibrosis Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis
Abstract
Expectations and Challenges of PD Therapy
Pathogenesis of EPS and the Innate Immune System
Eosinophils and the Innate Immune System
Towards Restriction of EPS
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Current Perspectives on Sudden Cardiac Death in Hemodialysis Patients
Abstract
SCD in Japanese Dialysis Patients
The Definition of Sudden Death
HD Patient-Specific Underlying Cardiac Abnormalities Related to SCD
Is Ventricular Fatal Arrhythmia the Main Cause of SCD in HD Patients?
HD Cycle and Onset of SCD
Long QT Interval due to Dialysis Solution
Conclusions
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Strategy for Prevention of Left Ventricular Remodeling in Predialysis and Dialysis Patients
Abstract
Methods. Prospective Study Cohort (CKD Stage 5D Patients)
Retrospective Study Design (Initiation of Dialysis in Predialysis Patients)
Retrospective Study Design (CKD Stage 1–5 Patients)
Echocardiographic Examinations
Statistical Analyses
Results. CKD (Stage 5D: PD) Patients
CKD (Stage 5D: HD) Patients
CKD (Stage 5: Initiation of Dialysis in Predialysis Patients)
CKD (Stages 1–5) Cross-Sectional Study
CKD (Stages 1–5) Longitudinal Study
Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Asymptomatic Cerebrovascular Disease in Dialysis Patients
Abstract
Stroke in Dialysis Patients
Asymptomatic Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Dialysis Patients
Silent Brain Infarction
White Matter Hyperintensities
Cerebral Microbleeds
Conclusion
References
Brain Atrophy and Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Kidney Disease
Abstract
Brain Atrophy in Dialysis Patients. Brain Atrophy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Brain Atrophy in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis
Relationship between Brain Atrophy and Cognitive Function in CKD Patients
Factors Associated with Cognitive Impairment
Anemia and Cognitive Impairment
Dialysis Modalities and Cognitive Impairment
Relationship between CKD and Dementia
Mechanism of Cognitive Impairment in CKD. Oxidative Stress
Renin-Angiotensin System
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Targets and Therapeutics for Glycemic Control in Diabetes Patients on Hemodialysis
Abstract
Glycemic Control Index and Target Value. Plasma Glucose Levels
Target Casual Plasma Glucose Levels
Medium- to Long-Term Glycemic Control Index
Target GA Levels
Frequency of Monitoring Glycemic Control Indicators
Hemodialysis-Induced Hyperglycemia
Treatment. Dietary Treatment
Drug Treatment. Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
Insulin Therapy
Injection of Drugs Other Than Insulin: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists
Hypoglycemia
Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
Funding Sources
References
Intravenous Maxacalcitol Therapy Correlates with Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Levels in Hemodialysis Patients Independent of Serum Phosphate or Calcium Levels
Abstract
Patients and Methods
Biochemical Assays and Other Measurements
Statistical Analysis
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Statement of Ethics
Disclosure Statement
References
Importance of Physiological Erythropoiesis in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Anemia
Abstract
Hyporesponsiveness to ESAs, Iron Metabolism, and Prognosis in MHD Patients
Dysutilization of Iron for Erythropoiesis and Prognosis in MHD Patients
Treatment of CKD-Associated Anemia Based on Physiological Erythropoiesis
Conclusion
References
Magnesium in Hemodialysis Patients: A New Understanding of the Old Problem
Abstract
Magnesium Status in Hemodialysis Patients
Magnesium and Vascular Calcification
Magnesium and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients
Magnesium and the Risk of Fracture
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Does Combined Therapy with Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis Improve Prognosis?
Abstract
Clinical Experience of Combined Therapy with PD and HD
Effect of Combined Therapy on Morbidity and Mortality
Limitations and Future Outlook
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Pathogenesis and Management of Vascular Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Abstract
Intimal and Medial Arterial Calcification
Mineral Metabolism and Vascular Calcification
Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 and Sclerostin in Vascular Calcification
Assessment of Vascular Calcification
Treatment of Vascular Calcification
Conclusion
References
Total Renal Care Approach for Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Abstract
Case Report
Perspective on Chronic Disease Patient Education
The Total Renal Care Approach and Stage of Acceptance toward ESRD
Intervention That Enables Self-Management
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Disclosure Statement
References
Ferritin: Diversity and Management of Ferritin Measurement Methods
Abstract
Basics of Ferritin
Methods for Measuring Serum Ferritin
Methods to Assess Systematic Bias
Bland-Altman Analysis
Passing-Bablok Regression
Evaluation and Effects of Systematic Bias among Serum Ferritin Measurement Methods
Dealing with Systematic Bias
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Current Status and Treatment Strategies of Hemodialysis-Associated Pruritus
Abstract
Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics
Pathogenesis
Treatment Strategies Using the Therapeutic Algorithm
Measures for Renal Failure and Dialysis-Related Abnormalities
Measures for Skin Abnormalities
Measures against Abnormal CNS Regulation of Itching
Evaluation of Usefulness of Therapeutic Algorithm
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Effects of Levocarnitine on Cardiac Function and Renal Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients
Abstract
Effects on Nephrogenic Anemia
Improvements in Cardiac Functions
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Management of Physical Frailty in Patients Requiring Hemodialysis Therapy
Abstract
Evaluation of Frailty in the Hemodialysis Population
Physical Activity and Physical Performance
Physical Activity
Physical Performance
Exercise Training in CKD Patients
Management of Physical Frailty in Hemodialysis Patients
Conclusions
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Advances and Developments in Vascular Access in Japan
Abstract
New Materials and Artificial Products
Quality of VA Management and Its Relationship with Types of Complications
Aging
Promising New Devices
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Intermittent Infusion Hemodiafiltration: The Principle and Its Clinical Application
Abstract
Principle of I-HDF
Clinical Effects of I-HDF
Comparison of I-HDF and HD Regarding BV Reduction and Solute Removal
Comparison of Solute Removal and Clinical Effects of I-HDF and Online Predilution HDF
Comparison of the Practical Clinical Effects of I-HDF and HD
Future Outlook
Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Dialysis Patients
Abstract
DAAs – A Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Hepatitis C
DAA Therapies for Patients with HCV Genotype 1 Infection (Table 1) Daclatasvir + Asunaprevir
Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir
Elbasvir + Grazoprevir
DAA Therapies Effective in Treating Patients with HCV Genotype 1 or 2 Infection (Table 1) Report by Kumada et al. [8]
Report by Gane et al. [9]
DAA Therapies in Hemodialysis Patients
DAA Treatment Options for Chronic Hepatitis C in Hemodialysis Patients
Conclusion
References
Current Status of Peritoneal Dialysis in Japan
Abstract
Survival Rate
Residual Renal Function
Peritonitis, Exit Site Infection
Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis
Combination Therapy
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
References
Current State of Peritoneal Dialysis in Children
Abstract
Methods
Results. Patient Number
Etiology
Residual Renal Function
Comorbidities
PD Methodologies
Outcomes
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Effect of Combined Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis on Health-Related Quality of Life
Abstract
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Peritoneal Dialysis in Elderly Patients
Abstract
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Blood Pressure Control in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Abstract
Definition and Prevalence of HT
CV Risk and HT in PD Patients
Monitoring BP and Weekly BP Variability
Treatment of BP
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
References
The Role of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections: A Literature Review
Abstract
PD-Related NTM Peritonitis
PD-Related NTM-ESI and Tunnel Infections
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Translational Research of Peritoneal Dialysis Solution with Dissolved Molecular Hydrogen
Abstract
Methods. Study 1: Experimental Study of H2-Eniched PDS in CKD Rats. Treatment Protocol
Collection of Peritoneal Tissue and Sample Analysis
Study 2: Short-Term Clinical Trial of H2-Eniched PDS. Patients
Protocol
Measurements
Preparation of Hydrogen-Enriched Dialysate
Statistical Analysis
Results. Study 1
Study 2
Discussion
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
Author Contributions
References
A Perspective on the Current Status of Home Hemodialysis
Abstract
Historical Change in Hemodialysis Prescription of Hours and Frequency
Optimal Dialysis Prescription: “HD Products”
Randomized Controlled Trials of Intensive HD
The Challenges of Home HD. Training
Dialysate, Dialyzer
Vascular Access
Home HD in Japan
Technical Advances in Home HD
References
Home Hemodialysis: Benefits, Risks, and Barriers
Abstract
Clinical Benefits of HHD. Survival
Quality of Life
Risks of HHD
Vascular Access Complications
Infections
Residual Kidney Function
Barriers to Increased Introduction of HHD
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Intensive Hemodialysis: Effects of Treatment Time and Frequency on Time-Averaged Concentrations of Solutes
Abstract
Methods. Kinetic Modeling
Clinical Study [2]
Results and Discussion. Kinetic Modeling
Clinical Study
Quotidian HD Therapy
Conclusions
References
Apheresis for Kidney Disease
Abstract
Target Diseases
Rapid Progressive Nephritic Syndrome. RPGN with Anti-GBM Antibody
RPGN with ANCA
Lupus Nephritis
Other Nephritis
Nephrotic Syndrome. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Some Important Points in Apheresis Therapy for Kidney Disease
Conclusion
References
Our Approaches to Selective Plasma Exchange
Abstract
Conventional PE Treatments
Characteristics of the Selective Separation Membrane We Used
The Structure of the Circuit
Cases of PE and Plasma Adsorption. Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Conclusion
References
Changes in Treatment with Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorptive Apheresis from the Past to Future in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Abstract
Introduction
Clinical Trials of GMA in Patients with IBDs to Date. Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn’s Disease
Special Situations
Future Issues of GMA in IBD. Maintenance Therapy
Rescue Therapy for Patients Treated with LOR to Anti-TNF-α Antibody
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Current Practices in Acute Blood Purification Therapy in Japan and Topics for Further Study
Abstract
Modality Selection in Japan and Outcomes by Modality
Unique Aspects of Certain Continuous Blood Purification Therapy Practices in Japan
Anticoagulation
Therapy Dosing
Timing of Initiation and Hemofilter Selection
Conclusion
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Evidence and Perspectives on the Use of Polymyxin B-Immobilized Fiber Column Hemoperfusion among Critically Ill Patients
Abstract
Evidence for PMX Hemoperfusion. Randomized Controlled Trials
Propensity-Matched Analysis in Observational Studies
Meta-Analyses
Mechanisms of PMX Hemoperfusion. LPS Adsorption
Mechanisms of Action Other Than Endotoxin Adsorption
Novel Findings for PMX. Duration of PMX Hemoperfusion
Effects on the Lungs
Conclusions
Disclosure Statement
Funding Sources
References
Current Trend of Pediatric Renal Replacement Therapy in Japan
Abstract
The Japanese Society for Pediatric Nephrology (JSPN) ESRD Survey 2012
Epidemiology and Demographics of Pediatric ESRD in Japan. Patients with ESRD
Incidence of ESRD
Primary Renal Disease in Patients with ESRD
Current Trend of Pediatric RRT in Japan. Initial Treatment Modalities for ESRD
Survival and Cause of Death
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Disclosure Statement
References
Dysnatremia in Renal Failure
Abstract
Morphological Changes in Nephron Segment Associated with CRF
Function of Salt and Water Reabsorption in Hypertrophied Nephron
Dysnatremia in Patients with Renal Failure
References
Methods We Currently Use for Home Hemodialysis Management
Abstract
Deciding on the Best Treatment Plan for Each Patient
Introducing Patients to HHD
Management following HHD Training. Daily Responsibilities
Likelihood of Complications
Hospital Visits
Home Visits
Conclusion
References
Protein Energy Wasting and Sarcopenia in Dialysis Patients
Abstract
Frailty in Dialysis Patients
Sarcopenia in Dialysis Patients
PEW in Dialysis Patients
References
Author Index
Subject Index
