Оглавление
Группа авторов. A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies
Dedication
List of Contributors
Preface. A Clinical Guide to Urologic Emergencies
References
List of Abbreviations
About the Companion Website
1 Blunt Renal Injuries
Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathophysiology. Epidemiology and Etiology
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis. Workup
Radiographic Evaluation
Management. Non‐operative Management
Indications for Intervention
Non‐operative Versus Operative Management
Predictors of Failure of Non‐Operative Management in Blunt Renal Trauma
Management of Renal Trauma in Children
Operative Technique
Issues in Operative Technique for Blunt Trauma
Complications and Follow‐Up
Secondary Hemorrhage
Urinary Extravasation and Perinephric Abscess
Renal Insufficiency
Hypertension
Other Complications
Mortality
Conclusions
References
2 Penetrating Renal Trauma: A Civilian and Military Perspective
Introduction
Civilian Versus Military Trauma
Pathophysiology of Penetrating Trauma
Anatomy
Evaluation
Imaging
Management. Non‐Operative
Operative
Complications
Conclusion
References
3 Renal Infections
Introduction
Acute Pyelonephritis
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentation
Laboratory Findings
Microbiology and Pathophysiology
Imaging
Treatment
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis
Pathogens and Pathogenesis
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
Clinical Presentation
Imaging
Diagnosis and Treatment
Chronic Pyelonephritis
Clinical Presentation
Radiologic Findings
Management
Renal Abscess
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentation
Microbiology
Laboratory Diagnosis
Imaging
Management
Tuberculosis of the Kidney
Clinical Presentation
Laboratory Findings
Imaging
Treatment
Conclusions
References
4 Acute Kidney Stone Management
Introduction
History and Physical
Additional Relevant History
Physical Exam
Diagnostic Evaluation. Laboratory
Imaging
Management of Symptoms
Trial of Stone Passage/Medical Expulsion Therapy
Medical Dissolution Therapy
Acute Procedural Intervention. Indications
Upper Urinary Tract Decompression
Stone Treatment
Prognosis
Special Considerations. Pregnant Patients
Pediatric Patients
Conclusion
References
5 Traumatic Adrenal Hemorrhage
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Etiology. Blunt Trauma
Penetrating Trauma
Staging
Presentation
Imaging
Management
Complications of Adrenal Trauma
Conclusion
References
6 External Ureteral Trauma
Introduction
Anatomical Considerations
Mechanisms of Injury
Concomitant Injuries
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Imaging
Intra‐operative Diagnosis
Delayed Diagnosis
Diagnostic Endoscopy and Urography
Management
Ureteral Contusions
Surgical Principles
Damage Control Surgery
Delayed Management of Injuries
Complications
Conclusions
References
7 Iatrogenic Ureteral Injury
Introduction
Etiology
Management
Timing of Repair
Surgical Technique
Complete Ureteral Loss
Outcomes and Complications
Conclusions
References
8 Bladder Injuries
Introduction
Etiology
Clinical Symptoms and Imaging Diagnoses
Treatment of Bladder Injuries
Long‐term Consequences
Complications
Conclusion
References
9 Traumatic Urethral Injuries
Introduction
Initial Management of Suspected Trauma to the Lower Urinary Tract
Urethral Trauma
Urethral Anatomy. Male Urethra
Female Urethra
Urethral Trauma Classification
Trauma to the Posterior Urethra
Fractures of the Bony Pelvis
Management in the Acute Phase
Delayed Management
Trauma to the Anterior Urethra
Management in the Acute Phase
Delayed Management
Conclusions
References
10 Acute Management of Urethral Stricture
Introduction
Etiology of Urethral Stricture
Patient History and Physical Examination
Evaluation of Urethral Stricture
Voiding Symptoms and Uroflowmetry
Urethrography
Ultrasound Urethrography
Urethro‐Cystoscopy
MRI
Emergency Management of Urinary Retention and Unexpected Urethral Stricture
Elective Management of Urethral Stricture
Transurethral Procedures. DVIU and Dilation
Urethral Stents
Urethroplasty
EPA
Substitution Urethroplasty
Post‐operative Follow‐Up. Post Transurethral Procedures
Post Urethroplasty
Conclusion
References
11 Prostatitis and Prostatic Abscess
Introduction
Classification
Presentation
Management
Diagnostic Imaging
Prostatic Abscess
Conclusions
References
12 Fournier's Gangrene
Introduction
Epidemiology
Etiology
Bacteriology
Clinical Symptoms and Imaging
Treatment
Conclusions
References
13 Traumatic Penile Injuries
Introduction
Pathophysiology of Traumatic Penile Injury. Blunt Penile Injury (Penile Fracture)
Penetrating Penile Injury. Gunshot Wounds
Stab Wounds/Amputation
Avulsion/Bites
Burns
Initial Evaluation. Penile Fracture
Penetrating Injury
Amputation
Management. Penile Fracture
Penetrating GSW and Stab Wounds
Amputation
Abrasions/Lacerations/Avulsion
Bites
Burns
Conclusions
References
14 Priapism
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology and Causes. Ischemic
Non‐ischemic
Stuttering
Evaluation and Diagnostic Workup
Treatment
Effects of Priapism on Erectile Function
Summary
References
15 Traumatic Scrotal and Testicular Injuries
Introduction
General Evaluation
Imaging
Management. Acute Management
Scrotal Skin Injuries and Scrotal Reconstruction
Hematocele
Intratesticular Hematoma
Testicular Rupture
Testicular Dislocation and Testicular Torsion
Penetrating Scrotal Injury
Combat‐Related Scrotal Injuries
Considerations. Infection
Future Fertility
Endocrine
Psychological Impact
Conclusions
References
16 Testicular Torsion
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Management
Outcomes
Conclusions and Future Directions
References
17 Epididymitis and Orchitis
Introduction
Anatomy and Physiology
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Infectious Epididymitis
Non‐infectious Epididymitis
Chronic Epididymitis
Diagnosis
Treatment
Recommended Antibiotic Regimens
Additional Considerations
Treatment of Sexual Partners
Allergies, Intolerance, and Adverse Reactions
Patients with HIV
Follow‐up
Management of Chronic Epididymitis
Complications
Conclusion
References
18 Urologic Neonatal Emergencies
Introduction
Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV)
Antenatal Diagnosis and Management
Pre‐Operative Management in the Neonatal Unit
Imaging Diagnosis
Surgical Management
Post‐Operative Management and Long‐Term Outcomes
Management of Valve Bladder Syndrome
Epispadias, Bladder and Cloacal Exstrophy
Antenatal Diagnosis
Initial Management in Neonate Unit
General Principles for Surgical Repair
Post‐Operative Considerations
Neonatal Testicular Torsion
Disorders of Sex Development
Female Genital Masses
Paraurethral Cysts
Ureterocele Prolapse
Urethral Prolapse
Urethral Polyps
Sarcoma Botryoides
Imperforated Hymen
Conclusions
References
19 Urologic Emergency Care in the COVID‐19 Pandemic Era
Immediate Responses of Urology Departments
Surgical Triage
Telemedicine
Consequences of COVID‐19 on Urologic Care
Conclusions
References
Index. a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
