Оглавление
Группа авторов. Developmental Psychopathology
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Developmental Psychopathology
Preface
Reference
The Editors
Library of Congress Information
About the Editors
List of Contributors
Part IBackground
Chapter 1 Traditional Approaches to Child Psychopathology
Chapter Overview
Diagnosis and Classification
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
Quantitative Classification Approaches
The Achenbach Sysyem of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA)
The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Initiative
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of The Psychopathology (Hitop) System
The Limitations of Traditional Approaches to Diagnosis and Classification
The Value of a Developmental Psychopathology Approach
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 2 Developmental Psychopathology
Chapter Overview
The History of the Developmental Psychopathology Approach
The Definitional Principles of Developmental Psychopathology
Interplay Between Normal Development and “Abnormal” or Pathological Functioning
Studying Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities of Traits, Behaviors, Emotions, And Disorders
Evaluating Evidence Across Multiple Levels of Analyses To Include the Biological, Individual, Family, Social, and Cultural Levels
Incorporating Distinct Perspectives Across Clinical, Developmental Psychology, Child/Adolescent Psychiatry, Genetics, Neurology, Public Health, and Philosophy of Science Into A Multidisciplinary Effort
Exploring Both Risk and Protective Factors to Delineate Pathways of Risk and Resilience
Involving Reciprocal, Transactional Models of Influence in the Field’s Causal Models
Developmental Psychopathology Research Methodology
RESEARCH DESIGNS. Longitudinal
Cross‐sectional
Correlations versus causation?
Person‐centered designs
RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
Examining genetic factors
Neuroimaging
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 3Normal Development: What Is Actually Normal?
Chapter Overview
The Family Context and Life Cycle Theory
Attachment
Temperament
Goodness of Fit
Parenting Styles
Physical Development
Prenatal Development
Brain Development
Motor Development
PUBERTY
Cognitive Development. An Overview of Cognitive Development Across Domains
Memory
Language
Executive function
Theory of mind
Piaget’s Constructivist Theory
Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory
Information‐Processing Theories
Social–Emotional Development
Emotions
Self‐Regulation
Emotion regulation
Development of Aggression
Development of Prosocial Emotions and Behaviors
Peer Relationships
Peer pressure and conformity
Dating and romantic relationships
Moral Development
Piaget’s Theory of Moral Development
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development
Gilligan’s Theory of Moral Development
Social Domain Theory
Parental, Peer, and Cultural Influences
Roots of Moral Development
Prosocial Moral Reasoning
Sex‐Role Development. Sex Versus Gender
Development of Gender Identity
Expression of Gender Identity
Sex‐Role Identity
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 4 Insecure Attachment and Related Difficulties
Chapter Overview
Case study in attachment issues and behavioral difficulties
Definition and Theoretical Underpinnings
Factors Affecting the Distribution of Attachment Styles in the General Population
Gender and Age
Socioeconomic Status (SES), Race, and Ethnicity
Attachment and Psychopathology
Infancy
Preschool and School‐Aged Children
Adolescence
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of the Etiology of Attachment Security
Genetic Factors (Distal Risk Factors) Family and twin studies
Molecular genetic studies
Neurobiological Factors (Proximal Vulnerability Factors) Structural and functional imaging findings
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Temperament
Cognitive Factors. Intelligence and language
Social cognition
Contextual Risk Factors. Parental psychopathology
Parent behaviors and attachments
Parental relationship
Contextual Protective Factors. Maternal sensitivity
Social support
Gene–Environment Interplay. Gene–environment interactions
Gene–environment correlations
Developmental Timing Effects: Sensitive Periods
Interventions
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Part IIProblems of Early and Middle Childhood
Chapter 5 Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Chapter Overview
Case study in ADHD
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Prevalence
Prevalence by Gender and Age
Prevalence by Socioeconomic Status (SES), Race, and Ethnicity
Comorbidity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities (Course)
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of ADHD
Genetic Factors. Family and twin studies
Molecular genetic studies
Neurobiological Factors
Brain structure
Brain function
Temperament
Cognitive Factors. Intelligence
Executive functions
Attention
Motor control
Contextual Risk and Protective Factors
Gene–Environment Interplay. Gene–environment correlations
Gene–environment interactions
Developmental Timing Effects
Interventions
h3. Medication treatment
Psychosocial interventions
Combined interventions
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 6 Autism Spectrum Disorder
Chapter Overview
Case study in ASD
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Prevalence
Prevalence by Gender and Age
Prevalence by Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status (SES)
Comorbidity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities (Course)
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of the Etiology of ASD
Genetic Factors (Distal Risk Factors) Family and twin studies
Molecular genetic studies
Family history studies
Neurobiological Factors (Proximal Vulnerability Factors) Head circumference
Structural and functional brain imaging findings
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Temperament
Cognitive Factors
Social cognitive
Theory of mind
Intellectual development
Contextual Risk Factors
Contextual Protective Factors
Gene–Environment Interplay
Gene–environment correlations
Gene–environment interactions
Developmental Timing Effects: The Interplay of Normal and Abnormal Development
Interventions
Intensive Behavioral Interventions
Early School‐Based Interventions
Other Psychosocial Treatments
Psychopharmacological Treatments
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 7 Emergence of Antisocial Behavior in Middle Childhood
Chapter Overview
Case vignette
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER
CONDUCT DISORDER
Callous and unemotional traits
Prevalence
Prevalence By Age
Prevalence By Gender
Prevalence By Race And Ethnicity
Prevalence By Socioeconomic Status
Comorbidity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities
Homotypic Continuity
Heterotypic Continuity
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of the Etiology of Antisocial Behavior
Genetic Factors
Molecular genetic studies
Neurobiological Factors
Temperament
Emotional Regulation
Cognitive Factors
Contextual Risk Factors
Environmental context
Family context
Social context
Contextual Protective Factors
Gene–Environment Interplay
Developmental Timing Effects: The Interplay of Normal and Abnormal Development
Interventions
Parent‐Training Programs
Psychodynamic Treatments
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
SCHOOL‐LEVEL INTERVENTIONS
MULTISYSTEMIC THERAPY
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 8 Fear and Anxiety
Chapter Overview
Case vignette
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Prevalence
Gender Differences
Age differences
Prevalence By Race and Ethnicity
Comorbidity
Developmental Course
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of Anxiety Disorders
Genetic Factors. Family and twin studies
Molecular genetic association studies
Neurobiological Factors. Structural and functional imaging findings
Neurotransmitters
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Temperament
Attachment and emotion regulation
Cognitive and Information Processing Factors
Interpretation biases
Memory biases
Attention biases
Anxiety sensitivity
Learning experiences
Contextual Risk Factors. Parental overcontrolling behaviors
Parental rejection
Childhood adversities
Trauma exposure
Parental psychopathology
Peer victimization
Contextual Protective Factors
Gene–Environment Interplay. Gene–environment correlations
Gene–environment interactions
Interventions. Cognitive‐Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Exposure Therapy
Parental Involvement
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Part IIIProblems of Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Chapter 9 Depression
Chapter Overview
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Case vignette
Prevalence
Prevalence By Gender and Age
Prevalence By Socioeconomic Status (Ses), Race, and Ethnicity
Comorbidity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities (Course)
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of the Etiology of Depression
Genetic Factors (Distal Risk Factors) Family and twin studies
Molecular genetic studies
Neurobiological Factors (Proximal Vulnerability Factors)
Structural and functional imaging findings
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Temperament
Cognitive Factors
Beck’s cognitive theory of depression
Hopelessness theory
Response styles theory
Social‐cognitive vulnerabilities
The interaction among different cognitive vulnerability factors
Contextual Risk Factors. Life stress
Parental psychopathology
Interpersonal theories
Maladaptive parenting and abuse
Low peer acceptance and bullying
CONTEXTUAL PROTECTIVE FACTORS
GENE–ENVIRONMENT INTERPLAY
Gene–environment correlations
Gene–environment interactions
Developmental Timing Effects: The Interplay of Normal and Abnormal Development
Evidence‐Based Interventions
Psychotherapy
Psychopharmacology (Psychiatric medications)
Combined Treatment
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 10 Eating Disorders
Chapter Overview
Case study in anorexia nervosa
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Prevalence
Prevalence By Gender and Age
Prevalence By Socioeconomic Status (SES), Race, and Ethnicity
Comorbidity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities (Course)
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of the Etiology of Eating Disorders
Genetic Factors (Distal Risk Factors)
Family studies
Twin studies
Genome‐wide data
Neurobiological Factors (Proximal Vulnerability Factors) Structural and functional imaging findings
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Temperament
Cognitive Factors
Cognitive distortions
Perfectionism and need for control
Ego‐syntonicity and ‐dystonicity
Contextual Risk Factors. Societal
Family interactions
Parental psychopathology
Maltreatment and trauma
Attitudes towards weight and dieting
Contextual Protective Factors
Gene–Environment Interplay. Gene–environment interactions
Gene–environment interactions across time
Developmental Timing Effects: The Interplay of Normal And Abnormal Development
Interventions. Psychotherapeutic Treatments
Medical Nutrition Therapy
Pharmacological Treatments
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
References
Chapter 11 Substance Use Disorders
Chapter Overview
Case vignette
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Prevalence. Prevalence During Adolescence
Prevalence By Race and Ethnicity
Comorbidity
Developmental Psychopathology Models of Substance Use Disorder
Externalizing Pathway
Internalizing Pathway
Repeated Use Pathway
Contextual Pathway
Family relationships
Peer relationships
Broader socioecological factors
Factors Protecting Against Substance Use
Genetic factors
Coping style
Family relationships and communication
Summary
Gene–Environment Interactions
Developmental Timing Effects
Assessment of Substance Use Disorders
Intervention with Substance Use Disorders
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary of Terms
References
Chapter 12 Schizophrenia
Chapter Overview
Case study in schizophrenia
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Prevalence
Prevalence By Gender and Age
Prevalence By Socioeconomic Status (SES), Race, and Ethnicity
Comorbidity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities (Course)
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of the Etiology of Schizophrenia
Genetic Factors (Distal Risk Factors) Family and twin studies
Molecular genetic studies
Neurobiological Factors (Proximal Vulnerability Factors) Structural anomalies
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Temperament
Cognitive Factors. Attention
Executive functions
Social cognition
Contextual Risk Factors
Obstetric risks
Trauma
Family factors
Cannabis use
Contextual Protective Factors
Gene–Environment Interplay. Gene–environment correlations
Gene–environment interactions
Developmental Timing Effects: The Interplay of Normal and Abnormal Development
Intervention
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 13 Emerging Personality Disorders
Chapter Overview
Case Vignette
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Prevalence
Comorbidity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities (Course)
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of Borderline Personality Disorder
Genetic Factors. Family and twin studies
Molecular genetic studies
Neurobiological Factors. Neurotransmitters
Hormonal systems
Neuropeptides
Structural and functional imaging findings
Temperament
Cognitive Factors. Social cognition and mentalization
Executive neurocognition and memory
Contextual Risk Factors
Childhood abuse and neglect
Parental psychopathology
Attachment
Maladaptive parenting
Peer victimization
Contextual Protective Factors
Gene–Environment Interplay
Gene–environment correlations and interactions
Environment–temperament interactions
Developmental Timing Effects
The General Factor for Psychopathology
Evidence‐Based Interventions
Psychotherapy Interventions
Prevention Programs and Clinical Staging Models
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Part IVSpecial Topics and Conclusions
Chapter 14 Child Maltreatment
Chapter Overview
Varying Definitions of a Multifaceted Construct
Case vignette
Controversial Issue: Physical Discipline or Physical Abuse?
Prevalence, Incidence, and Economic Impact
Child Maltreatment Within a Developmental Psychopathology Framework
Risk Factors For Maltreatment. Child factors
Parental and family factors
Family systems and environmental factors
Maltreatment as an Etiological Factor for Psychopathology
Factors that Increase Maltreated Children’s Risk for Psychopathology
Genetic factors (distal risk factors)
Additional biomarkers (proximal vulnerability factors)
Cognitive changes and other individual factors
Interpersonal risk factors
Controversial issue: problematic development or a diagnosable disorder?
Resilience/Contextual Protective Factors
Individual factors
Interpersonal factors
Prevention and Intervention
Future Research Directions
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 15 Divorce, Separation, and Loss
Chapter Overview
Definition, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Divorce and separation. Prevalence
Prevalence by Gender Age
Prevalence by Socioeconomic Status (SES), Race, and Ethnicity
Developmental Continuities and Discontinuities (Course)
A Developmental Psychopathology Model of Child Adjustment After Divorce or Separation
Genetic (Distal Risk) and Neurobiological Factors (Proximal Vulnerability Factors)
Temperament
Cognitive Factors. Child intelligence
Beliefs about divorce
Contextual Risk Factors. High conflict
Adjustment of parents
Negative parenting
Contextual Protective Factors. Positive parenting
Income
Pre‐divorce family adjustment
Gene–Environment Interplay
Developmental Timing Effects: The Interplay Normal and Abnormal Development
Interventions for Children of Divorced Parents
Parental loss. Prevalence of Loss Difficulties
Prevalence by Gender and Age
Prevalence by Socioeconomic Status (SES), Race, and Ethnicity
A Brief Developmental Psychopathology Model of Child Adjustment After Loss
Cognitive Factors. Control beliefs
Fear of abandonment
Threat appraisal
Contextual Risk Factors. Caregiver mental health and negative life events
Contextual Protective Factors. Positive parenting
Effective discipline
Developmental Timing Effects: The Interplay of Normal and Abnormal Development
Interventions for Bereaved Children
Chapter Summary
Further Reading
Discussion/Essay Questions
Glossary
References
Chapter 16 Quo Vadis
Chapter Overview
Where Have We Been?
Where Are We Going?
The General Psychopathology Factor: A Singular Model of Psychopathology
Genetic Evidence
Neurobiological Models
Cognitive Functions
Continuity And Discontinuity In p
Clinical Implications
Glossary
References
Index
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