Оглавление
Группа авторов. Karl Polanyi
TABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
FOREWORD
FOREWORD OF THE GERMAN EDITION
THE LIMITS OF A MARKET SOCIETY. Or: Why ‘Polanyi ought to be considered the (most influential) personality of our century’
The destructive power of the market
The reorganisation of society
The visions of a just and free society
Why Polanyi ought to be considered the personality of the century
‘MANY GRAZE ON POLANYI’S PASTURE’ The works of Karl Polanyi in German- and English-language media over the past five years
FICTITIOUS COMMODITIES AND THE THREE WAVES OF MARKETIZATION. On the nature of fictitious commodities and how public goods are turned into private capital. Reading and expanding on Karl Polanyi.1
The fictitious commodity: from commodification to excommodification
Fictitious Commodities as Sources of Social Movements
Polanyi believed that we would never again experiment with market fundamentalism
Three waves of marketization and the countermovements
‘WHEREVER MY FATHER LIVED HE WAS ENGAGED IN WHATEVER WAS GOING ON’ Shaping The Great Transformation: a conversation with Kari Polanyi Levitt.1
FREEDOM IN A THREATENED SOCIETY. What does Karl Polanyi really tell us? A brief outline of his ideas sheds some light on why this social scientist has become so relevant today
BORN A REBEL, ALWAYS A REBEL. Ilona Duczyńska Polanyi, a revolutionary and resistance activist, sought to combine socialism and pluralism, political radicalism and humanism in texts and political activities throughout her life
FROM DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIST TO TRAILBLAZER OF THE POLANYI RENAISSANCE. Kari Polanyi Levitt’s biography resembles that of her father in a particular aspect she espoused after his death: she always tied her own academic training to her political commitment
FROM PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF KNOWLEDGE. He studied and taught natural sciences, but would become a famous social scientist. Karl Polanyi’s brother Michael, who was more liberal-leaning than Karl, developed the principle of ‘tacit knowledge’
‘We know more than we can tell’
Central theses from today’s perspective
Local and global knowledge
The relationship with his older brother Karl
MILIEUS IN KARL POLANYI’S LIFE
Budapest 1900–1914: The aristocracy’s monopoly on power, left counter-cultures and the ‘Great Generation’
‘Red Vienna’ 1918–1934
London during the 1930s: a disoriented Left
The McCarthy Era in the United States 1950–1954
POLANYI IN BUDAPEST. A key moment in the life of the young Polanyi, and the situation for Jews at the beginning of the 20th century
KARL POLANYI AND THE LEGACY OF RED VIENNA
‘THE EARLIEST BEGINNINGS OF HIS LATER TEACHING LIFE’ Karl Polanyi as a Popular Educator
THE GREAT TRANSFORMATION: REFLECTIONS ON A LIBERAL ILLUSION. How Karl Polanyi’s magnum opus The Great Transformation came about, how and when the book was published, and the era in which this all took place
FRIEDRICH HAYEK AND KARL POLANYI. DEFINING FREEDOM: WHAT KIND OF FREEDOM? AND WHOSE FREEDOM? Despite Polanyi’s flexibility and the contrasting dogmatism of his ‘antithesis’, Friedrich Hayek, the two philosophers have more in common than one might initially think, and not just when it comes to their biographies
KARL POLANYI, LUDWIG VON MISES AND THE ISSUE OF PLANNING. An economist who believed in the market and an economic historian who was highly critical of it debate the prospects of a socialist system of accounting
KARL POLANYI AND LUDWIG VON MISES: CONTESTED VIEWS ON WORLD DEVELOPMENT
KARL POLANYI AND JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES: TWO MEN BUCKING THE MAINSTREAM. Both are, in essence, market sceptics, but the perspectives of their critique differ. Keynes, the British economist, targets the state while Polanyi, the economic historian, focuses on power relations in society
KARL POLANYI AND NANCY FRASER IN DIALOGUE. The US social philosopher Nancy Fraser is one of the American left’s most prominent thinkers. The views she expressed on Karl Polanyi made her German contemporary Michael Brie feel slightly uneasy. After hearing her speak, he penned this fictitious dialogue
POLANYI’S PRESCIENCE: COVID-19, MARKET UTOPIANISM, AND THE REALITY OF SOCIETY
‘YOU, AS A GERMAN, ARE WORTH NOTHING AT ALL’ The rise of right-wing populism – a right-wing workers’ movement?
A Polanyian-type movement
Conflict between insiders and outsiders
The good people versus the corrupt system
Outlook: more comparative research is needed
WHY POLANYI DUBBED NATURE A ‘FICTITIOUS COMMODITY’ Nature is not for sale. But that does not stop capitalist systems from trading it as a commodity. This is asking for trouble
CARE MARKETS: FROM CARELESS TO CARING CAPITALISM? The robot carer is a dubious symbol of the idea that life as such can be controlled through technology
KNOWLEDGE AS ‘FICTITIOUS COMMODITY’ AND THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY. If knowledge becomes a commodity, human beings are reduced to ‘mere chunks of raw material’ (Karl Polanyi)
THE SECOND GREAT TRANSFORMATION. The market-driven digitalisation of work unfetters it from labour and social protection rules
IT’S TIME FOR CHANGE! On 8 May 2018, the International Karl Polanyi Society was founded in the Vienna Chamber of Labour. It set itself the ambitious but vital goal of putting the economy back in its place
WHY POLANYI IN VIENNA TODAY? Why was the International Karl Polanyi Society founded now, and why in this particular city?
BRUSH UP YOUR POLANYI
POLANYI RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL. Four cities, three continents and four institutions dedicated to the work and influence of Karl Polanyi. MONTREAL
VIENNA
BUDAPEST
SEOUL
AUTHORS
ENDNOTES. FICTITIOUS COMMODITIES AND THE THREE WAVES OF MARKETIZATION
‘WHEREVER MY FATHER LIVED HE WAS ENGAGED IN WHATEVER WAS GOING ON’
FREEDOM IN A THREATENED SOCIETY
MILIEUS IN KARL POLANYI’S LIFE
