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Группа авторов. News Media Innovation Reconsidered
News Media Innovation Reconsidered. Ethics and Values in a Creative Reconstruction of Journalism
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Introduction Journalism’s Creative Reconstruction: How Innovation in News Is Embracing Enduring Professional and Civil Values
The Ups and Downs of Techno-economic Explanations
Seeing Creative Destruction as Creative Reconstruction
Mapping News Innovation Culturally
New Journalistic Performances on Stage: Ethics Vis-à-Vis Innovation
References
1 An Inquiry into the Ethics of Innovation in Digital Journalism
An Ethical Perspective on Journalism Innovation
Defining Journalism Innovation
Innovations and Journalism Ethics: 2000–2020
The Emergence of Journalism in the Internet
Convergence and Multimedia Content
Blogs and Bloggers
User-Generated Content
Social Media
Journalistic Production for the Internet
Immersive Journalism
Journalism and Big Data
Automated Journalism
Newsrooms as Communities of Practice
Conclusion: The Strategic Value of the Ethics of Journalistic Innovation
References
2 Democratically Engaged Journalists Ethical Invention amid Unreasonable Publics
Section 1: A Continuum of Journalism
Engaged and Disengaged
Features of the Continuum
Section 2: Democratically Engaged Journalism
The Idea
Ultimate Goal: Dialogic Democracy
Adopting Either Option Would Be a Mistake
The Method
Where Does It Fit?
Section 3: Objections
Accuracy, Neutrality, and Facts
Timid Reporting or Biased Engagement
Values, Attachments, and Emotions
Cold-Blooded Neutrality?
Conclusion: Duties for Democratic Journalism
References
Notes
3 Journalism Innovation in a Time of Survival
Introduction
A Definitional Challenge
The “Never-Ending Pivot”
Canada’s Twenty-First-Century Media Policy
Reframing Innovation in Journalism
References
4 Ethics in 360-Degree Immersive Journalism
Introduction
Ethical Principles That Should Guide Immersive Journalism
The Principle of Truthfulness
Accurately Representing Space
Maintaining Visual and Audio Integrity
Choosing Sources Carefully
Using Lawful Methods to Obtain Information
The Principle of Responsibility
Understanding the Limitations of Empathy
Establishing an Appropriate Distance between the Viewer and the People in the IJ Piece
Limiting the Use of Emotional-Persuasion Techniques
Case Analysis
“Syria’s Silence”
“The Fight for Falluja”
“Nobel’s Nightmare”
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Notes
5 Quo Vadis, Newsgames? Ethical Boundaries Between Journalism and Games1
News in Games’ Guise: Introduction to Newsgames
Can We Play with the Message?
Designing Information as a Game: A Representative Sample
Informative and Mediatic Background of Newsgames
Challenges and Changes in Ethical Principles and Journalism Practices Through Newsgames
Truthfulness and Accuracy Principles
Fairness and Impartiality Principles
Humanity Principle
Principles of Independence and Accountability
Can Journalism Reinvent Itself as a Game? A Challenge for Media Ethics
Ludography
References
Notes
6 Guiding the Adoption of News Storytelling Design Through Ethics The Use of Stories in Google’s AMP Project
Introduction: Media and Market Context in Which AMP Stories Are Inserted
The Accelerated Mobile Pages Project and the AMP Stories
Ethical Codes That AMP Stories Put into Play
Changes in Journalistic Practices and Challenges in Professional Dynamics: Innovative Formats for the “Next Journalism” and the Principles of Ethics
Conclusions and Next Lines of Research
References
Notes
7 Data Journalism, Massive Leaks, and Investigation What the Panama Papers Have Taught Us About Ethics
How Ethical Approaches to Data Have Changed Newsrooms
Analysis
Ethical Debates on Sources: Journalism Stands for Public Interest
Data Transparency and Journalists’ Ability to Hold Power to Account
Collaboration Between Media: The Importance of Sharing
The Professionalization of “Leaktivism” and Social Change
The Value of Proximity
Conclusions
References
Notes
8 Semi-automated Journalism Reinforcing Ethics to Make the Most of Artificial Intelligence for Writing News
Introduction: Bots as an Innovation in News Production
The Spread of Automated Journalism in Newsrooms
Advantages and Limitations of this Technology for Professional Practice
Best Practices: A Semi-automated Journalism that Enhances Professional Values
Departure Point for Making Public Interest News
The Relevance and Appeal Lies in Local Coverage
Combining Speed and Verification to Increase Quality
Promoting Reporting and Investigation
Ethics, the Pillar of Strategic Innovation in Journalism
References
9 Ethical Challenges in Incorporating Artificial Intelligence into Newsrooms
Introduction
The Transformation of Journalism
Ethical and Deontological Keys in Journalism
Ethical Requirements Related to Artificial Intelligence
The Incorporation of Artificial Intelligence into Workflows: The Working Model Proposed in RTVE
Phase 1: Pre-alert or Journalistic Alert and Event Monitoring Systems
Ethical Considerations
Phase 2: Action
Ethical Considerations
Phase 3: Elaboration of the News
Ethical Considerations
Phase 4: Publication
Ethical Considerations
Phase 5: Archiving
Ethical Considerations
Phase 6: Analysis and Evaluation of the Audience
Ethical Considerations
Conclusions
References
10 Journalism, Algorithms, and the People’s Right to Know
Introduction1
A Look at the Founding Fathers
Using Data for Social Good Is an Old Thing
Where Do We Stand? Pulitzer Prizes
Big Wins … and Many Failings
It Might All Come Down to Education
Data Journalism Can and Must Be Simple and Local
Local Reality Check
The Role of Nonprofits and Press Agencies
The Elephant in the Room: A World of AI and Automation
Data, the Central Commodity
The Media and the Digital Divide
The Algorithm Beat
Algorithms Created by Private Companies
Facebook and Google
Training
Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Conclusion
References
Notes
11 Ethical Dilemmas in the Personalization of News from Voice Interfaces
The Mediatization of Consumption in the Digital Ecosystem
Birth and Evolution of Voice-Based Assistants
Voice Assistants and the Personalization of News
Ethical Demands in the Automated Personalization of Spoken News
References
12 Transparency, Innovation, and Journalism1
Transparency and Professional Ethics
Professional Cultures
Transparency and Innovation
References
Notes
13 Innovative Tools for Citizen Empowerment in the Fight Against Misinformation
Introduction
Methodology
Results
The Information Journey
Phase 1: Initial Information Capsules
Phase 2: Going into Greater Depth
Phase 3: Verification
Phase 4: Sharing Information
Emotions, a Transversal Element Across the Different Phases
Application of Results: The Provenance Fact-Checking Tool
Conclusions
Appendix 13.1
Appendix 13.2
References
Notes
Conclusion
From Creative Destruction to Creative Reconstruction
Technology as an Ambivalent Reality
Ethics and Values Should Illuminate Innovation’s Path
References
Index
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