Оглавление
Guntur Sugiyarto. The Long Road Ahead
THE LONG ROAD AHEAD
Contents
Tables, Figures, and Boxes
Abbreviations
Acknowledgments
Executive Summary
A. CHALLENGES TO FULL IMPLEMENTATION
B. OPPORTUNITIES FOR COOPERATION
I. Introduction
II. The Role of Mutual Recognition Arrangements in the ASEAN Economic Community: Ambitions and Expectations
A. THE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY’S GRAND AMBITIONS
B. GREAT EXPECTATIONS
III. Paper vs. Practice: Key Progress on Mutual Recognition Arrangements Implementation
A. CREATING IMPLEMENTING OFFICES AND BODIES
1. Implementing Structures on Paper
a) Dental, Medical, and Nursing Services
b) Accountancy, Architecture, and Engineering
c) Tourism
2. Progress at the Regional Level
3. Progress at the National Level
B. ESTABLISHING THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK
C. OPERATIONALIZING A PROCESS OF MUTUAL RECOGNITION AND REGISTRATION
1. Accountancy, Architecture, and Engineering
A Slow Process
2. Tourism
3. Dental, Medical, and Nursing
IV. Towards Full Implementation: Key Challenges
A. TECHNICAL CHALLENGES
1. Double and Not Mutual Recognition?
2. MRAs: A More Restrictive System?
B. INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES
1. Inadequate Funding
2. Lack of Coordination between Government Agencies
Lack of Mutual Recognition within Countries
3. Missing Offices, Bodies, and Legislations
a) Missing Regulatory Authorities
b) Missing Laws
c) Laws Waiting to Be Implemented
4. Frequent Turnover of Personnel
5. Poor Data Collection and Sharing
V. Beyond Issues of Mutual Recognition: Linking Development and Mobility
VI. Conclusion: Taking the “ASEAN Way” Forward
A. LEARNING BY DOING
B. GETTING BACK TO BASICS
C. THE LONG ROAD AHEAD
Appendixes. APPENDIX 1: METHODOLOGY
APPENDIX 2: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS IN FORMAL MEETINGS AND INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEWS
APPENDIX 3: AFFILIATIONS OF STAKEHOLDERS WHO COMPLETED MRA IMPLEMENTATION SURVEY
References
Отрывок из книги
STATUS REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ASEAN MUTUAL RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENTS ON PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
Dovelyn Rannveig Mendoza and Guntur Sugiyarto
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Passing national licensure exams. Half of the countries in the region require dentists to pass the national licensure exams, which substantially reduces the value of going through the MRA system.
Among the three health occupations (dentistry, medicine, and nursing), nurses face the most restrictive domestic regulations. Nine countries require nursing professionals to pass national licensure exams, and all 10 ASEAN countries have language requirements.
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