Matter & Memory

Matter & Memory
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Описание книги

This eBook has been formatted to the highest digital standards and adjusted for readability on all devices. Matter and Memory presents an analysis of the classical philosophical problems concerning this relation. Within that frame the analysis of memory serves the purpose of clarifying the problem. Matter and Memory was written in reaction to the book The Maladies of Memory by Théodule Ribot, which appeared in 1881. Ribot claimed that the findings of brain science proved that memory is lodged within a particular part of the nervous system; localized within the brain and thus being of a material nature. Bergson was opposed to this reduction of spirit to matter. Defending a clear anti-reductionist position, he considered memory to be of a deeply spiritual nature, the brain serving the need of orienting present action by inserting relevant memories. The brain thus being of a practical nature, certain lesions tend to perturb this practical function, but without erasing memory as such. The memories are, instead, simply not 'incarnated', and cannot serve their purpose.

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Henri Bergson. Matter & Memory

Matter & Memory

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TRANSLATORS' NOTE

INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1: Of the Selection of Images For Conscious Presentation. What Our Body Means and Does

Chapter 2: Of the Recognition of Images. Memory and Brain

Chapter 3: Of the Survival of Images. Memory and Mind

Chapter 4: The Delimiting and Fixing of Images. Perception and Matter. Soul and Body

Summary and Conclusion

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Henri Bergson

TRANSLATORS' NOTE

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Summary and Conclusion

Now, as soon as we do, indeed, apply to positive facts for such information as may help us to solve the problem, we find it is with memory that we have to deal. This was to be expected, because memory — we shall try to prove it in the course of this work — is just the intersection of mind and matter. But we may leave out the reason here: no one, at any rate, will deny that, among all the facts capable of throwing light on the psycho-physiological relation, those which concern memory, whether in the normal or in the pathological state, hold a privileged position. Not only is the evidence here extremely abundant (consider the enormous mass of observations collected in regard to the various kinds of aphasia), but nowhere else have anatomy, physiology and psychology been able to lend each other such valuable aid. Any one who approaches, without preconceived idea and on the firm ground of facts, the classical problem of the relations of soul and body, will soon see this problem as centering upon the subject of memory, and even more particularly upon the memory of words: it is from this quarter, undoubtedly, that will come the light which will illuminate the obscurer parts of the problem.

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