Spreadable Media
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Henry Jenkins. Spreadable Media
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How to Read This Book
Introduction: Why Media Spreads
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However, while this book combats the use of “viral” to describe many processes in which people are actively involved in circulating and shaping the meaning of content, we want to acknowledge that there still remain examples of “viral marketing.” Ilya Vedrashko (2010b) argues that, as marketers (hopefully) shift away from “viral marketing” as a catch-all term, they cannot forget that there are still literal examples of viral marketing which do not seek to engage audiences but rather deploy automated ways to induce audience members to unwittingly pass along their marketing messages.
As Iain Short (2010) points out, for instance, many applications for Twitter and Facebook send automated marketing updates to a person’s followers without a user actively passing this material along. Thus, downloading an app might cause a Facebook user’s friends to get pinged with a message encouraging them to join, or buying an animal on Farmville might send an update to all of a user’s Facebook friends (whether or not they play the game). In the instance of Facebook’s Open Graph feature, users receive notice that a friend is reading a particular story or watching a certain video in his or her Facebook news feed. In order to see the content, users have to download an application for that publisher, which then starts sharing what they read to their friends’ feeds. In all these cases, messages are sent “from the user,” without the user crafting the messages or often even being aware the message has been generated.
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