Оглавление
Hephzibah Strmic-Pawl. Understanding Racism
Dedication
Understanding Racism
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Preface
Understanding Theory
Understanding Race and Racism
A Note on Capitalization
Understanding Theories of Racism
Why These Theories and Scholars?
Theory Building
Features of Understanding Racism
A Note on Reflexivity
Works Cited
Notes
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Chapter 1 Prejudice and Discrimination
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
The Definition of Prejudice
The Nature of Categorization
In-Groups and Out-Groups
Why Prejudice Exists and Persists
Structural Explanations
Psychological Explanations
Prejudice in Action
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Additional Contribution: Merton’s Typology
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 2 White Privilege
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Whiteness
Facets of White Privilege
Opportunities Received
Lack of Authority Enforcement
White Ethnocentric Curriculum
Racial Segregation
Pattern of Laws
Confronting and Accepting White Privilege
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 3 White Supremacy
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Racing Space
Racing the Individual
Evolution of the Racial Contract
Enforcement of the Racial Contract
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Additional Contributions to White Supremacy Theory: Smith and strmic-pawl. Smith: Heteropatriarchy and the Three Pillars of White Supremacy
strmic-pawl: The White Supremacy Flower
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 4 Implicit Bias
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Implicit Versus Explicit
The Implicit Association Test
Interpreting the IAT
IAT Results: Your Culture or You?
The Origins of Implicit Cognition
Implicit Bias and Action
The IAT Website
Changes and Improvements to the IAT
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 5 Microaggressions
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Types of Microaggressions
Processing Microaggressions
Consequences of Microaggressions
Microaggressions and the Perpetrator
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 6 Racial Formation
Why This Theory
Ethnicity-Based Theory
Class-Based Theory
Nation-Based Theory
A Theory of Racial Formation
Description of the Theory
The State
The Components of the State
How Change Occurs
How the Centrality of Race Is Maintained
Racial Projects
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 7 Systemic Racism
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
White Economic Domination
The White Racial Frame
Alienated Social Relations and the Racial Hierarchy
Related Racial Domination
Whites’ Unjust Enrichment
Constant Struggle and Resistance
Systemic Racism Across Time
Era 1: Systemic Racism During Slavery
Era 2: Systemic Racism During Segregation
Era 3: Contemporary Racial Realities
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 8 Critical Race Theory
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Race Is a Social Construction
Racism Is a Regular Part of Society
Whiteness and Racism Provide Direct Rewards to Whites
The Importance of Intersectionality and Anti-Essentialism
People of Color Have a Unique, Valuable Perspective
Narrative and Legal Storytelling Are Important Tools
Critical Race Theory: Faces at the Bottom of the Well by Derrick Bell
Chapter 1: Racial Symbols: A Limited Legacy
Chapter 2: The Afrolantica Awakening
Chapter 3: The Racial Preference Licensing Act
Chapter 4: The Last Black Hero
Chapter 5: Divining a Racial Realism Theory
Chapter 6: The Rules of Racial Standing
Chapter 7: A Law Professor’s Protest
Chapter 8: Racism’s Secret Bonding
Chapter 9: The Space Traders
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms*
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 9 Laissez-Faire Racism
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
The Fall of Jim Crow Racism
Prejudice as Group Position
The Persistence of Widespread Racism
Laissez-Faire Racism
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 10 Structure and Culture
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Structure
Culture
Structure Plus Culture
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 11 Color-Blind Racism
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Color-Blind Racism
Frames
Styles
Stories
White Habitus
Is Color-Blind Racism Universal?
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 12 Colorism
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
Historical Origins of Light-Skin Valorization
Interracial and Intraracial Colorism
Interracial Colorism
Intraracial Colorism
Gendered Colorism
Colorism and Multiraciality
Measuring Colorism
The Effects of Colorism on a Macro Level
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Chapter 13 Intersectionality
Why This Theory
Description of the Theory
The Foundations of Intersectionality
Structural Intersectionality
Political Intersectionality
Representational Intersectionality
Intersectionality and the Relationship to Identity Politics and Anti-Essentialism
The Expansion of Intersectionality
How to Challenge Racism
By the Numbers
Evaluation. Methodological Benefits
Methodological Limitations
Theoretical Benefits
Theoretical Limitations
Conclusion
Reflect and Discuss
Key Terms
Key People
Works Cited and Further Reading
Notes
Descriptions of Images and Figures
Index
