The Calendar History of Kiowa Indians (Illustrated Edition)

The Calendar History of Kiowa Indians (Illustrated Edition)
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This eBook has been formatted to the highest digital standards and adjusted for readability on all devices. The desire to preserve to future ages the memory of past achievements is a universal human instinct, as witness the clay tablets of old Chaldea, the hieroglyphs of the obelisks, our countless thousands of manuscripts and printed volumes, and the gossiping old story-teller of the village or the backwoods cabin. The reliability of the record depends chiefly on the truthfulness of the recorder and the adequacy of the method employed. In Asia, the cradle of civilization, authentic history goes back thousands of years; in Europe the record begins much later, while in America the aboriginal narrative, which may be considered as fairly authentic, is all comprised within a thousand years. The peculiar and elaborate systems by means of which the more cultivated ancient nations of the south recorded their histories are too well known to students to need more than a passing notice here. It was known that our own tribes had various ways of depicting their mythology, their totems, or isolated facts in the life of the individual or nation, but it is only within a few years that it was even suspected that they could have anything like continuous historical records, even in embryo. The fact is now established, however, that pictographic records covering periods of from sixty to perhaps two hundred years or more do, or did, exist among several tribes, and it is entirely probable that every leading mother tribe had such a record of its origin and wanderings, the pictured narrative being compiled by the priests and preserved with sacred care through all the shifting vicissitudes of savage life until lost or destroyed in the ruin that overwhelmed the native governments at the coming of the white man. Several such histories are now known, and as the aboriginal field is still but partially explored, others may yet come to light.

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James Mooney. The Calendar History of Kiowa Indians (Illustrated Edition)

The Calendar History of Kiowa Indians (Illustrated Edition)

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Table of Contents

Introduction

Age of Aboriginal American Records

Aboriginal American Calendars

The Walam Olum of the Delawares

The Dakota Calendars

Other Tribal Records

The Kiowa Calendars

The Annual Calendars of Dohásän, Poläñ´yi-katón, Set-t'an, and Anko

The Anko Monthly Calendar

Comparative Importance of Events Recorded

Method of Fixing Dates

Scope of the Memoir

Acknowledgments

Sketch of the Kiowa Tribe

Tribal Synonymy

Tribal Sign

Linguistic Affinity

Tribal Names

Genesis and Migration

Early Alliance with the Crows

The Associated Kiowa Apache

The Historical Period

Possession of the Black Hills

The Extinct K'úato

Intercourse with the Arikara, Mandan, and Hidatsa

Recollections of Other Northern Tribes

Acquirement of Horses

Intercourse and War with the Comanche

Peace with the Comanche

Confederation of the Two Tribes

Neutral Attitude of New Mexicans

Relations with other Southern Tribes

First Official American Notices, 1805—1807

Explanation of "Aliatan" and "Tetau"

Unsuccessful Overtures of the Dakota

Smallpox Epidemic of 1816

The Kiowa in 1820

The Osage Massacre and the Dragoon Expedition—1833—34

The Treaty of 1837

Catlin's Observations in 1834

Traders Among the Kiowa

First Visit to Fort Gibson

Smallpox Epidemic of 1839—40—Peace with the Cheyenne and Arapaho

Texan Santa Fé Expedition

Cholera Epidemic of 1849

Fort Atkinson Treaty in 1853

Depredations in Mexico—Mexican Captives

Defeat of Allied Tribes by Sauk and Fox, 1854

Hostile Drift of the Kiowa

Defiant Speech of Dohásän

Smallpox Epidemic of 1861—62

Indian War on the Plains, 1864

Vaccination Among the Plains Tribes—Set-t'aiñte

The Little Arkansas Treaty in 1865

Death of Dohásän

Kiowa Raids Continued

The Treaty of Medicine Lodge, 1867, and Its Results

Renewed Hostilities

Battle of the Washita—Removal to the Reservation

Further Insolence of the Kiowa—Raids into Texas

Intertribal Peace Council, 1872

Joint Delegation to Washington, 1872

Thomas C. Battey, First Teacher among the Kiowa, 1872

Report of Captain Alvord

Release of Set-t'aiñte and Big-tree, 1873

Haworth's Administration—1873—78

First School Established by Battey

The Outbreak of 1874—75

CAUSES OF THE DISSENSION

THE COMANCHE MEDICINE-MAN

APACHE AND ARAPAHO FRIENDLINESS

FURTHER DEFIANCE

BATTLE OF ADOBE WALLS

FRIENDLIES COLLECTED AT FORT SILL

FIGHT AT ANADARKO, THE WICHITA AGENCY

SET-T'AIÑTE

PROGRESS OF THE CAMPAIGN

SURRENDER OF THE CHEYENNE

PRISONERS SENT TO FLORIDA

THE GERMAINE FAMILY

SURRENDER OF THE COMANCHE

Proposition to Deport Hostile Tribes

Kicking-Bird

Changed Conditions

Epidemics of Measles and Fever in 1877—First Houses Built

Agency Removed to Anadarko—The Last of the Buffalo

Threatened Outbreak Instigated by Dátekâñ

Epidemic of 1882—Beginning of Church Work

Leasing of Grass Lands

Pá-iñgya, the Medicine-Man and Prophet

Indian Court Established

Intertribal Council of 1888

Death of Sun-boy—The Last Sun Dance

Ghost Dance Inaugurated—Äpiatañ's Journey in 1890

Enlistment of Indians as Soldiers

Measles Epidemic of 1892—Grass Lands Leased

Commission for Allotment of Lands—Protest Against Decision

Present Condition—Agents in Charge of Confederate Tribes

Summary of Principal Events

Sociology of the Kiowa

Absence of the Clan System

Local Divisions

Subtribes

The Camp Circle

Military Organization—Yä`´pähe Warriors

Heraldic System

Name System

Marriage

Tribal Government

Character

Population

Religion of the Kiowa

Scope of Their Belief

The Sun

Objects of Religious Veneration

Tribal Medicines of Other Indians

The Sun Dance

The Nadiisha-Dena or Kiowa Apache

Tribal Synonymy

Tribal Sign

Origin and History

First Official American Notice

Treaties

Delegation to Washington, 1872—Friendly Disposition

Progress Toward Civilization—Death of Pacer, 1875

Recent History and Present Condition

Population

The Annual Calendars, 1833—1892

Winter 1832—33

Summer 1833

Winter 1833—34

Summer 1834

Winter 1834—35

Summer 1835

Winter 1835—36

Summer 1836

Winter 1836—37

Summer 1837

Winter 1837—38

Summer 1838

Winter 1838—39

Summer 1839

Winter 1839—40

Summer 1840

Winter 1840—41

Summer 1841

Winter 1841—42

Summer 1842

Winter 1842—43

Summer 1843

Winter 1843—44

Summer 1844

Winter 1844—45

Summer 1845

Winter 1845—46

Summer 1846

Winter 1846—47

Summer 1847

Winter 1847—48

Summer 1848

Winter 1848—49

Summer, 1849

Winter 1849—50

Summer 1850

Winter 1850-51

Summer 1851

Winter 1851—52

Summer 1852

Winter 1852—53

Summer 1853

Winter 1853—54

Summer 1854

Winter 1854—55

Summer 1855

Winter 1855—56

Summer 1856

Winter 1856—57

Summer 1857

Winter 1857—58

Summer 1858

Winter 1858—59

Summer 1859

Winter 1859—60

Summer 1860

Winter 1860—61

Summer 1861

Winter 1861—62

Summer 1862

Winter 1862—63

Summer 1863

Winter 1863—64

Summer 1864

Winter, 1864—65

Summer 1865

Winter 1865—66

Summer 1866

Winter 1866—67

Summer 1867

Winter 1867—68

Summer 1868

Winter 1868—69

Summer 1869

Winter 1869—70

Summer 1870

Winter 1870—71

Summer 1871

Winter 1871—72 (1872—73)

Summer 1872

Winter 1872—73

Summer 1873

Winter 1873—74

Summer 1874

Winter 1874—75

Summer 1875

Winter 1875—76

Summer 1876

Winter 1876—77

Summer 1877

Winter 1877—78

Summer 1878

Winter 1878—79

Summer 1879

Winter 1879—80

Summer 1880

Winter 1880—81

Summer 1881

Winter 1881—82

Summer 1882

Winter 1882—83

Summer 1883

Winter 1883—84

Summer 1884

Winter 1884—85

Summer 1885

Winter 1885—86

Summer 1886

Winter 1886—87

Summer 1887

Winter 1887—88

Summer 1888

Winter 1888—89

Summer 1889

Winter 1889—90

Summer 1890

Winter 1890—91

Summer, 1891

Winter 1891—92

Summer 1892

Kiowa Chronology

Terms Employed

The Seasons

Kiowa Moons or Months

Moons or Months of other Tribes

The Anko Monthly Calendar (August, 1889—July, 1893.)

Military and Trading Posts, Missions, etc

Within the Limits of the Accompanying Map

The Kiowa Language

Characteristics

Sounds

Kiowa-english Glossary

English-Kiowa Glossary3

FOOTNOTES

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James Mooney

Age of Aboriginal American Records

.....

Winter 1836—37

Summer 1837

.....

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