Оглавление
Jeffrey Dvorkin. Trusting the News in a Digital Age
Table of Contents
Guide
Pages
Trusting the News in a Digital Age. Toward a “New” News Literacy
1 Introduction to News Literacy. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 1
Definitions
Digital Economics
Why Some News is Suspect
“Surprise” and “Delight”
Why the News Has Appeal
The Appeal of News Literacy
“How Do We Know?”
The Promises and Dangers of the Internet
Why News Literacy Now?
What Is “Reliable” Information?
How the News Happens Now
What's at Stake?
Ethical Dilemma #1: Reporting on Someone You Know
Points of Discussion
Reference
Additional Resources
2 Changing Definitions of News. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 2
Watergate and the Role of the News
News and Digital Culture
The Rise of Digital Technology and Bias
We MUST Share and Receive Information
The Dominance of Images
New Ways of Doing the News
The “Uberization” of News
The Dangers of “Clickbait”
From Media Trust to Media Mistrust
Ethical Dilemma #2: Should Journalists Pay for News?
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
3 Why Should We Trust the News? Why Now? TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 3
News Transparency and the Question of Trust
The Value of Educated Guessing in Journalism
Evidence Versus Assertion in News
A Journalistic Checklist
Getting to Trust What You Read, Hear, and Watch
What Is Context and Why Do We Need It?
The Rise of “Clickbait”
Ethical Dilemma #3: When Reporting Could Affect People You Know Personally
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
4 Verification = Trust. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 4
“Verify, Then Trust”
Verification in an Era of News Abundance
Journalistic Information
How to Choose and What to Choose?
How Has Verification Been Affected by This?
Increased Democratization in News
The Rise (and Fading) of the News Ombuds/Public Editor
News Verification in the Digital Age
Picking the Right Sources
Credibility of Sources
Remember: Not all Evidence Is Equal
Service Journalism for News Literacy
Ethical Dilemma #4: The Mayor Rob Ford Story
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
5 The Effect of Digital on Media Forms. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 5
Better Technology = Better News?
Better News = Larger Audiences?
How Do We Know (It’s True?)
Verification + Truth = Reliable News
What About Polling?
Media Accountability on Different Platforms
Ethical Dilemma #5: Showing Offensive Images
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
6 When the Audience is Biased. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 6
The News Organizations and Reputation
The Need for News Scrutiny
Why We Need a Free Media
What is Fair?
What is Balance?
What is Opinion Journalism?
Opinion Journalism is About Persuasion
Does Advertising Tell the Truth?
Ethical Dilemma #6 Journalists Taking Sides in Their Community
Point of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
7 When the News is Biased. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 7
The Value of Bias
Can There Be Unbiased News?
Should the News Lead or Follow?
Why Should We Care About Bias?
Is Bias Always Unfair?
Cognitive Bias Among News Audiences
TMI!
Ethical Dilemma #7: Covering “Intelligent Design”: Can It Be Done Fairly?
Points of Discussion
Reference
Additional Resources
8 The Economics of Journalism in a Digital Age. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 8
The Business Case for Digital News
The Economics of the News Business
Making Digital Media Work for Citizens
The Arrival of the Big Five
Will Digital Journalism Survive?
What's Next for Journalism in the Digital Era?
Ethical Dilemma #8: Does Journalism Serve the Public When It May Offend?
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
9 Framing and Deconstructing the News. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 9
Framing the News
Finding a context in the Arab Spring
The Story of Political Change in the Middle East
Erving Goffman and News Literacy
Framing Techniques
When Framing Fails
Framing in Mainstream Media (MSM) and Digital Media
The Rise of the “Prosumer”
Framing Determines Presentation
The Rise of the Algorithm in Journalism
Ethical Dilemma #9: Free Speech Versus “Cancel Culture”
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
10 News Sources : Credible and Less Credible. TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 10
How Do We Know?
What is a Source and Why Do We Need One?
Who is Telling You the Truth?
“Trust, but Verify” – Old Russian Proverb
Protecting the Source
Having a Personal Relationship With a Source
Beware the “Double Hook”
Attribution
Who is Telling Us This? And Why Are They Doing So?
Sources as Whistleblowers
SLAPP Litigation
Next Steps
Ethical Dilemma #10: Should Journalists Pay for Access to a Story?
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
11 Trusting Journalism in a Time of “Fake News” TAKEAWAYS FROM CHAPTER 11
An Age of Rising Mistrust of Absolutely Everything (and Everyone)
The Rise of Digital (and Media) Skepticism
News Doubled Down on Digital
Can a Lack of Professionalism Save Journalism?
What is “Fake News” Exactly?
Who is behind “Fake News?”
What Are Dissemination Mechanisms?
Repetition of Internet Themes
The Four Es
Gresham's Law in Journalism
Ethical Dilemma #11: The Case of the Mutant Daisy
Points of Discussion
References
Additional Resources
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