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Joseph Rickaby. Moral Philosophy: Ethics, Deontology and Natural Law
Moral Philosophy: Ethics, Deontology and Natural Law
Table of Contents
PREFACE (1905)
PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION (1918)
PART I.—ETHICS. CHAPTER I.—OF THE OBJECT-MATTER AND PARTITION OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY. CHAPTER II.—OF HAPPINESS. Section I.—Of Ends. Section II.—Definition of Happiness. Section III.—Happiness open to Man. Section IV.—Of the Object of Perfect Happiness. Section V.—Of the use of the present life. CHAPTER III.—OF HUMAN ACTS. Section I.—What makes a human act less voluntary. Section II.—Of the determinants of Morality in any given action. CHAPTER IV.—OF PASSIONS. Section I.—Of Passions in general. Section II.—Of Desire. Section III.—Of Delight. Section IV.—Of Anger. CHAPTER V.—OF HABITS AND VIRTUES. Section I.—Of Habit. Section II.—Of Virtues in general. Section III.—Of the difference between Virtues, Intellectual and Moral. Section IV.—Of the Mean in Moral Virtue. Section V.—Of Cardinal Virtues. Section VI.—Of Prudence. Section VII.—Of Temperance. Section VIII.—Of Fortitude. Section IX.—Of Justice. PART II.—DEONTOLOGY. CHAPTER I. (VI.)—OF THE ORIGIN OF MORAL OBLIGATION. Section I.—Of the natural difference between Good and Evil. Section II.—How Good becomes bounden Duty, and Evil is advanced to sin. CHAPTER II. (VII.)—OF THE ETERNAL LAW. CHAPTER III. (VIII.)—OF THE NATURAL LAW OF CONSCIENCE. Section I.—Of the Origin of Primary Moral Judgments. Section II.—Of the invariability of Primary Moral Judgments. Section III.—Of the immutability of the Natural Law. Section IV.—Of Probabilism. CHAPTER IV. (IX.)—OF THE SANCTION OF THE NATURAL LAW. Section I.—Of a Twofold Sanction, Natural and Divine. Section II.—Of the Finality of the aforesaid Sanction. Section III.—Of Punishment, Retrospective and Retributive. CHAPTER V. (X.)—OF UTILITARIANISM. PART III.—NATURAL LAW. CHAPTER I.—OF DUTIES TO GOD. Section I.—Of the Worship of God. Section II.—Of Superstitious Practices. Section III.—Of the duty of knowing God. CHAPTER II.—OF THE DUTY OF PRESERVING LIFE. Section I.—Of Killing, Direct and Indirect. Section II.—Of Killing done Indirectly in Self-defence. Section III.—Of Suicide. Section IV.—Of Duelling. CHAPTER III.—OF SPEAKING THE TRUTH. Section I.—Of the definition of a Lie. Section II.—Of the Evil of Lying. Section III.—Of the keeping of Secrets without Lying. CHAPTER IV.—OF CHARITY. CHAPTER V.—OF RIGHTS. Section I.—Of the definition and division of Rights. Section II.—Of the so-called Rights of Animals. Section III.—Of the right to Honour and Reputation. Section IV.—Of Contracts. Section V.—Of Usury. CHAPTER VI.—OF MARRIAGE. Section I.—Of the Institution of Marriage. Section II.—Of the Unity of Marriage. Section III.—Of the Indissolubility of Marriage. CHAPTER VII.—OF PROPERTY. Section I.—Of Private Property. Section II.—Of Private Capital. Section III.—Of Landed Property. CHAPTER VIII.—OF THE STATE. Section I.—Of the Monstrosities called Leviathan and Social Contract. Section II.—Of the theory that Civil Power is an aggregate formed by subscription of the powers of individuals. Section III.—Of the true state of Nature, which is the state of civil society, and consequently of the Divine origin of Power. Section IV.—Of the variety of Polities. Section V.—Of the Divine Right of Kings and the Inalienable Sovereignty of the People. Section VI.—Of the Elementary and Original Polity. Section VII.—Of Resistance to Civil Power. Section VIII.—Of the Right of the Sword. Section IX.—Of War. Section X.—Of the Scope and Aim of Civil Government. Section XI.—Of Law and Liberty. Section XII.—Of Liberty of Opinion. ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA
MORAL PHILOSOPHY. PART I. ETHICS. CHAPTER I. OF THE OBJECT-MATTER AND PARTITION OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY
CHAPTER II
OF HAPPINESS. SECTION I.—Of Ends
SECTION II.—Definition of Happiness
SECTION III.—Happiness open to man
SECTION IV.—Of the Object of Perfect Happiness
SECTION V.—Of the use of the present life
CHAPTER III
OF HUMAN ACTS. SECTION I.—What makes a human act less voluntary
SECTION II.—Of the determinants of morality in any given action
CHAPTER IV
OF PASSIONS. SECTION I.—Of Passions in General
SECTION II.—Of Desire
SECTION III.—Of Delight
SECTION IV.—Of Anger
CHAPTER V
OF HABITS AND VIRTUES. SECTION I.—Of Habit
SECTION II.—Of Virtues in General
SECTION III.—Of the Difference between Virtues, Intellectual and Moral
SECTION IV.—Of the Mean in Moral Virtue
SECTION V.—Of Cardinal Virtues
SECTION VI.—Of Prudence
SECTION VII.—Of Temperance
SECTION VIII.—Of Fortitude
SECTION IX.—Of Justice
PART II. DEONTOLOGY. CHAPTER VI. OF THE ORIGIN OF MORAL OBLIGATION. SECTION I.—Of the natural difference between Good and Evil
SECTION II.—How Good becomes bounden Duty, and Evil is advanced to Sin
CHAPTER VII
OF THE ETERNAL LAW
CHAPTER VIII
OF THE NATURAL LAW OF CONSCIENCE. SECTION I.—Of the Origin of Primary Moral Judgments
SECTION II.—Of the invariability of Primary Moral Judgments
SECTION III.—Of the immutability of the Natural Law
SECTION IV.—Of Probabilism
CHAPTER IX
OF THE SANCTION OF THE NATURAL LAW. SECTION I.—Of a Twofold Sanction, Natural and Divine
SECTION II.—Of the Finality of the aforesaid Sanction
SECTION III.—Of Punishment Retrospective and Retributive
CHAPTER X
OF UTILITARIANISM
PART III. NATURAL LAW
CHAPTER I
OF DUTIES OF GOD. SECTION I.—Of the Worship of God
SECTION II.—Of Superstitious Practices
SECTION III.—Of the duty of knowing God
CHAPTER II
OF THE DUTY OF PRESERVING LIFE. SECTION I.—Of Killing, Direct and Indirect
SECTION II.—Of Killing done Indirectly in Self-defence
SECTION III.—Of Suicide
SECTION IV.—Of Duelling
CHAPTER III
OF SPEAKING THE TRUTH. SECTION I.—Of the Definition of a Lie
SECTION II.—Of the Evil of Lying
SECTION III.—Of the keeping of Secrets without Lying
CHAPTER IV
OF CHARITY
CHAPTER V
OF RIGHTS. SECTION I.—Of the definition and division of Rights
SECTION II.—Of the so-called Rights of Animals
SECTION III.—Of the right to Honour and Reputation
SECTION IV.—Of Contracts
SECTION V.—Of Usury
CHAPTER VI
OF MARRIAGE. SECTION I.—Of the Institution of Marriage
SECTION II.—Of the Unity of Marriage
SECTION III.—Of the Indissolubility of Marriage
CHAPTER VII
OF PROPERTY. SECTION I.—Of Private Property
SECTION II.—Of Private Capital
SECTION III.—Of Landed Property
CHAPTER VIII
OF THE STATE. SECTION I.—Of the Monstrosities called Leviathan and Social Contract
SECTION II.—Of the theory that Civil Power is an aggregate formed by subscription of the powers of individuals
SECTION III.—Of the true state of Nature, which is the state of civil society; and consequently of the Divine origin of Power
SECTION IV.—Of the Variety of Polities
SECTION V.—Of the Divine Right of Kings and the Inalienable Sovereignty of the People
SECTION VI.—Of the Elementary and Original Polity
SECTION VII.—Of Resistance to Civil Power
SECTION VIII.—Of the Right of the sword
SECTION IX.—Of War
SECTION X.—Of the Scope and Aim of Civil Government
SECTION XI.—Of Law and Liberty
SECTION XII.—Of Liberty of Opinion
APPENDIX
NOTE ON ROUSSEAU
INDEX
Отрывок из книги
Joseph Rickaby
Published by Good Press, 2019
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Readings.—St. Thos., 1a 2æ, q. 1, art. 4, in corp.; ib., q. 1, art. 6, 7; ib., q. 5, art. 8; Ar., Eth., I., vii., 4, 5.
1. Though all men do all things, in the last resort, that it may be well with them and theirs, that is, for happiness vaguely apprehended, yet when they come to specify what happiness is, answers so various are given and acted upon, that we might be tempted to conclude that each man is the measure of his own happiness, and that no standard of happiness for all can be defined. But it is not so. Man is not the measure of his own happiness, any more than of his own health. The diet that he takes to be healthy, may prove his poison; and where he looks for happiness, he may find the extreme of wretchedness and woe. For man must live up to his nature, to his bodily constitution, to be a healthy man; and to his whole nature, but especially to his mental and moral constitution, if he is to be a happy man. And nature, though it admits of individual peculiarities, is specifically the same for all. There will, then, be one definition of happiness for all men, specifically as such.
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