Arthashastra

Arthashastra
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Описание книги

Arthashastra is an ancient Indian Sanskrit book on statecraft, economic policy, and military strategy. Since the book relates to a broad scope of topics, it can be viewed as a complete manual on building a state based on Hindu philosophy. The name of the book is translated as «the science of wealth.» The book includes chapters on the nature of government, law, civil and criminal court systems, ethics, economics, markets, and trade, the methods for screening ministers, diplomacy, theories on war, nature of peace, and the duties and obligations of a king.The book possesses giant educational value and remainsever topical. Although it was created more than two millennia ago, it gives instructions that can be helpful today. For example, the author recommends lifting taxes on the areas devastated by natural phenomena or epidemics, helping to rebuild the areas which suffered and fortify major strategic towns.


Оглавление

Kautilya. Arthashastra

Arthashastra

Table of Contents

Book I, "Concerning Discipline"

CHAPTER I & II. THE LIFE OF A KING

CHAPTER III. THE END OF SCIENCES

CHAPTER IV. THE END OF SCIENCES

CHAPTER V. ASSOCIATION WITH THE AGED

CHAPTER VI. RESTRAINT OF THE ORGANS OF SENSE

CHAPTER VII. RESTRAINT OF THE ORGANS OF SENSE

CHAPTER VIII. CREATION OF MINISTERS

CHAPTER IX. THE CREATION OF COUNCILLORS AND PRIESTS

CHAPTER X. ASCERTAINING BY TEMPTATIONS PURITY OR IMPURITY IN THE CHARACTER OF MINISTERS

CHAPTER XI. THE INSTITUTION OF SPIES

CHAPTER XII. INSTITUTION OF SPIES

CHAPTER XIII. PROTECTION OF PARTIES FOR OR AGAINST ONE'S OWN CAUSE IN ONE'S OWN STATE

CHAPTER XIV. WINNING OVER FACTIONS FOR OR AGAINST AN ENEMY'S CAUSE IN AN ENEMY'S STATE

CHAPTER XV. THE BUSINESS OF COUNCIL MEETING

CHAPTER XVI. THE MISSION OF ENVOYS

CHAPTER XVII. PROTECTION OF PRINCES

CHAPTER XVIII. THE CONDUCT OF A PRINCE KEPT UNDER RESTRAINT AND THE TREATMENT OF A RESTRAINED PRINCE

CHAPTER XIX. THE DUTIES OF A KING

CHAPTER XX. DUTY TOWARDS THE HAREM

CHAPTER XXI. PERSONAL SAFETY

Book II, "The Duties of Government Superintendents"

CHAPTER I. FORMATION OF VILLAGES

CHAPTER II. DIVISION OF LAND

CHAPTER III. CONSTRUCTION OF FORTS

CHAPTER IV. BUILDINGS WITHIN THE FORT

CHAPTER V. THE DUTIES OF THE CHAMBERLAIN

CHAPTER VI. THE BUSINESS OF COLLECTION OF REVENUE BY THE COLLECTOR-GENERAL

CHAPTER VII. THE BUSINESS OF KEEPING UP ACCOUNTS IN THE OFFICE OF ACCOUNTANTS

CHAPTER VIII. DETECTION OF WHAT IS EMBEZZLED BY GOVERNMENT SERVANTS OUT OF STATE REVENUE

CHAPTER IX. EXAMINATION OF THE CONDUCT OF GOVERNMENT SERVANTS

CHAPTER X. THE PROCEDURE OF FORMING ROYAL WRITS

CHAPTER XI. EXAMINATION OF GEMS THAT ARE TO BE ENTERED INTO THE TREASURY

CHAPTER XII. CONDUCTING MINING OPERATIONS AND MANUFACTURE

CHAPTER XIII. SUPERINTENDENT OF GOLD IN THE GOLDSMITH'S OFFICE

CHAPTER XIV. THE DUTIES OF THE STATE GOLDSMITH IN THE HIGH ROAD

CHAPTER XV. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF STOREHOUSE

CHAPTER XVI. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF COMMERCE

CHAPTER XVII. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF FOREST PRODUCE

CHAPTER XVIII. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ARMOURY

CHAPTER XIX. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

CHAPTER XX. MEASUREMENT OF SPACE AND TIME

CHAPTER XXI. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF TOLLS

CHAPTER XXII. REGULATION OF TOLL-DUES

CHAPTER XXIII. SUPERINTENDENT OF WEAVING

CHAPTER XXIV. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF AGRICULTURE

CHAPTER XXV. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF LIQUOR

CHAPTER XXVI. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF SLAUGHTER-HOUSE

CHAPTER XXVII. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF PROSTITUTES

CHAPTER XXVIII. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF SHIPS

CHAPTER XXIX. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF COWS

CHAPTER XXX. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF HORSES

CHAPTER XXXI. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF ELEPHANTS

CHAPTER XXXII. TRAINING OF ELEPHANTS

CHAPTER XXXIII. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CHARIOTS; THE SUPERINTENDENT OF INFANTRY AND THE DUTY OF THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF

CHAPTER XXXIV. THE SUPERINTENDENT OF PASSPORTS

CHAPTER XXXV. THE DUTY OF REVENUE-COLLECTORS; SPIES IN THE GUISE OF HOUSEHOLDERS, MERCHANTS AND ASCETICS

CHAPTER XXXVI. THE DUTY OF A CITY SUPERINTENDENT

Book III, "Concerning Law"

CHAPTER I. DETERMINATION OF FORMS OF AGREEMENT; DETERMINATION OF LEGAL DISPUTES

CHAPTER II. CONCERNING MARRIAGE. THE DUTY OF MARRIAGE, THE PROPERTY OF A WOMAN, AND COMPENSATIONS FOR REMARRIAGE

CHAPTER III. THE DUTY OF A WIFE; MAINTENANCE OF A WOMAN; CRUELTY TO WOMEN; ENMITY BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE; A WIFE's TRANSGRESSION; HER KINDNESS TO ANOTHER; AND FORBIDDEN TRANSACTIONS

CHAPTER IV. VAGRANCY, ELOPEMENT AND SHORT AND LONG SOJOURNMENTS

CHAPTER V. DIVISION OF INHERITANCE

CHAPTER VI. SPECIAL SHARES IN INHERITANCE

CHAPTER VII. DISTINCTION BETWEEN SONS

CHAPTER VIII. BUILDINGS

CHAPTER IX. SALE OF BUILDINGS, BOUNDARY DISPUTES, DETERMINATION OF BOUNDARIES, AND MISCELLANEOUS HINDRANCES

CHAPTER X. DESTRUCTION OF PASTURE-LANDS, FIELDS AND ROADS, AND NON-PERFORMANCE OF AGREEMENTS

CHAPTER XI. RECOVERY OF DEBTS

CHAPTER XII. CONCERNING DEPOSITS

CHAPTER XIII. RULES REGARDING SLAVES AND LABOURERS

CHAPTER XIV. RULES REGARDING LABOURERS; AND CO-OPERATIVE UNDERTAKING

CHAPTER XV. RESCISSION OF PURCHASE AND SALE

CHAPTER XVI. RESUMPTION OF GIFTS, SALE WITHOUT OWNERSHIP AND OWNERSHIP

CHAPTER XVII. ROBBERY

CHAPTER XVIII. DEFAMATION

CHAPTER XIX. ASSAULT

CHAPTER XX. GAMBLING AND BETTING AND MISCELLANEOUS OFFENCES

Book IV, "The Removal of Thorns"

CHAPTER I. PROTECTION OF ARTISANS

CHAPTER II. PROTECTION OF MERCHANTS

CHAPTER III. REMEDIES AGAINST NATIONAL CALAMITIES

CHAPTER IV. SUPPRESSION OF THE WICKED LIVING BY FOUL MEANS

CHAPTER V. DETECTION OF YOUTHS OF CRIMINAL TENDENCY BY ASCETIC SPIES

CHAPTER VI. SEIZURE OF CRIMINALS ON SUSPICION OR IN THE VERY ACT

CHAPTER VII. EXAMINATION OF SUDDEN DEATH

CHAPTER VIII. TRIAL AND TORTURE TO ELICIT CONFESSION

CHAPTER IX. PROTECTION OF ALL KINDS OF GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS

CHAPTER X. FINES IN LIEU OF MUTILATION OF LIMBS

CHAPTER XI. DEATH WITH OR WITHOUT TORTURE

CHAPTER XII. SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH IMMATURE GIRLS

CHAPTER XIII. PUNISHMENT FOR VIOLATING JUSTICE

Book V, "The Conduct of Courtiers"

CHAPTER I. CONCERNING THE AWARDS OF PUNISHMENTS

CHAPTER II. REPLENISHMENT OF THE TREASURY

CHAPTER III. CONCERNING SUBSISTENCE TO GOVERNMENT SERVANTS

CHAPTER IV. THE CONDUCT OF A COURTIER

CHAPTER V. TIME-SERVING

CHAPTER VI. CONSOLIDATION OF THE KINGDOM AND ABSOLUTE SOVEREIGNTY

Book VI, "The Source of Sovereign States"

CHAPTER I. THE ELEMENTS OF SOVEREIGNTY

CHAPTER II. CONCERNING PEACE AND EXERTION

Book VII, "The End of the Six-Fold Policy"

CHAPTER I. THE SIX-FOLD POLICY, AND DETERMINATION OF DETERIORATION, STAGNATION AND PROGRESS

CHAPTER II. THE NATURE OF ALLIANCE

CHAPTER III. THE CHARACTER OF EQUAL, INFERIOR AND SUPERIOR KINGS; AND FORMS OF AGREEMENT MADE BY AN INFERIOR KING

CHAPTER IV. NEUTRALITY AFTER PROCLAIMING WAR OR AFTER CONCLUDING A TREATY OF PEACE; MARCHING AFTER PROCLAIMING WAR OR AFTER MAKING PEACE; AND THE MARCH OF COMBINED POWERS

CHAPTER V. CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT MARCHING AGAINST AN ASSAILABLE ENEMY AND A STRONG ENEMY; CAUSES LEADING TO THE DWINDLING, GREED, AND DISLOYALTY OF THE ARMY; AND CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE COMBINATION OF POWERS

CHAPTER VI. THE MARCH OF COMBINED POWERS; AGREEMENT OF PEACE WITH OR WITHOUT DEFINITE TERMS; AND PEACE WITH RENEGADES

CHAPTER VII. PEACE AND WAR BY ADOPTING THE DOUBLE POLICY

CHAPTER VIII. THE ATTITUDE OF AN ASSAILABLE ENEMY; AND FRIENDS THAT DESERVE HELP

CHAPTER IX. AGREEMENT FOR THE ACQUISITION OF A FRIEND OR GOLD

CHAPTER X. AGREEMENT OF PEACE FOR THE ACQUISITION OF LAND

CHAPTER XI. INTERMINABLE AGREEMENT

CHAPTER XII. AGREEMENT FOR UNDERTAKING A WORK

CHAPTER XIII. CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT AN ENEMY IN THE REAR

CHAPTER XIV. RECRUITMENT OF LOST POWER

CHAPTER XV. MEASURES CONDUCIVE TO PEACE WITH A STRONG AND PROVOKED ENEMY; AND THE ATTITUDE OF A CONQUERED ENEMY

CHAPTER XVI. THE ATTITUDE OF A CONQUERED KING

CHAPTER XVII. MAKING PEACE AND BREAKING IT

CHAPTER XVIII. THE CONDUCT OF A MADHYAMA KING, A NEUTRAL KING, AND OF A CIRCLE OF STATES

Book VIII, "Concerning Vices and Calamities"

CHAPTER I. THE AGGREGATE OF THE CALAMITIES OF THE ELEMENTS OF SOVEREIGNTY

CHAPTER II. CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE TROUBLES OF THE KING AND OF HIS KINGDOM

CHAPTER III. THE AGGREGATE OF THE TROUBLE OF MEN

CHAPTER IV. THE GROUP OF MOLESTATIONS, THE GROUP OF OBSTRUCTIONS, AND THE GROUP OF FINANCIAL TROUBLES

CHAPTER V. THE GROUP OF TROUBLES OF THE ARMY, AND THE GROUP OF TROUBLES OF A FRIEND

Book IX, "The Work of an Invader"

CHAPTER I. THE KNOWLEDGE OF POWER, PLACE, TIME, STRENGTH, AND WEAKNESS; THE TIME OF INVASION

CHAPTER II. THE TIME OF RECRUITING THE ARMY; THE FORM OF EQUIPMENT; AND THE WORK OF ARRAYING A RIVAL FORCE

CHAPTER III. CONSIDERATION OF ANNOYANCE IN THE REAR; AND REMEDIES AGAINST INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL TROUBLES

CHAPTER IV. CONSIDERATION ABOUT LOSS OF MEN, WEALTH, AND PROFIT

CHAPTER V. EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL DANGERS

CHAPTER VI. PERSONS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAITORS AND ENEMIES

CHAPTER VII. DOUBTS ABOUT WEALTH AND HARM; AND SUCCESS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE EMPLOYMENT OF ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIC MEANS

Book X, "Relating to War"

CHAPTER I. ENCAMPMENT

CHAPTER II. MARCH OF THE CAMP; AND PROTECTION OF THE ARMY IN TIMES OF DISTRESS AND ATTACK

CHAPTER III. FORMS OF TREACHEROUS FIGHTS; ENCOURAGEMENT TO ONE'S OWN ARMY AND FIGHT BETWEEN ONE'S OWN AND ENEMY'S ARMIES

CHAPTER IV. BATTLEFIELDS; THE WORK OF INFANTRY, CAVALRY, CHARIOTS, AND ELEPHANTS

CHAPTER V. THE DISTINCTIVE ARRAY OF TROOPS IN RFSPECT OF WINGS, FLANKS, AND FRONT; DISTINCTION BETWEEN STRONG AND WEAK TROOPS; AND BATTLE WITH INFANTRY, CAVALRY, CHARIOTS AND ELEPHANTS

CHAPTER VI. THE ARRAY OF THE ARMY LIKE A STAFF, A SNAKE, A CIRCLE, OR IN DETACHED ORDER; THE ARRAY OF THE ARMY AGAINST THAT OF AN ENEMY

Book XI, "The Conduct of Corporations"

CHAPTER I. CAUSES OF DISSENSION; AND SECRET PUNISHMENT

Book XII, "Concerning a Powerful Enemy"

CHAPTER I. THE DUTIES OF A MESSENGER

CHAPTER II. BATTLE OF INTRIGUE

CHAPTER III. SLAYING THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF AND INCITING A CIRCLE OF STATES

CHAPTER IV. SPIES WITH WEAPONS, FIRE, AND POISON; AND DESTRUCTION OF SUPPLY, STORES AND GRANARIES

CHAPTER V. CAPTURE OF THE ENEMY BY MEANS OF SECRET CONTRIVANCES OR BY MEANS OF THE ARMY; AND COMPLETE VICTORY

Book XIII, "Strategic Means to Capture a Fortress"

CHAPTER I. SOWING THE SEEDS OF DISSENSION

CHAPTER II. ENTICEMENT OF KINGS BY SECRET CONTRIVANCES

CHAPTER III. THE WORK OF SPIES IN A SIEGE

CHAPTER IV. THE OPERATION OF A SIEGE

CHAPTER V. RESTORATION OF PEACE IN A CONQUERED COUNTRY

Book XIV, "Secret Means"

CHAPTER I. MEANS TO INJURE AN ENEMY

CHAPTER II. WONDERFUL AND DELUSIVE CONTRIVANCES

CHAPTER III. THE APPLICATION OF MEDICINES AND MANTRAS

CHAPTER IV. REMEDIES AGAINST THE INJURIES OF ONE'S OWN ARMY

Book XV, "The Plan of a Treatise"

CHAPTER I. PARAGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS OF THIS TREATISE

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Kautilya

The Startegy of Success

.....

CHAPTER III. THE APPLICATION OF MEDICINES AND MANTRAS.

CHAPTER IV. REMEDIES AGAINST THE INJURIES OF ONE'S OWN ARMY.

.....

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