New Private Monies

New Private Monies
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Kevin Dowd argues that states must allow a level playing field as far as private money is concerned. For too long the government has stifled competition between state-backed and private currencies. Instead, central banks should welcome competition as it forces them to offer consumers greater choice and improved quality. A weakened ability to store value, growing restrictions on finance, oppressive taxes and a lack of financial privacy have resulted in growing frustration at state controlled money. The superior nature of private currencies combined with the financial freedom they offer has led to their increasing attraction. Bitcoin enables its owners, among other things, to protect their wealth, make investments free from government control and retain a level of privacy, making it increasingly attractive. The price of Bitcoin rose from 3 cents in April 2010 when first traded, to over $900 in January 2014. The relationship between restrictions on individual freedom and demand for private money is also identified in the paper. The increasing constraints on personal freedom have led to private money becoming more and more popular as it enables people to do what would otherwise be illegal. The market for private monies will continue to thrive as long as states restrict and prohibit various forms of commerce.

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Kevin Dowd. New Private Monies

The author

Foreword

Acknowledgements

Summary

Trading Liberty Dollars for greenbacks

Liberty Dollar notes

The Liberty Dollar in exchange and as a store of value

The Liberty Dollar and the law in the land of liberty

Digital gold currency

The supply of Bitcoin

The demand for Bitcoin

History of the Bitcoin market

Current state of the Bitcoin market

Threats to Bitcoin

The future of Bitcoin

In the long run, is Bitcoin dead?

Free trade: the Silk Road

Financial freedom

Regulation of contemporary private monies

Cryptocurrencies and the transformation of society?

References

About the IEA

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Kevin Dowd is professor of finance and economics at Durham University and a partner in Cobden Partners. A lifelong classical liberal, his main interests are in private money and free banking, but he is also interested in general political economy, monetary and financial economics, regulation, risk management and pensions. His books include Private Money: The Path to Monetary Stability (IEA, 1998); The State and the Monetary System (Philip Allan, 1989); Laissez-Faire Banking (Routledge, 1992); Competition and Finance: A New Interpretation of Financial and Monetary Economics (Macmillan, 1996); and, most recently, with Martin Hutchinson, Alchemists of Loss: How Modern Finance and Government Intervention Crashed the Financial System (Wiley, 2010). He edited The Experience of Free Banking (Routledge, 1992) and (with R. H. Timberlake, Jr) Money and the Nation State: The Financial Revolution, Government and the World Monetary System (Transaction Publishers, 1998). He has published widely in academic journals and is an adjunct scholar of the Cato Institute, a senior fellow with the Cobden Centre and a member of the Academic Advisory Council of the Institute of Economic Affairs. He lives in Sheffield, England, with his family.Foreword

State monies have increasingly become open to competition with each other as a result of the breakdown of exchange controls. Arguably, this has been one of the factors that has led to better inflation performance. However, there has been very little competition between state money and private sector monies. Now, that situation is changing – though only at the margin.

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The IEA commends this monograph to all who are interested in the future of money and, indeed, to all who are interested in the process of innovation in a free economy more generally.

Philip Booth

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