The Combined Bomber Offensive 1943 - 1944: The Air Attack on Nazi Germany

The Combined Bomber Offensive 1943 - 1944: The Air Attack on Nazi Germany
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The invasion of Occupied Europe loomed but the battle against Nazi Germany was just in its infancy. Fighter production was on the rise, tanks were still rolling off the German production lines, and the early air attacks by the Allies had resulted in meager damage. Clearly a change was in order. In 1943, that change came about through the declaration of a Combined Bomber Offensive which called for the destruction of Germany by air. Long before American soldiers set foot on continental Europe, the airmen of the Eighth Air Force brought the battle to Hitler’s Third Reich. This lost history documents the critical year of the air attack on Germany as observed and recorded in 1945.

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L. Douglas Keeney. The Combined Bomber Offensive 1943 - 1944: The Air Attack on Nazi Germany

The Combined Bomber Offensive 1943 - 1944: The Air Attack on Nazi Germany. L. Douglas Keeney

Acknowledgments

FOREWORD

TARGET SELECTION FOR THE COMBINED BOMBER OFFENSIVE - Early Planning: 1941-1942

THE CASABLANCA CONFERENCE

The Report of the Committee of Operations Analysts

The Combined Bomber Offensive Plan and Directive

Judgments Concerning the Selection of Targets

THE FIRST PHASE OF THE COMBINED BOMBER OFFENSIVE APRIL – JUNE 1943. Size of the United States Forces

General Nature of First-Phase Operations

The Defense of the Day Bomber

Day Operations in Accordance with CBO Target Systems

Submarine Installations

GAF Facilities

Rubber

Motor Vehicles

The RAF Attack on the Ruhr

The Tentative Results of First-Phase Attacks

THE SECOND PHASE OF THE COMBINED BOMBER OFFENSIVE, July – September 1943. Organization and Build-Up Problems

Magnitude and Rate of Operations

Problems of Defense and Bombing Accuracy

Pattern of Day-Bombing Operations

Ball-bearings

Opertation STARKEY

Night Operations of the Eighth Air Force

RAF Bomber Command Operations

THE THIRD PHASE OF THE COMBINED BOMBER OFFENSIVE, OCTOBER – DECEMBER 1943. Organizational Developments

Magnitude and Rate of Third-Phase Operations from the United Kingdom

Defensive Side of Third-Phase Operations

Blind Bombing Initiated by the Eighth Air Force

Patter of Third-Phase Daylight Operations

Aircraft Facilities

Port Cities, Submarine and Ship Building

Antifriction Bearings

Oil

Miscellaneous Operations

Eight Missions by the Eighth Air Force

RAF Operations, Fourth Quarter 1943

CONCLUSION

STRATEGIC BOMBING

COMBINED BOMBER OFFENSIVE PLANS JANUARY – JUNE 1944

TARGET SELECTION UNDER PRIORITY SYSTEMS

ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED STATES STRATEGIC AIR FORCES

WEAPONS AND DEFENSE

ATTACK ON AIRFRAMES, AERO-ENGINES, AND AIRFIELDS

ATTACK ON THE BALL BEARING INDUSTRY

TRANSPORTATION

ATTACK ON OIL, CHEMICALS, AND RUBBER

CONCLUSION

APPENDIX

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Original manuscript found at the Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama

All Photographs: Courtesy The National Archives

.....

It further stated that the destruction of the selected individual targets within those systems would achieve the elimination of commanding fractions of enemy production within the affected industries:

The German aircraft industry was placed second in the priority list of target systems, but the plan stated that German fighter strength was an intermediate objective of the bomber offensive second to none. That is to say that the German fighter force and to be destroyed before the combined bomber offensive, especially the American part of it, could b successful. It was pointed out in this connection that German fighter production had increased 44% and fighter strength on the Western front had nearly doubled since the entry of the United States into the war.

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