Оглавление
Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer. Jonah Through the Centuries
Wiley Blackwell Bible Commentaries
Jonah Through the Centuries
Table of Contents
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Author’s Preface
Introduction
Jewish Interpretations
Early Jewish Interpretations
Rabbinical and Mediaeval Jewish Interpretations
Christian Interpretations
Typology
Jonah in Christian Art
Jewish Responses to Christian Polemic
Islamic Interpretations
Modern Literary Interpretations
Jonah Running Away from His Calling
Jonah the Refugee
Jonah and God’s Justice
The Fish
Jonah 1
Jonah 1:1
Jonah’s Identity and Ancestry
Jonah’s Prophetic Career
Jonah, Elisha’s Disciple
Jonah, the Prophet during Jeroboam II’s Reign
Jonah’s Longevity
Jonah’s Name and Character
Jonah 1:2
‘Nineveh, the great city’
‘and call out against her’
‘its wickedness has ascended before Me’
Why Did God Send a Prophet to Forewarn Non-Jews about the Consequences of Their Wickedness?
Jonah 1:3
‘And Jonah rose to flee’
Was Jonah Guilty of Suppressing Prophecy?
Fleeing from God – Mythical, Fictional, and Scholarly Retellings
Fleeing from Oneself
‘to Tarshish’
‘and he went down to Yafo’
‘from the presence of YHWH ’
‘and he found a ship coming Tarshish’
‘and paid its fare’
‘and went down into It’
Jonah 1:4
‘And YHWH hurled a great wind towards the sea’
‘and the ship threatened to be broken up’
Jonah 1:5
‘The sailors were afraid and cried out, each to his own god’
‘And they hurled the utensils, which were in the ship, into the sea to lighten [it] of them’
‘And Jonah had gone down into the innermost parts of the boat, laid down, and fallen asleep’
Jonah 1:6
Jonah 1:7
A Matter of Narrative
‘let us cast lots’
‘so that we will know on whose behalf this evil is’
Jonah 1:8
Jonah 1:9
‘And he said to them “I am a Hebrew”’
‘Who has made the sea and the dry land’
Jonah 1:10
‘And the men feared greatly’
‘And they said to him: “What is this that you have done?”’
‘for he had told them’
Jonah 1:11
Jonah 1:12
‘Pick me up and throw me into the sea’
Jonah 1:13
Jonah 1:14
Jonah 1:15
‘And they lifted Jonah and threw him into the sea’
The Sailors’ Violation of the Code of Hospitality
‘and the sea ceased from its raging’
Jonah 1:16
Notes
Jonah 2
Jonah 2:1 [Eng. 1:17]
‘And God appointed a big fish to swallow Jonah’
‘And Jonah was in the belly of the fish for three days and three nights’
Jonah 2:2 [Eng. 2:1]
Whence Did Jonah Pray?
How Did Jonah Pray?
What Did Jonah Pray?
‘from the womb’
‘the fish’
Jonah 2:3 [Eng. 2:2]
Jonah’s Time in the Fish – —The Overarching Story
‘I called out’
‘The Belly of Sheol’
God’s Response – Jonah’s Surety of Salvation
Jonah 2:4 [Eng. 2:3]
Jonah 2:5 [Eng. 2:4]
‘And I said, I am cast out from before your eyes’
‘yet I will surely gaze again at your holy temple’
Jonah 2:6 [Eng. 2:5]
Jonah 2:7 [Eng. 2:6]
‘To the bases of the mountains I descended’
‘the earth, its bars are behind me forever’
‘You have brought up from the pit my life, o YHWH , my God’
Jonah 2:8 [Eng. 2:7]
‘When my soul fainted, I remembered YHWH ’
‘may my prayer come before you to your holy temple’
Jonah 2:9 [Eng. 2:8]
‘Those who observe the vapours of vanity’
‘forsake their goodness’
The Identification of the Subject
The Sailors
The Jews
Jonah 2:10 [Eng. 2:9]
Jonah 2:11 [Eng. 2:10]
‘AndYHWHspoke to the fish’
‘and it vomited Jonah upon the dry land’
What Happened to the Fish?
The End?
Notes
Jonah 3
Jonah 3:1
‘A second time’
Jonah 3:2
Jonah 3:3
‘And Jonah rose and went to Nineveh’
The End?
‘a great city to God’
‘a journey of three days’
Jonah 3:4
‘And Jonah began to come to the city’
What Did Jonah Really Say?
The Content of Jonah’s Sermon
What Does the Verb nehepachet Mean?
Why Did God Tell the People of Nineveh of the Planned Destruction Beforehand?
In How Many Days Would Nineveh Be Destroyed?
How Would Nineveh Be Destroyed?
Jonah 3:5
‘And the people of Nineveh believed in God’
‘and they called a fast’
To Fast or Not to Fast
Encouragement to Belike the People of Nineveh
Anti-Jewish Comparisons
‘and they put on sackcloth’
Jonah 3:6
‘And the matter reached the king of Nineveh’
‘and he rose from his throne and removed his cloak from upon him’
Jonah 3:7
Jonah 3:8
‘But let man and beast cover themselves with sackcloth’
‘and let them call out mightily to God’
‘and let each one of them turn from his evil way and from the violence that is in their hands’
Anti-Jewish Polemic
Jonah’s Reaction to the Ninevites’ Penitence
Jonah 3:9
‘who knows’
‘and God will change his mind’
Jewish Views
Christian Views
Muslim Views
Jonah 3:10
‘And God saw their deeds’
‘and God changed his mind concerning the evil which he had planned to do to them, and he did not do [it]’
The End?
Notes
Jonah 4
Jonah 4:1
Why Did Jonah Become Angry?
When Did Jonah Become Angry?
Jonah 4:2
Jonah’s Behaviour
Abraham, Moses, Joel, and Jonah
God’s Failure to Be Unmerciful
‘A Masque of Mercy’
‘Jonas zum Beispiel’
Jonah’s Foresight
Jonah 4:3
Jonah 4:4
God’s Mercy for Strangers
Jonah’s Anger and Cain’s Anger
La meva Cristina
A estranha nação de Rafael Mendes
Jonah 4:5
‘And Jonah left from the city and sat east of the city’
‘and made himself there a sukkah’
‘so that he would see what would happen in the city’
Jonah 4:6
‘And God appointed a qiqayyon’
The Reclining Jonah
Jonah’s Happiness
Poetic Retellings
Jonah 4:7
‘And God appointed a worm when the dawn rose the next morning’
‘and it attacked the qiqayyon and it withered’
Jonah 4:8
‘God appointed an eastern, sultry wind’
‘and he grew faint’
Jonah 4:9
Jonah 4:10
Jonah 4:11
A Rhetorical Question or a Declarative Statement?
‘120 000 people’
‘who do not know their right [hand] from their left [hand]’
‘and many cattle’
And All the Creatures Lived Happily Ever After?
The Ultimate Fate of the People of Nineveh
The Ultimate Fate of Jonah
What Happened Next?
Jonah’s Silence
The Ultimate Fate of the Fish
Modern Jonahs?
Note
Conclusion
Biography
Bibliography
Index of Biblical Texts
General Index
Index of Authors
WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
