Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

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Литагент HarperCollins USD. Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

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Dedication

Contents

Foreword by Godfrey Devereux, author of Dynamic Yoga

Introduction to the New Edition by B. K. S. Iyengar

What is sadhana?

The yoga sadhana of Patañjali

Patañjali

The Yoga Sutras

Samadhi Pada

Sadhana Pada

Vibhuti Pada

Kaivalya Pada

Themes in the Four Padas. I: Samadhi Pada

What is soul?

Study of consciousness

Culture of consciousness

Why practice and renunciation are essential

Effects of practice and renunciation

Universal Soul or God (Isvara, Purusa Visesan or Paramatman)

The obstacles

Ways of surmounting the obstacles and reaching the goal

Effects of practice

II: Sadhana Pada

Sufferings or afflictions (Klesas)

How to minimize afflictions

Cause of afflictions

Cosmology of nature

Characteristics of Purusa

Fulfilment

Seven states of wisdom

The Yogic disciplines

Yama

Effects of Yama

Niyama

Asana and its effects

Pranayama and its effects

Pratyahara

III. Vibhuti Pada

Samyama

Intelligence

Properties of yoga

Caution

Moment and movement

Pure intelligence

IV: Kaivalya Pada

Five types of Yogis

Talent

Actions

Desires and impressions

Time

Subject and object

Cit and citta (universal and individual consciousness)

Caution

The dawn of spiritual and sorrowless light

Part one. Samadhi Pada

I.1 atha yoganusAsanam

I.2 yogah cittavrtti nirodhah

Yoga is the cessation of movements in the consciousness

1.3 tatla drastuh svarupe avasthanam

I.4 vrtti sarupyam itaratra

I.5 vrttayah pañcatayyah klista aklistah

1.6 pramana viparyaya vikalpa nidra smrtayah

I.7 pratyaksa anumana agamah pramanani

I.8 viparyayah mithyajñanam atadrupa pratistham

I.9 sabdajñana anupati vastusunyah vikalpah

[I.10 abhava pratyaya alambana vrttih nidra

I.1.1 anubhuta visaya asammpramosah smrtsh

I.12 abhyasa vairagyabhyaa tannirodhah

I.13 tatra sthitau yatnah abhyasah

I.14 sa tu dirghakala nairantarya satkara asevitah asevitah drnhabhamah

I.15 drsta anusravika visaya vitrstasya vasikarasamjña vairagyam

I.16 tatparara purusakhyateh gunavaitrstyam

I.17 vitarka vicara ananda asmitarupa anugamat samprajñatah

I.18 viramapratyaya abhyasapurvah samskarasesah anyah

I.19 bhavapratyayah videha prakrtilayanam

I.20 sraddha virya smrti samadhiprajña purvakah itaresam

I.21 tivrasamveganam asannah

I.22 mrdu madhya adhimatratvat tatah api visesah

I.23 Isvara pranidhanat va

I.24 klesa karma vipaka asayaih aparamrstah purusavisesah Isvarah

I.25 tarra niratisayam sarvajiñabijam

I.26 sa esah purvesam api guruh kalena anavacchedat

I.27 tasya vacakah pranavah

I.28 tajjapah tadarthabhavanam

I.29 tatah pratyakcetana adhigamah api antaraya abhavah ca

I.30 vyadhi styana samsaya pramada alasya avirati bhrantidarsana alabdhabhumikatva anavasthitatvani cittaviksepah te antarayah

I.31 duhkha daurmanasya angamejayatva svasaprasvasah viksepa sahabhuvah

I.32 tarpratisedhartham ekatattva abhyasah

I.33 maitri karuna mudina upeksanam sukha duhkha punya apunya visayanam bhavanatah cittaprasadanam

I.34 pracchardana vidharanabhyam va Pranasya

I.35 visayavati va pravrttih utpanna manasah sthiti nibandhani

I.36 visoka va jyotismati

I.37 vitaraga viayam va cittam

I.38 svapna nidra jñana alambanam va

I.39 yathabhimata dhyanat va

I.40 paramanu paramamahattvantah asya vasikarah

I.41 ksinavrtteh abbijatasya iva maneh grahinr grahana grahyesu tatstha tadañjanata samapattih

I.42 tatra sabda artha jñana vikalpaih sankirna savitrarka samapattih

I.43 smrtiparisuddhau svarupasunya iva arthamatranirbhasa nirvitarka

I.44 etayaiva savicara nirvicara ca suksmavisaya vyakhyata

I.45 suksmavisayatvam) ca alinga paryavasanam

I.46 ta eva sabijah samadhih

I.47 nirvicara vaisaradye adhyatmaprasadah

I.48 rtambhara tatra prajña

I.49 sruta anumana prajñabhyam anyavisaya visesarthatvat

I.50 tajjah samskarah anyasamskara pratibandhi

I.51 tasyapi nirodhe sarvanirodhat nirbijah samadhih

Part two. Sadhana Pada

11.1 tapah svadhyaya Isvarapranidhanani kriyayogah

II.2 samadhi bhavanarthah klesa tanukaratarthasca

II.3 avidya asmita raga dvesa abhinivesah klesah

II.4 avidya kstram uttaresam prasupta tanu vicchinna udaranam

II.5 anitya asuci duhkha anatmasu nitya suci sukha atma khyatih avidya

II.6 drk darsanasaktyoh ekatmata iva asmita

II.7 sukha anusayi ragah

II.8 duhkha anusayi dvesah

II.9 svarasavahi vidusah api tatha arunhah abhinivesah

II.10 re pratiprasavaheyah suksmah

II.11 dhyanaheyah tadvrttayah

II.12 klesamulah karmasayah drsta adrsta janma vedaniyah

II.13 sati mule tadvipakah jati ayuh bhogah

II.14 te hlada parinapa phalah punya apunya hetutvat

II.15 parinama tapa samskara duhkaih gunavrtti virodhat ca duhkham eva sarvam vivekinah

II.16 heyam duhkham anagatam

II.17 drastrdrsyayoh samyogah heyahetuh

II.18 prakasa kriya sthiti silam bhutendriyatmakam bhogapavargartham drsyam

II.19 visesa avisesa lingamatra alitDgani gunaparvani

11.20 drasta drsimatrh suddhah api pratyayanupasyah

11.21 tadarthah eva drsyasya atma

11.22 krtartham prati nastam api anastam tadanya sadharanatvat

II.23 sva svamisaktyoh svarupopalabdhi hetuh saayogah

11.24 tasya hetuh avidya

11.25 tad abhavat samyogabhavah hanaa taddrseh kaivalyam

11.26 vivekakhyatih aviplava hanopayah

11.27 tasya saptadha prantabhumih prajña

11.28 yogatDganusthanat asuddhiksaye jñanadiptih avivekakhyateh

11.29 yama niyama Asana pranayama pratyahara dharana dhyana samadhayah astau atgani

11.30 ahimsa satya asteya brahmacarya aparigrahah yamah

11.31 jati desa kala samaya anavacchinnah sarvabhaumah maharatam

11.32 sauca santosa tapah svadhyaya isvarapranidhanani niyamah

11.33 vitarkabadhane pratipaksabhavanam

11.34 vitarkah himsadayah krta karita anumoditah lobha krodha moha purvakah mrdu madhya adhimatrah duhkha ajñana anantaphalah iti pratipaksabhavanam

11.35 ahimsapratisthayam tatsannidhau vairatyagah

11.36 satyapratisthayam kriyaphalasrayatvam

11.37 asteyapratisthayam sarvaratnopasthanam

11.38 brahmacaryapratisthayam viryalabhah

11.39 aparigrahasthairye janmakathamta sambodhah

11.40 saucat svangajugupsa paraih asamsargah

11.41 sattvasuddhi saumanasya aikagrya indriyajaya atmadarsana yogyatvani ca

11.42 santosat anuttamah sukhalabhah

11.43 kaya indriya siddhih asuddhiksayat tapasah

11.44 svadhyayat istadevata samprayogah

11.45 samadhisiddhih Isvarapranidhanat

11.46 sthira sukham Asanam

11.47 prayatna saithilya ananta samapattibhyam

11.48 tatah dvandvah anabhighatah

11.49 tasmin satisvasa prasvasayoh gativicchedah pranayamah

11.50 bahya abhyantara stambha vrttih desa kala samkhyabhih paridrstah dirgha suksmah

11.51 bahya abhyantara visaya aksepi caturthah

11.52 tarah ksiyate prakasa avaratam

11.53 dharanasu ca yogyata manasah

11.54 svavisaya asamprayoge cittasya svarupanukarah iva indriyatam pratyaharah

11.55 tatah parama vasyata indriyatam

Part three. Vibhuti Pada

III.1 desa bandhah cittasya dharana

III.2 tatra pratyaya ekatanata dhyanam

III.3 tadeva arthamatranirbhasam svarupasunyam iva samadhih

III.4 trayam ekatra samyamah

III.5 tajjayat prajñalokah

11.6 tasya bhumisu viniyogah

III.7 trayam antaratgam purvebhyah

III.8 tadapi bahirangam nirbijasya

III.9 vyutthana nirodha sam skarayoh abhibhava pradurbhavau nirodhaksata cittanvayah nirodhaparinamah

III.10 tasya prasantavahita samskarat

III.11 sarvarthata ekagratayoh ksaya udayau cittasya samadhiparinamah

III.12 tatah punahsanta uditau tulya pratyayau cittasya ekagrataparinamah

III.13 etena bhutendriyesu dharma laksana avastha parinamah vyakhyatah

III.14 santa udita avyapadesya dharma anupati dharmi

III.15 krama anyatvam parinama anyatve hetun

III.16 parinamatraya samyamat atita anagatajñanam

III.17 sabda artha pratyayanam itaretaradhyasat satDkarah tatpravibhaga samyamat sarvabhuta rutajñanam

III.18 samskara saksatkaranat purvajatijñanam

III.19 pratyayasya paracittajñanam

III.20 na ca tat salambanam tasya avisayi bhutatvat

III.21 kaya rupa samyamat tadgrahyasakti stambhe caksuh prakasa asamprayoge antardhanam

III.22 etena sabdadi antardhanam uktam

III.23 sopakramam nirupakramam ca karma tatsamyamat aparantajñanam aristebhyah va

III.24 maitryadisu balani

III.25 balesu hasti baladini

III.26 pravrtti aloka nyasat suksma vyavahita vipraKrsnajñanam

III.27 bhuvanajñanam surye samyamat

III.28 candre taravyuhajñanam

III.29 dhruve tadgatijñanam

III.30 nabhicakre kayavyuhajñanam

III.31 katthakupe ksutpipasa nivrttih

III.32 kurmanadyam sthairyam

III.33 murdha jyotisi siddha darsanam

III. 34 pratibhat va sarvam

III.35 hrdaye citta samvit

III. 36 sattva purusayoh atyanta asamkirtayoh pratyaya avisesah bhogah pararthatvat svartha samyamat purusajñanam

III.37 tatah pratibha sravata vedana adarsa asvada vartah jayante

III.38 te samadhau upasargah vyutthane siddhayah

III.39 bandha karana saithilyat pracara samvedanat ca cittasya para sarir avesah

III.40 udana jayat jala patDka kattak adisu asangah utkrantih ca

III.41 samanajayat jvalanam

III.42 srotra akasayoh sambandha samyamat divyam srotram

III.43 kaya akasayoh sambandha samyamat laghutulasamapatteh ca akasagamanam

III.44 bahih akalpita vrttih mahavideha tatah prakasa avarataksayah

III.45 sthula svarupa suksma anvaya arthavatva samyamat bhutajayah

III.46 tatah atimadi pradurbhavah kaasampat taddharma anabhighatah ca

III.47 rupa lavanya bala vajra samhananatvani kayasampat

III.48 grahana svarupa asmita anvaya arthavattva samyamat indriyajayah

III.49 tatah manojavitvam vikaranabhavah pradhanajayah ca

III.50 sattva purusa anyata khyatimatrasya sarvabhava adhisthatrtvam sarvajñatrtvam ca

III.51 tadvairagyat api dosabijaksaye kaivalyam

III.52 sthanyupanimantrane sangasmayakaranam punaranista prasangat

III.53 ksana tatkramayoh samyamat vivekajam jñanam

III.54 jati laksana desaih anyata anavacchedat tulyayoh tatah pratipattih

III.55 tarakam sarvavisayam sarvathavisayam akramam ca iti vivekajam jaanam

III.56 sattva purusayoh suddhi samye kaivalyam iti

Part four. Kaivalya pada

IV.1 janma ausadhi mantra tapah samadhijah siddhayah

IV.2 jatyantara parinamah prakrtyapurat

IV. 3 nimittam aprayojakam prakrtinam varatabhedah tu tatah ksetrikavat

IV.4 nirmatacittani asmitamatrat

IV. 5 pravrtti bhede prayojakam cittam ckam anekesam

IV. 6 tatra dhyanajam anasayam

IV.7 karma asukla akrsnam yoginah trividham itaresam

IV. 9 jati desa kala vyavahitanam api anantaryam smrti samskarayoh ekarupatvat

IV.10 tasam anaditvam ca asisah nityatvat

1V. 11 hetu phala asraya araya alambanaih sangrhitatvat esam abhave tad abhavah

IV. 12 atita anagatam svarupatah asti adhvabhedat dharmanam

IV.13 te vyakta suksmah guunatmanah

IV. 14 parinama ekatvat vastutattvam

IV. 15 vastusamye cittabhedat tayoh vibhaktah panthah

IV.16 na ca ekacitta tantram ced vastu tat apramanakam tada kim syat

IV. 17 taduparaga apeksitvat cittasya vastu jñata ajñatam

IV. 18 sada jñatas cittavrttayas tatprabhos purusasya aparinamitvat

IV. 19 na tat svabhasam drsyatvat

IV. 20 ekasamaye ca ubhaya anavadharanam

IV.21 cittantaradrsye buddhibuddhes atiprasangas smrtisankaras ca

IV.22 citeh apratisamkramayah tadakarapattau svabuddhisamvedanam

IV.23 drasnr drsya uparaktam cittam sarvartham

IV.24 tat asankhyeya vasanabhih citram api parartham samhatyakaritvat

IV.25 visesadarsinah atmabhava bhavananivrttih

IV.26 tada vivekanimnam kaivalya pragbharam cittam

IV.27 tat cchidresu pratyaya antarani samskarebhyah

IV.28 hanam esam klesavat uktam

IV.29 prasamkhyane api akusidasya sarvatha vivekakhyates dharmameghas samadhih

IV.30 tatah klesa karma nivrttih

IV.31 tada sarva avarastana malapetasya jñanasya anantyat jñeyam alpam

IV.32 tatah krtarthanam parinamakrama samaptih gutanam

IV.33 ksata pratiyogi parinama aparanta nirgrahyah kramah

IV.34 purusartha sunyanam gunanam pratiprasavah kaivalyam svarupapratistha va citisaktih iti

Epilogue

If you enjoyed Light on the Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali, check out these other great B.K.S. Iyengar titles

APPENDIX I A Thematic Key to the Yoga Sutras

APPENDIX II Interconnection of Sutras

APPENDIX III Alphabetical Index of Sutras

APPENDIX IV Yoga in a Nutshell

List of Tables and Diagrams

Glossary

Index

Invocatory Prayers

A note from Sir Yehudi Menuhin

Hints on Transliteration* and Pronunciation

List of important terms in the text

On Yoga

Acknowledgements

By the Same Author:

About the Publisher

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B.K.S. IYENGAR

Light on the Yoga

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Once the principles have been withdrawn into their root, their potential remains dormant, which is why a person in the state of samadhi is but can not do; the outward form of nature has folded up like a bird’s wings. If the sadhaka does not pursue his sadhana with sufficient zeal, but rests on his laurels, the principles of nature will be re-activated to ill effect. Nature’s turbulence will again obscure the light of the purusa as the sadhaka is again caught up in the wheel of joy and sorrow. But he who has reached the divine union of purusa and prakrti, and then redoubles his efforts, has only kaivalya before him.

Purusa, the seer or the soul, is absolute pure knowledge. Unlike nature (prakrti), which is subject to change, purusa is eternal and unchanging. Free from the qualities of nature, it is an absolute knower of everything. The seer is beyond words, and indescribable. It is the intelligence, one of nature’s sheaths, which enmeshes the seer in the playground of nature and influences and contaminates its purity. As a mirror, when covered with dust, cannot reflect clearly, so the seer, though pure, cannot reflect clearly if the intelligence is clouded. The aspirant who follows the eightfold path of yoga develops discriminative understanding, viveka, and learns to use the playground of nature to clear the intelligence and experience the seer.

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