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Lloyd Minor. Discovering Precision Health
Table of Contents
Guide
Pages
DISCOVERING PRECISION HEALTH. Predict, Prevent, and Cure to Advance Health and Well‐Being
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
INTRODUCTION THE POWER OF PRECISION HEALTH
THE PRECISION HEALTH PAST—AND PRESENT
KEY PRINCIPLES OF PRECISION HEALTH
Predictive and Preventive
Personalized and Precise
Patient‐Centered
Participatory
Preeminent
“High Touch” and “High Tech”
THE TIME IS RIGHT FOR PRECISION HEALTH
ABOUT ME
THE ORIGINS OF PRECISION HEALTH AT STANFORD
ABOUT THE BOOK
CHAPTER 1 THE STATE OF U.S. HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE DELIVERY
THE HEALTH PARADOX
THE U.S. HEALTH CARE CONUNDRUM
THE “SOPHISTICATED” TECHNOLOGY IN DOCTORS’ OFFICES
THE UNFULFILLED POTENTIAL OF ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
WHAT HANDICAPS THE U.S. HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
Reactive
One Size Fits All
Fragmented
Medical Practices
For Payers
For Regulators
For Technologists
Detached and Disconnected from Patients
Low Value
Misguided Incentives
Opaque Pricing
Physician Burnout
CHAPTER 2 THERE’S MORE TO “HEALTH” THAN HEALTH CARE
PRECISION HEALTH AND POPULATION HEALTH
GENES ARE ONE PIECE OF THE HEALTH PUZZLE
BEHAVIORS CAN CHANGE—AND DO CHANGE
CHAPTER 3 THE INNOVATION AND DISRUPTION POWERING PROGRESS IN HEALTH
COMMERCIALIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIA AND INDUSTRY
HOW DIGITAL HEALTH CAN DRIVE DISRUPTION AND INNOVATION
THE ENVIRONMENTS THAT FOSTER INNOVATION
HOW THE ARTS HELPED ADVANCE ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY
SHATTERING THE STROKE TREATMENT STOPWATCH
Resistance to Innovation
DEVELOPING THE THERAPEUTIC OPPORTUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH STEM CELLS AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
BRINGING INNOVATION TO IMMUNOLOGY
THE APPROACHING REVOLUTION IN SLEEP RESEARCH
THE PROGRESS UNDERWAY IN PREDICTING, PREVENTING, AND CURING ALLERGIES
THE PROGRESS TOWARD PREDICTING, PREVENTING, AND CURING MENTAL ILLNESS
Disrupting Mental Health Diagnoses
Transforming Mental Health Treatment through Measurement
ADVANCING EARLY DETECTION AND TREATMENT OF AUTISM
The Unlikely Role of Google Glass in Treating Autism
THE BENEFIT OF BIG SCIENCE / BIG PHARMA COOPERATION
MAKING BABIES WITH MODERN TECHNOLOGY
The Creation of “Savior Siblings” to Save Lives
An IVF Success Story
ADVANCING SCIENCE THROUGH CITIZEN SCIENTISTS
The Profile of a Citizen Scientist
DEVELOPING NEW THERAPEUTICS AND REPURPOSING EXISTING DRUGS
ACCELERATING INNOVATION IN HEALTH TECHNOLOGY
HOW DATA CAN IMPROVE MEDICAL EDUCATION AND HELP MEASURE PHYSICIAN PERFORMANCE
DEVELOPING NEW AND BETTER DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS
LEVERAGING INTERDISCIPLINARY INNOVATION TO ADVANCE GLOBAL HEALTH
BRINGING TRANSPARENCY TO DRUG PRICING
DOING THE “IMPOSSIBLE”: USING PLANTS TO PRODUCE “MEAT”
MINIMIZING MISTAKES IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
INNOVATION GONE WRONG: THOUGHTS ON THERANOS
CHAPTER 4 FUNDAMENTAL, DISCOVERY‐FOCUSED RESEARCH: THE FOUNDATION OF BIOMEDICAL BREAKTHROUGHS
THE MANY DIFFERENT REASONS FOR RESEARCH
A BREAKTHROUGH ENABLED BY BASIC SCIENCE
MEDICAL RESEARCH AND UNEXPECTED DISCOVERIES
DISCOVERIES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY THAT ENABLED GENES TO BE CLONED
THE BIRTH OF BIOTECHNOLOGY: CLONING GENES TO PRODUCE PROTEIN
DISCOVERY OF A NOVEL MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION
ELUCIDATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF COMPLEX PROTEINS
FOUNDING THE FIELD OF COMPUTATIONAL STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
UNRAVELING HOW NEURONS COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER
ILLUMINATING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE BRAIN
PUSHING PHYSICS—AND OTHER DISCIPLINES—TO NEW FRONTIERS
EXPANDING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE BRAIN’S DEVELOPMENT—AND COUNTERING ITS DECLINE
UNDERSTANDING THE MYSTERIES OF AGING
REVEALING THE ROOTS OF REGENERATION
BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES AS A CATALYST FOR BIOMEDICAL DISCOVERIES
Development of Methods to Sort Cells and Make Drugs
A TOOL PROVIDING NEW INSIGHTS ABOUT BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS
TRAINING THE NEXT GENERATION OF LEADERS IN BIOMEDICINE
CHAPTER 5 PEERING INTO THE FUTURE: LEVERAGING THE POWERS OF PREDICTION TO HELP PREVENT ILLNESS
WHAT MEDICINE CAN LEARN FROM AVIATION
DON LISTWIN’S CAMPAIGN TO ADVANCE EARLY CANCER DETECTION
THE EMERGENCE OF NEW AND IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS
Back to Basics with Blood Tests
FORWARD THROUGH THE PAST
BRINGING NEW PRECISION TO RISK MANAGEMENT AND SCREENING FOR BREAST CANCER
NEW UNDERSTANDING OF GENETICS AND NEW POTENTIAL TO PREDICT, PREVENT, AND CURE DISEASE
More Precise Interpretation of Genetic Testing
Predicting Disease through Genomic Testing
Detecting Atrial Fibrillation through Genetic Testing
Genetic Testing to Predict How Patients Will Respond to Specific Drugs
FEELING THE BENEFIT OF PHARMACOGENOMICS
THE EMERGING DIGITAL HEALTH REVOLUTION
The Uses of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science
Machine Learning Moves into Detection and Prediction
The Power of Data
Tools That Operate in the Background
Bridging “High Touch” and “High Tech”
CHAPTER 6 PREVENTION AS A PATHWAY TO HEALTH AND WELLNESS
COMBATING DISEASE THROUGH HEALTHY FOOD CONSUMPTION
New Ideas about Changing Behaviors
Marketing Matters
Higher Education and Healthier Eating
Healthy Bodies via a Healthy Gut
DEPLOYING A DIGITAL TOOL TO IMPROVE THE HUMAN DIET
PREVENTING PRETERM BIRTH AS WELL AS PERINATAL AND MATERNAL MORTALITY
USING PREVENTION TO BENEFIT CHILDREN
A POTENTIALLY NEW CHAPTER IN PREVENTION COMING FROM GENOME SEQUENCING AND DATA SCIENCE
SCALING INNOVATION TO HELP MANAGE A CHRONIC CONDITION
Livongo
Omada Health
PREVENTION AT WALMART
PREVENTION AT STANFORD
Precision Health Pilot
CHAPTER 7 CURING DISEASE WITH MORE PRECISE MEDICAL THERAPIES
OBSTACLES TO CURES—AND OVERCOMING THEM
A MORE PRECISE CANCER TREATMENT: IMMUNOTHERAPY
COMBATING GENETIC DISEASES
Making Headway Toward Conquering Spinal Muscular Atrophy
The Quest to Tackle Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Using Gene Therapy and Gene Editing to Treat Disease
Ethical and Moral Issues Connected to Genome Editing
Gene Editing to Treat Sickle Cell Disease
GENE EDITING OF EMBRYOS
Treating a Painful and Debilitating Skin Condition
INDIVIDUALIZING CELLULAR APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING DISEASES IN INDIVIDUALS
The Brain
The Transformative Potential of iPS Cells
Exploring the Therapeutic Value of Organoids
MAKING HEADWAY IN THE FIGHT AGAINST HIV‐AIDS
PERSISTENT THREATS TO TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
HOW SURGERY IS BECOMING MORE EFFICIENT AND LESS INVASIVE
CONCLUSION ACHIEVING PRECISION HEALTH: THE OPPORTUNITIES—AND CHALLENGES—AHEAD
NOTES. INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
CONCLUSION
INDEX
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