THE ELEMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FAIRIES: An A-Z of Fairies, Pixies, and other Fantastical Creatures
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Lucy Cooper. THE ELEMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FAIRIES: An A-Z of Fairies, Pixies, and other Fantastical Creatures
Contents
Introduction
Toward a Definition
Sources
A Note on Spellings
Using This Book
What are Fairies?
A Pygmy People
Spirits of the Dead
Fallen Angels
The Hidden People
Diminished Gods
From the Fates to the Fairies
Fairy or Faery?
Where is Fairyland?
In-between Places
The Passage of Time in Fairyland
Adventures in Fairyland
Oisin and Tir Nan Og
Bran and the Land of Women
Fairyland, the Underworld, Glamor, and Taboos
The Legend of Innis Sark
Cherry of Zennor
Fairy Treasure
Entrances to Fairyland
Fairy Hills
Fairy Rings
Barrows and Megaliths
Fairy Rocks
Caves
Wells
Trespassers in Fairyland
Fairy Places to Visit
Abatwa
Abbey Lubber
Absinthe
Acalica
Ad-hene
Adlet
Adlivun
A. E
Aedh
Aeval
Afanasyev, Aleksandr (1826–1871)
Agricultural Spirits
Aguane
Aibell
Aigamuxa
Aiken Drum
Aitahqa-a-nukumaitore
Aitvaras
Aka
Akari
Akakasoh
Alan
Alven
Alp Luachra
Amesha Spentas
Ana
Andersen, Hans Christian (1805–1875)
Angus Mac Og
Anguta
Ankou
Anthropophagi
Aoibheall
Appletree Man
Apsaras
Apuku
Árák Sruk
Arawotya
Arianhod
Arkan Sonney
Asbjørnsen, Peter Christen, and Moe, Jørgen Engebretsen (1812–1885), (1813–1882)
Ashray
Askafroa
Askefrue
Asojano Babaluaye
Asrai
Aughisky
Aveline
Awd Goggie
Aziza
Baba Yaga
Babi Ngepet
Bacalou
Bäckahäst
Badalisc
Badb
Badhbh
Bakru
Ballybog
Balor of the Evil Eye
Bannik
Banshee
Baobhan Sith
Barbegazi
Barguest
Bariaua
Baron Samedi
Basile, Giambattista (c.1575–1632)
Bathing Fairies
Bauchan
Baumesel
Baykok
Bean Nighe
Bean-Sidhe
Bediarhari
Bela
Belliegha
Bendith y Mamau
Bendigeidfran
Ben Varrey
Berkhyas
Bertha, Frau
Bhoot
Biasd Beulach
Billy Winkler
Biloko
Biriir ina Baroqo
Bisimbi
Black Annis
Black Dogs
Blodeuedd
Bloody Bones
Blud
Blue Burches
Blue-Cap
Blue Men of the Minch
Bodach
Bodachan Sabhaill
Bogan
Bogeyman
Boggart
Bogies
Boginki
Bogles
Bokwus
Bongas
Booman
Boomasoh
Bottrell, William (1816–1881)
Bozaloshtsh
Brag
Bran the Blessed
Branwen
Briggs, Katharine (1898–1980)
Brighid
Brigit
Brolga
Brollachan
Broonie
Brother Mike
Brown Man of the Muirs
Brownie
Brownie-Clod
Bucca
Buggane
Bugul-Noz
Bullbeggar
Bunyip
Bushyasta
Buttery Spirits
Bwbach
Bwbachod
Bwca
Cabyll Ushtey
Caillagh ny Groamagh
Cailleach Beara
Cailleach Bera
Cailleach Bheur
Cait Sith
Campbell, John Francis (1821–1885)
Campbell, John Gregorson (1836–1891)
Canotila
Caoineag
Caointeach
Capelthwaite
Carmichael, Alexander (1832–1912)
Cauld Lad of Hilton, The
Ceasg
Ceni
Changeling
Chin Chin Kobakama
Churnmilk Peg
Cipenapers
Clap Cans
Cloud Master, the
Cloud People, the
Cluricaune
Coblynau
Tom Cockle
Coco, El
Coleman Grey
Colepexy
Colt Pixy
Corrigan
Cottingley Fairies
Co-walker
Cowlug Sprites
Crimbil
Crodh Mara
Croker, Thomas Crofton (1798–1854)
Croquemitaine
Cú Chulainn
Cú Cuchaind
Cù Sith
Cuachag
Cúchulainn
Cuchullin
Curupira
Cutty Soams
Cwn Annwn
Cyhyraeth
D’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine (c.1650–1705)
Dagda
Daji
Dame Hirip
Dame Rapson
Dana
Danu
Daoine Mainne
Daoine Sidh
Daphne
Deevs
Dennison, Walter Traill (1826–1894)
Derrick
Devas
Diana
Dinny Mara
Direach, the
Divs
Djinn
Dobbs
Dobby
Dobie
Domovoi
Don
Dormette, La
Dracs
Draugen
Dryads
Duergar
Dunnie
Dunters
Dwarves
Dzunukwa
E Bukura e Dheut
Each Uisge
Edimmu
Efnisien
Egeria
Ehaema, Twilight Mother
Eidothea
Eilian of Garth Dorwen
Ekimmu
Elabigathan
Elaby Gathen
Elder Tree, the Old Lady of the
Elf
Elf-Bull
Elidor and the Golden Ball
Ellylldan
Eloko
Elves
Erdhenne
Erdluitle
Ergetz, Fairy Princess of
Erlking
Erlkönig
Eschenfrau
Eshu
Etain of the Tuatha de Danann
Ethna the Bride
Evans-Wentz, Walter Yeeling (1878–1965)
Ezerinis
Fachan
Fachen
Fachin
Fairy Butter
Fand
Farisees
Farralis
Fates, the
Fatit
Fear Dearig
Fear Gorta
Feens
Feeorin
Fennel
Fenodoree
Feriers
Ferishers
Ferrishyn
Fetch
Fianna
Fians
Fideal, the
Fin Bheara
Finland Men
Finmen
Finn
Finnen
Finvarra
Fionn mac Cumhaill
Fir Chlis
Fir Darrig
Fir Dhearga
Firbolgs
Fire Drake
Flibbertigibbet
Foidin Seachrain
Follets
Fomorians
Fossegrim
Foul-Weather
Four Winds, the
Frairies
Frau Wachholder
Friar’s Lantern
Fuathan, the
Fyglia
Connecting with Fairies
Protection from Mischievous or Pernicious Fairies
Metal
Bells
Turning Clothes
Running Water
Crosses
Currying Favor with the Fairies
Seeing Fairies
Anne Jefferies and the Fairies
Second Sight
Four-leafed Clovers
Fairy Ointment
A Steady Gaze
Fairy Stones
Spells to See a Fairy
Times of Day
The Fairy Calendar
Imbolc
The Spring Equinox
Beltane or May Eve
The Midsummer Solstice
Lughnasa
The Autumn Equinox
Samhain
The Midwinter Solstice
Musicians, Dancers, and Revelers
Thomas the Rhymer
The Legend of Knockgrafton
Fairy Music
The Art of Fayerie
Ga-Gaah
Gabija
Gabriel Ratchets
Gahongas
Gaki
Galar
Galatea
Galgenmannlein
Galland, Antoine (1646—1715)
Gallas
Gallu
Gally-Beggar
Gally-Trot
Gamayun
Gancone
Gandarewa
Gandayah
Gandharvas
Gans
Gashadokuro
Gean-Cannah
Genderuwo
Genie
Genii
Genii Cucullati
Genius
Gentle Anne
Gentle Annis
Gentry, the
German, the
Gervase of Tilbury (c.1150— c.1228)
Geryon
Ghillie Dhu
Ghoul
Ghul
Giants
Girouette
Gjenganger
Glaistig
Glam
Glashtin
Glashtyn
Glastyn
Gnomes
Goblins
Goibniu
Goolagaya
Gooseberry Wife
Goryos
Govannon
Grant, the
Grave Watcher, the
Gray Neighbors
Gray Paw, the
Great Giant of Henllys
Green Children
Green Fairy, the
Green Glaistig
Green Lady
Green Man, the
Greencoaties
Green-haired Fairy, the
Gregory, Lady Augusta (1852—1932)
Grim
Grimm, Jakob and Wilhelm (1785—1863) (1786—1859)
Grindylow
Groac’h of the Isle of Lok
Grogach
Grogan
Gruagach, the
Gryla
Gualichu
Gui
Gull
Gunna
Gurumapa
Gurumukas
Guytrash
Gwach y Rhibyn
Gwern
Gwragedd Annwn
Gwyllion
Gwyn ap Nudd
Gyhldeptis
Gyre-Carling
Gytrash
Habetrot
Hag
Hairy Meg
Haltia
Haltija
Hamadryad
Hantu
Harpies
Hathor
Havmands
Hebu
Heinzelmannchen
Henkies
Herne the Hunter
Herok’a
Hesperides, the
Hidarugami
Hillmen
Hinky Punk
Hinzelmann
Hob
Hobgoblin
Hobmen
Hobthrust
Hodekin
Honga
Honochenokeh
Hulden
Huldra
Huldre
Huli Jing
Hunt, Robert (1807–1887)
Hylde-Moer
Hylde-Vinde
Hyldemoder
Hyter Sprites
Iansan
Ignis Fatuus
Ijirait
Illes
Ilona
Imp
Ina, the Fairy Voyager
Ina Pic Winna
Incubus
Indra
Indrásan People
Iratxoak
Ispolini
It
Jack in Irons
Jack of the Bowl
Jack O’Lantern
Jacobs, Joseph (1854–1916)
Janaína
Jean de la Bodiéta
Jeannie of Biggersdale
Jengu
Jenny Greenteeth
Jikininki
Jimmy Squarefoot
Jinn
Jinni
Joan the Wad
Jogah
Jo-Ga-Oh
Joint-eater
Jones, Davy
Just-halver
Kabibonokka
Kabouter
Kaboutermannekin
Kabun
Kachinas
Kakamora
Kakua Kambuzi
Kaluk
Kanaima
Kate Crackernuts
Katsinas
Keightley, Thomas (1789–1872)
Kelpies
Keremets
Keshalyi
Kijimuna
Killmoulis
King Goldemar
King Herla
Kinnara/Kinnari
Kirk, Robert (1644–1692)
Kirkegrim
Kirnis
Kisar Bonga
Kit with the Canstick, or Candlestick
Kitsune
Klabautermann
Knackers
Knockers
Kobold
Kodinhaltia
Korrigan
Kratt
Kumiho
Lady of the Lake, the
Lalla
Lalla Mira
Lalla Mkouna Bent Mkoun
Lalla Rekya Bint El Khamar
Lamashtu
Lamassu
Lamia
Lang, Andrew (1844–1912)
Laurin
Lazy Lawrence
Leanan Sidhe
Leprechaun
Leshii
Lhiannan Shee
Li Ban
Liban
Liban the Mermaid
Li’l Fellas, the
Limos
Llamhigyn y Dwr
Lleu Llaw Gyffes
Llyr
Lob
Loçolico
Löfjerskor
Loireag, the
Lone Sod, the
Lorelei
Love-talker, the
Lug
Lugh
Luideag
Lunantishee
Lutins
What are Elementals?
Fairy Anatomy: Beings of a Middle Nature
Fairy Evolution — Spiritualists and Theosophists
Flower Fairies
Fairies of the Earth, Water, Fire, and Air
Earth Fairies
Water Fairies
Fire Fairies
Air Fairies
Fairy Flowers and Trees
Fairy Flowers
Cowslip
Bluebell
Daisy
Dandelion
Flax
Foxglove
Pansy
Primrose
Ragwort
Fairy Trees
Apple
Ash, Oak, Thorn
Elder
Hazel
Rowan
Maahiset
Maanalaiset
Maanväki
Mab
Macha
Maeve
Magnus, Olaus (1490—1557)
Malekin
Mama Padura
Manannan, Son of Lir
Manitou
Mara
Mariora Floriora
Marrol, the
Matabiri
Matagaigai
Matholwch
Matshishkapeu
Mazikeen
Medb
Medhb
Meister Hammerling
Mekumwasuck
Melsh Dick
Melusine
Mera
Mermaid
Merman
Merrows
Merry Dancers
Midhir
Miren
Miru
Mmotia
Monaciello
Morduadh
Morgan
Morgan le Fay
Morgens
Morrigan
Morrigu
Moura Lavaderia
Moura Velha
Mouras Encantadas
Mouras Fiandeiras
Muilearteach, the
Meg Mullach
Maggie Mulloch
Mumpoker
Muryan
Muse
Nab
Näcken
Naddaha, El
Nadubi
Naga
Nagumwasuck
Naiads
Nain Rouge (Red Dwarf)
Näkki
Nancy Fairy
Nanny Button-Cap
Napaeae
Napf-Hans
Narbrooi
Nats
Neck
Nemen
Nereids
Niagriusar
Nicnevin
Night Wailer
Nikkommo
Nikur
Nimerigar
Nimuë
Nisse
Nix
Noggle
Nornir
Norns
Norouas, the Northwest Wind
Nuberu, El
Nuckelavee, the
Nuggle
Nunnehi
Nuno sa Punso
Nursery Bogies
Nututaja, Night Wailer
Nygel
Nymphs
Oakmen
Oberon
Oceanid
Odin
Ogme
Ohdowas
Oisin
Old Cutty Soams
Old Lady of the Elder Tree, the
Old Roger
Old Woman of the Mountain, the
Ole Luk Øj
Ombwiri
Ondine
Peg O’Nell
Oni-Bi
Oona
Oonagh
Oosood
Oread
Orehu
Orenda
Orisa
Orisha
Orixa
Oriyu
Orpheus
Otne-Yar-Heh, the
Otteermaaner
Owl Woman Monster
Padfoot
Pakepakeha
Pan
Paribanou
Patupaiarehe
Peallaidh, the Shaggy One
Peat Fairy
Peerie Fool
Peerifool
Peg Leg Jack
People of Peace, the
People of the Hills, the
Peri Banu
Peris
Perrault, Charles (1628—1703)
Pexy
Pharisees
Phenodree
Phouka
Pigseys
Piskey
Piskie
Pisky
Pisky Threshers
Pitch Woman
Pixie
Pixy
Plant Annwn, the
Ponaturi
Pontianak
Portunes
Potamoi
Peg Powler
Powries
Preta
Puck
Puddlefoot
Puka
Pwca
Qailertetang
Qallupilluk
Qareen
Qarin
Qutrub
Fairies in Literature and Legend
A Brief History of Fairies in English Literature
Legends and Medieval Romances
Shakespeare and the Poets
The Romantic Revival
The Folklorists
Fairies in Children’s Literature
Grown-up Fairies
A Flit through the History of Fairy Tales
Ancient Tales, Myths, and Legends
Scandinavia: Old Norse Legends
Loki and the Dwarf
Celtic Myth and Legend
Connla and the Fairy Maiden
Medieval Romances
Sir Launfal and the Fairy Tryamour
Ancient Arabia: Tales of the Thousand and One Nights
The Merchant and the Djinn
Italy: The Story of Stories
Cenerentola
France: Birth of the Modern Fairy Tale
The White Cat
Germany: The Brothers Grimm
Mid-1800s: The Fairytale Craze Sweeps across Europe. Denmark: Hans Christian Andersen
The Wild Swans
Norway: Asbjørnsen and Moe
The Three Billy Goats Gruff
Russia: Aleksandr Afanasyev
Baba Yaga and Vasilissa the Beautiful
Britain: Lang and Jacobs
Rå
Rådande
Ralph of Coggeshall (Active thirteenth century)
Raven
Raviyoyla
Rawhead and Bloody Bones
Red Dwarf
Redcaps
Rhys, Sir John (1840–1915)
River Mumma
Roane
Robin Goodfellow
Rumpelstiltskin
Rumpelstilzchen
Rusalka
Saci
Saci Saçurá
St. Collen and the Fairy King
Salamander
Sandman, the
Sankchinni
Sanna
Scott, Sir Walter (1771–1832)
Seal Maidens
Sedna
Seelie Court, the
Selkies
Seven Whistlers
Shag Foal
Shango
Shawano
Shedeem
Shedu
Shee
Shefro
Shehireem
Shekkasoh
Shellycoat
Sheoques, the
Shining Ones, the
Shinseën
Shock, the
Shony
Shoopiltee
Si
Sidh
Sidhe
Sikes, Wirt (1836–1883)
Silkies
Siofra
Sireen
Siren
Sirene
Sith
Sjora
Skillywidden
Skinwalkers
Skriker
Sleigh Beggey
Sluagh, the
Söedrouen
Solitary Fairies
Spenser, Edmund (c.1552–1599)
Spirit of the Van, the
Spriggans
Sprites
Spunkies
Stock
Strand Varsels
Strangers, the
Stray Sod, the
Strömkarl
Sturluson, Snorri (1179–1241)
Suanggi
Subterraneans, the
Surouas, the Southwest Wind
Swan Maidens
Swarth
Sylph
Syrene
Tah-Tah-Kle-Ah
Tam Lin
Tangie
Taniwha
Tan-Wedd
Taotie
Tapio
Taqwus
Tarans
Taroo-Ushtey
Tarraway
Tatter Foal
Telchines
Telkhines
Terrytop
Thardid Jimbo
Thekk
Thomas the Rhymer
Thunderbird
Tian Xian Pei
Tibicena
Tiddy Men, the
Tiddy Ones, the
Tiddy Mun
Tieholtsodi
Tikbalang
Titania
Tlaloques
Tokoloshe
Tolaeth
Tom Thumb
Tom Tit Tot
Tomte
Tonenili
Tongue, Ruth (1898–1981)
Tonntu
Triton
Trolls
Trooping Fairies
Trows
Tsao Chun
Tsonokwa
Tuatha de Danann
Tulip Fairies
Tündér
Tuoni and Tuonetar
Tupilak
Tupilaq, the
Turehu
Tuurngait
Tylwyth Teg
Uncegila
Underjordiske
Undine
Unseelie Court, the
Urisk
Uruisg
Utukku
Valkyries
Valkyrs
Van Pools
Veja Mahte
Vejo Patis
Ventolines
Vila
Vivian
Vodyanoy
Wabun
Waff
Wag-at-the-Wa’
Wakanda
Waldgeister
Waldron, George (1690–1730)
Water Horse
Water Leaper, the
Water Wraith
Wee Folk
White Ladies
White Lady of Ireland, the
Whuppity Stoorie
Wila
Wild Hunt, the
Wilde, Lady Jane Frances (1826–1896)
Will o’ the Wisp
Wish Hounds
Wokolo
Wood Wives
Wraith
Xanthe
Xantho
Yallery Brown
Yarthkins
Ye Shen
Ye Xian
Yeats, W. B. (1865–1939)
Yell Hound
Yellow Dwarf
Yemaja
Yeth Hound
Ys
Yuki-Onna
Yule Lads
Yunwitsandsdi
Zagaz
Zâna˘
Zao-Jun
Zao Shen
Zemi
Zenko
Zeuxo
Zhong Kui
Zina
Zinkibaru
Selected Bibliography
Useful Online Resources
Acknowledgments
Copyright
Отрывок из книги
Cover
Title Page
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In the British tale “Childe Rowland,” the eponymous hero enters Elfland via a hill to rescue his sister, Burd Ellen, from the Elf King’s Dark Tower. He circles a terraced green mound three times “widdershins”—in the opposite direction to the sun—saying, “Open, door! Open, door! And let me come in.” This grants him entrance to fairyland.
In Scandinavia, there are tales of fairy mounds being raised up on red pillars, so that the occupants can feast with their neighbors. In one Danish account, a lad named Hans saw three hills raised on pillars, with much merriment and dancing going on beneath. In Scotland, Robert Kirk recorded a similar belief about Scottish fairy mounds. According to Kirk, every quarter-year, with the changing of the season, the inhabitants of the Scottish hills moved from one place to the next. It was considered dangerous to walk about at night at these times, for the entrances to fairyland were open and the little people were abroad. The “fairy paths,” the well-trodden routes running in straight lines between fairy hills, were especially to be avoided at these times.
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