Understanding Case Study Research

Understanding Case Study Research
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Written in an accessible and jargon-free style, this book provides a comprehensive, student-friendly guide to the nature and use of case study research. Whether as part of a more substantial study or as the foundation for a self-contained smaller project, case studies provide viable and valuable alternatives to conducting large-scale research. Grounded in both theory and practice, this book sets out not only the key debates and ethical issues surrounding case study research, but also focuses specifically on the work of others and how you can understand, use, and write about secondary data as the basis for your own research project. With tips, examples, and extensive discussion of real-world case studies  from a variety of social science and other disciplines, Tight illustrates the kinds of research to which case studies can be applied. Topics include: Types of case studies Advantages and disadvantages to using case studies The meaning and value of case study research  The use of case studies in different disciplines and research designs Whether you want to know how to access and use the case studies of others or understand the methods behind conducting your own case study research, this book will take you through every step of the process!

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Malcolm Tight. Understanding Case Study Research

Understanding Case Study Research

Contents

List of Boxes and Table. Boxes

Table

About the Author

1 Introduction. Aims and Audience

The Contents of the Book

2 Origins and Applications of Case Study. Introduction

What is a Case Study?

Box 2.1 Definitions of Case Study

The Origins and History of Case Study

Case Study in Different Disciplines

Types of Case Study

Box 2.2 Types of Case Study

Teaching and Research Case Studies

Summary

Key Readings

3 Key Debates in Case Study Research. Introduction

Alternative Perspectives on Case Study

Box 3.1 Alternative Research Classifications of Case Study

Case Study as a Research Design

The Qualitative/Quantitative Debate

Debates Regarding Case Study

Strengths and Desirable Qualities of Case Study

Box 3.2 Strengths, Weaknesses and Desirable Qualities of Case Studies. Strengths

Weaknesses

Desirable Qualities

Perceived Weaknesses of Case Study and Responses to These

Generalisability

Validity and Reliability

Box 3.3 Alternative Criteria for Judging the Quality of Research

Other Issues

Is Everything a Case?

Summary

Key Readings

4 The Value of Case Study. Introduction

What Makes a Meaningful Case Study?

Box 4.1 What Makes a Meaningful Case Study?

Can You Understand What the Researchers Have Done and Why?

Does Their Interpretation of Their Findings Seem Reasonable and Defensible?

Can You Relate the Case Study to Other Research on the Topic?

Does the Study Suggest Plausible Change Actions and/or Further Research Directions?

Some Examples of Meaningful Case Study Research

Bygstad and Munkvold (2011)

Watson (2009)

Johnston (1985)

Kyburz-Graber (2004)

Payne et al (2007)

Small-scale Research with Meaning

Summary

Key Readings

5 The Use of Case Study in Different Disciplines. Introduction

Which Disciplines Use Case Study?

Business and Management

Generic Studies

Accounting

International Business

Marketing

Operations Management

Public Administration

Purchasing and Logistics

Small Business

Education

Different Educational Areas, Sectors or Levels

Health

Medicine

Nursing

Physiotherapy

Psychiatry/Psychoanalysis/Psychotherapy

Other Professional Disciplines

Development

Information Systems

Law

Library and Information Studies

Social Work

Other Disciplines

Geography and Environmental Studies

Philosophy

Political Science

Psychology

Sociology

Conclusions across the Disciplines

Summary

Key Readings

6 Case Studies in Mixed/Combined Research Designs. Introduction

Using Case Study in Combined Research Designs

Box 6.1 Possible Reasons for Using Case Study in Combined Research Designs

Examples of Combined Research Designs

Action and Other Participatory Forms of Research

Complexity Science and Network Theory

Constructionism and Critical Realism

Content Analysis

Ethnography

Evaluation

Experiment

Grounded Theory

Surveys

Systems Designs

Time Series Designs

General Conclusions and Guidance

Summary

Key Readings

7 Learning from Case Study. Introduction

Writing on Case Study

Existing Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews

Box 7.1 Examples of Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews of Case Study Research. Identified and discussed in Chapter 5

Other Examples

How to Find Relevant Case Studies

Box 7.2 How to Find Relevant Case Studies

Using Search Engines

Using Existing Meta-analyses, Systematic Reviews and Literature Reviews

Using Articles, Books and Reports

Using Theses and Dissertations

Using Existing Case Studies

Box 7.3 Using Existing Case Studies

To Inform Your Research Design, Choice of Methodology and Methods

To Inform Your Theoretical Framework

To Compare Your Practice with

To Compare Your Findings and Conclusions with

To Enable You to Generalise Further

Reading Non-case Study Research of Relevance to the Topic

Examples of Case Study Research

Baines and Cunningham (2013)

Etherington and Bridges (2011)

Garaway (1996)

Jones et al (1993)

McCarthy, Holland and Gillies (2003)

Mjoset (2006)

Nonthaleerak and Hendry (2008)

Oke and Gopalakrishnan (2009)

Rialp et al (2005)

Vellema et al (2013)

Some Conclusions

Contrary Examples

Greenhalgh et al (2010)

Jenkins et al (2001)

Some Conclusions

Summary

Key Readings

8 Selection, Context and Theory in Case Study. Introduction

Overview

Box 8.1 Guidance on Doing Case Studies

Scheduling Your Research Project

Research Questions

Box 8.2 Examples of Research Questions from Case Studies

Sampling and Selection Issues

The Role of Access

Other Issues in Sampling and Selection

Selection Bias

Ethical Concerns

Box 8.3 Alternative Formulations of Ethical Principles and Frameworks

The Case Study in Context: Boundary, Environment and Unit of Analysis

Case Studies and Theory

What is Theory?

Theory Building with Case Study

Box 8.4 Published Examples of Theory Building from Case Study Research

Theory Testing with Case Study

Single and Multiple Case Studies

Summary

Key Readings

9 Method, Analysis and Report in Case Study. Introduction

Overview

Methodology and Methods

Box 9.1 Epistemologies, Theoretical Perspectives, Methodologies and Methods

Distinguishing between Methodology and Method

Alternative Methodological Approaches: Positivist and Interpretivist Strategies

Choice of Methods: Qualitative, Quantitative or Mixed?

Qualitative Methods

Box 9.2 Research Strategies and Methods of Data Collection and Analysis within Qualitative Research. Research Strategies

Methods of Collection and Analysis

Box 9.3 What Should Qualitative Research Be?

Quantitative Methods

Box 9.4 Forms of Quantitative Analysis. Simpler Forms of Quantitative Analysis

More Complicated Forms of Quantitative Analysis

Mixed Methods

Collecting and Analysing Data

Guidance on Analysis from Exponents of Case Study

Box 9.5 Analysing Case Studies according to Yin and Swanborn. A: According to Yin (2009) Pattern Matching

Explanation Building

Time-Series Analysis

Logic Models

Cross-case Synthesis

B: According to Swanborn (2010) Research in the Field of Changing Organisations according to Yin (i.e. the five approaches identified above)

Analysis of Data Collected in One of the Qualitative Traditions

Data Analysis and Presentation according to the Work of Miles and Huberman

Time-series Analysis

Data Analysis according to Ragin’s Method

Other Approaches

Using Software for Analysis

Reporting Your Findings

Assessing Your Work

Writing Up for Publication

Summary

Key Readings

10 Conclusion. Introduction

The Contemporary State of Case Study

Possible Future Directions

References

Index

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Small-scale Research with Meaning

The focus of the book is primarily on the social sciences, as this is both the subject area with which I am most familiar, and also the area in which case study is most commonly employed as a research design. However, as case study is widely used in many disciplines, the book also explores that varied usage, so it should be useful beyond the social sciences as well.

.....

To take the example of business/management, Romm and Mahler (1991) offer ‘a new approach to an old method’, focusing on the use of case studies in teaching. They provide sets of guidelines for their usage, arguing that:

By tailoring the use of cases to specific objectives and by matching these objectives with a diverse and imaginative case-related repertoire of methodologies, we can turn case analysis into a theoretically relevant, personally meaningful, and thoroughly enjoyable experience. (p. 300)

.....

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