Castles and Chateaux of Old Navarre and the Basque Provinces
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Mansfield Milburg Francisco. Castles and Chateaux of Old Navarre and the Basque Provinces
By Way of Introduction
CHAPTER I. A GENERAL SURVEY
CHAPTER II. FEUDAL FRANCE – ITS PEOPLE AND ITS CHÂTEAUX
CHAPTER III. THE PYRENEES – THEIR GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY
CHAPTER IV. THE PYRENEES – THEIR HISTORY AND PEOPLES
CHAPTER V. ROUSSILLON AND THE CATALANS
CHAPTER VI. FROM PERPIGNAN TO THE SPANISH FRONTIER
CHAPTER VII. THE CANIGOU AND ANDORRA
CHAPTER VIII. THE HIGH VALLEY OF THE AUDE
CHAPTER IX. THE WALLS OF CARCASSONNE
CHAPTER X. THE COUNTS OF FOIX
CHAPTER XI. FOIX AND ITS CHÂTEAU
CHAPTER XII. THE VALLEY OF THE ARIÈGE
CHAPTER XIII. ST. LIZIER AND THE COUSERANS
CHAPTER XIV. THE PAYS DE COMMINGES
CHAPTER XV. BÉARN AND THE BÉARNAIS
CHAPTER XVI. OF THE HISTORY AND TOPOGRAPHY OF BÉARN
CHAPTER XVII. PAU AND ITS CHÂTEAU
CHAPTER XVIII. LESCAR, THE SEPULCHRE OF THE BÉARNAIS
CHAPTER XIX. THE GAVE D’OSSAU
CHAPTER XX. TARBES, BIGORRE AND LUCHON
CHAPTER XXI. BY THE BLUE GAVE DE PAU
CHAPTER XXII. OLORON AND THE VAL D’ASPE
CHAPTER XXIII. ORTHEZ AND THE GAVE D’OLORON
CHAPTER XXIV. THE BIRTH OF FRENCH NAVARRE
CHAPTER XXV. THE BASQUES
CHAPTER XXVI. SAINT-JEAN-PIED-DE-PORT AND THE COL DE RONÇEVAUX
CHAPTER XXVII. THE VALLEY OF THE NIVE
CHAPTER XXVIII. BAYONNE: ITS PORT AND ITS WALLS
CHAPTER XXIX. BIARRITZ AND SAINT-JEAN-DE-LUZ
CHAPTER XXX. THE BIDASSOA AND THE FRONTIER
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THIS book is no record of exploitation or discovery; it is simply a review of many things seen and heard anent that marvellous and comparatively little known region vaguely described as “the Pyrenees,” of which the old French provinces (and before them the independent kingdoms, countships and dukedoms) of Béarn, Navarre, Foix and Roussillon are the chief and most familiar.
The region has been known as a touring ground for long years, and mountain climbers who have tired of the monotony of the Alps have found much here to quicken their jaded appetites. Besides this, there is a wealth of historic fact and a quaintness of men and manners throughout all this wonderful country of infinite variety, which has been little worked, as yet, by any but the guide-book makers, who deal with only the dryest of details and with little approach to completeness.
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The wines of the Midi of France in general are famous, and have been for generations, to bons vivants. The soil, the climate and pretty much everything else is favourable to the vine, from the Spanish frontier in the Pyrenees to that of Italy in the Alpes-Maritimes. The wines of the Midi are of three sorts, each quite distinct from the others; the ordinary table wines, the cordials, and the wines for distilling, or for blending. Within the topographical confines of this book one distinguishes all three of these groups, those of Roussillon, those of Languedoc, and those of Armagnac.
The rocky soil of Roussillon, alone, for example (neighbouring Collioure, Banyuls and Rivesaltes), gives each of the three, and the heavy wines of the same region, for blending (most frequently with Bordeaux), are greatly in demand among expert wine-factors all over France. In the Département de l’Aude, the wines of Lézignan and Ginestas are attached to this last group. The traffic in these wines is concentrated at Carcassonne and Narbonne. At Limoux there is a specialty known as Blanquette de Limoux – a wine greatly esteemed, and almost as good an imitation of champagne as is that of Saumur.
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