The State of Science

The State of Science
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New research and innovations in the field of science are leading to life-changing and world-altering discoveries like never before. What does the horizon of science look like? Who are the scientists that are making it happen? And, how are we to introduce these revolutions to a society in which a segment of the population has become more and more skeptical of science? Climate change is the biggest challenge facing our nation, and scientists are working on renewable energy sources, meat alternatives, and carbon dioxide sequestration. At the same time, climate change deniers and the politicization of funding threaten their work. CRISPR, (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) repurposes bacterial defense systems to edit genes, which can change the way we live, but also presents real ethical problems. Optogenetics will help neuroscientists map complicated neural circuitry deep inside the brain, shedding light on treating Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Zimmer also investigates phony science ranging from questionable “health” products to the fervent anti-vaccination movement. Zimmer introduces readers to the real people making these breakthroughs. Concluding with chapters on the rise of women in STEM fields, the importance of US immigration policies to science, and new, unorthodox ways of DIY science and crowdsource funding, The State of Science shows where science is, where it is heading, and the scientists who are at the forefront of progress.

Оглавление

Marc Zimmer. The State of Science

Science

The Big Picture

What Is Science?

Science and the Anthropocene

Science, Economy, and Equity

Ethical and Safety Challenges of Scientific Growth

Challenges to Science

Fake News and Science

The Professional Scientist

Scientists of Color

Nobel Prizes. What Do They Say about Diversity?

Immigrants to the United States

Women in Science

“The Leaky Pipeline”

Science and a Family Life

Implicit Bias

Science and Masculine (Over)confidence

Conclusion

Do-It-Yourself Science

History of Amateur Scientists

The Internet Opens Science to Amateurs: Citizen Scientists

Scientific Art

Community Lab Spaces

Biohacking

Doing Science

The Nuts and Bolts

Peer-Reviewed Publications

Is the Scientific Publication System Broken?

Irreproducibility

How Can Scientific Publishing Be Fixed?

Research Funding

Old Science

Recognizing a Breakthrough in Science

The Determination of. the Double Helical Structure of DNA

Lessons from the DNA Story

The Disinfection of Water by Chlorination

Green Fluorescent Proteins

Lessons Learned from the Green Fluorescent Protein Research

New Science

LIGO and Virgo

Gravitational Waves Are Detected

Gravitational Waves Get a Nobel Prize

The Role of Big Science

Deep Learning

Chess, Go, and Poker: Proof of. Concept Applications of Deep Learning

Protein Folding: Deep Learning Takes the Next Step

AI, Medicine, and Changing Employment Patterns

Are We All Just Data?

Optogenetics

What Is Optogenetics?

Swimming Worms and Circling Mice: Proof of Concept Optogenetics Experiments

Optogenetics and Medicine

CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)

CRISPR History

CRISPR Applications

Plants

Animals

Medicine

Gene Drives

Should We Be Doing This?

Conclusion

Bad Science

This Is Not Science; It Is Fake Science

Tobacco’s War on Science

Complexity of Science

Fake News and the Post-Truth Era

Predatory Journals: Bypassing Peer Review

Truth and the Role of Scientists

Consequences and Solutions

This Is Science, Not Politics

Climate Change

Anti-Vaxxers

Genetically Modified Foods

Trusting Science

Quackery

Supplements That Look Like Medicines

Stem Cells

Parabiosis

Dr. Oz

Wellness

Conclusion: Beware Unscrupulous Quacks. Selling Pseudoscience

Future Science

Some Thoughts on Keeping Science Healthy in a Sustainable Future

The Role of Science in Stopping Climate Change

Trusting Experts—and the Trump Administration

The Science Race and U.S. Competitiveness

Should There Be Limits on Science? If So, Who Sets Them?

Conclusion: The Future of Science Is Bright

Acknowledgments

The Road to Science

The State of Science: Good Science, Bad Science, New Science, Old Science

Published Ideas, Public Ideas, Talk Ideas, Long Walk Ideas

The State of Me: Good Marc, Bad Marc, Happy Marc, Sad Marc

Index

Отрывок из книги

Part One

Chapter 1

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24.

Gibney, E. (2018). Nobel laureate Donna Strickland talks lasers and gender, Nature Podcast, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06995-w.

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